Nuclear power plants to generates electric energy used nuclear fuel such as Uranium Oxide (UOX). A typical VVER−1000 reactor uses about 20–25 tons of spent fuel per year. The fuel transmutation of UOX fuel was evaluated by VISTA computer code. In this estimation the front end and back end components of fuel cycle was calculated. The front end of the cycle parameter are FF requirements, enrichment value requirements, depleted uranium amount, conversion requirements and natural uranium requirements. The back-end component is Spent Fuel (SF), Actinide Inventory (AI) and Fission Product (FP) radioisotopes.
Part of the book: Nuclear Power Plants
In recent decades, multiple radiopharmaceutical conjugates have been tested and shown to be efficacious in treating metastasized castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Several types of research have been published on the therapeutic use of α-emitter radiopharmaceuticals, and several authors suggested their treatment superiority. One of the suggested methods is targeted alpha therapy. In this method, alpha radiation delivers energy to cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment while minimizing toxicity to surrounding tissues. In this chapter, the alpha emitter radiopharmaceutical applications in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients were investigated. Hence, we studied the 223Ra and 225Ac α-emitter radiopharmaceuticals application method and distribution of dose throughout human body organs.
Part of the book: Radiopharmaceuticals