Part of the book: Understanding Tuberculosis
Autophagy (macroautophagy) is a lysosome-dependent catabolic pathway that degrades damaged organelles, protein aggregates, microorganisms, and other cytoplasmic components. Autophagy was previously considered to be nonselective; however, studies have increasingly established that autophagy-mediated degradation is highly regulated. Selective autophagy regulates plenty of specific cellular components through specialized molecules termed autophagy receptors, which include p62, NBR1, NDP52, optineurin, and VCP among others. Autophagy receptors recognize ubiquitinated cargo and interact with the LC3/GABARAP/Gate16 protein on the membrane of nascent phagophore. In this review, we summarize the advances in the molecular mechanisms of selective autophagy adaptor proteins.
Part of the book: Autophagy in Current Trends in Cellular Physiology and Pathology