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Urine Creatinine Excretion in HIV and Non-HIV Subjects
This study assessed urine creatinine in spot and 24-hour samples in HIV and non-HIV population. We categorized dilute urine as a 24-hour urine creatinine <300 mg, concentrated urine as a 24-hour urine creatinine >3000 mg, and normal urine as a 24-hour urine creatinine 300–3000 mg. Association of variables with creatinine was evaluated. In HIV subjects, the mean spot urine creatinine was 137.21 ± 98.47 mg/dl and a 24-hour urine creatinine was 1507 ± 781 mg. The prevalence of dilute urine was 0.5%, normal urine 93.1%, and concentrated urine 6.4%. 20-hour urine creatinine was associated with serum LDL, and HDL. Concentrated urine was correlated with a 24-hour urine osmolality (r = 0.95), serum HDL (r = −0.73), CD4 cells count (r = −0.71), and BMI (r = 0.74). Dyslipidemia was common in HIV subjects with concentrated urine. In non-HIV subjects, the mean spot urine creatinine was 148 ± 167 mg/dl and the 24-hour urine creatinine was 1203 ± 316 mg. The 24-hour urine creatinine was within the normal range. The spot urine creatinine significantly correlated with BMI, spot urine protein, spot urine osmolality, 24-hour urine protein, 24-hour urine creatinine, serum creatinine, serum cholesterol, and serum LDL. Conversely, the 24-hour urine creatinine significantly correlated with 24-hour urine volume, serum creatinine, and serum cholesterol. The spot urine protein and 24-hour urine protein were predictors of spot urine creatinine. Serum creatinine was a predictor of 24-hour urine creatinine. Proteinuric renal abnormalities were common.
Part of the book: Biomarkers and Bioanalysis Overview