Chapters authored
Blood Glucose Prediction for “Artificial Pancreas” System
The aim of modern science in diabetes therapy is to develop a closed-loop system to control blood glucose (BG) (“artificial pancreas”). Such a system includes glucose monitor, insulin pump and algorithms of their interaction and blood glucose (BG) dynamics analysis. Current work is devoted to mathematic modeling of BG dynamics, development of BG prediction algorithm and its approbation on clinical data Diabetes Research in Children Network (DirecNet). Prediction algorithm is based on sigma model of BG regulation and is supposed to be used for “artificial pancreas” system. The algorithm was tested under condition of possible errors in glucometer and/or insulin pump operation. Root-mean-square error of BG prediction is 15.7 mg/dl. Algorithm corrects 97.5% errors.
Part of the book: Gluconeogenesis
Wearable Dialysis: Current State and Perspectives
For more than four decades, scientists and engineers are trying to miniaturise dialysis machines to make them wearable. There are many reasons for that—from increased biocompatibility and cost-efficiency to longer life expectancy and higher quality of life. That can be achieved by continuous blood treatment like in natural kidneys, which softly filter blood for 168 h a week when hemodialysis does that quickly—for approximately 20 h a week, which affects the organism in a bad way. Along with that, during hemodialysis, the patient must be near the dialysis machine, in contrary to wearable apparatus that can be carried anywhere. To achieve these advantages, dialysis fluid regeneration system must be developed, and it is a problem to be solved in the next few years. In this chapter, we describe current prototypes of wearable artificial kidneys, their design principles and results of our investigations.
Part of the book: Wearable Technologies