Landslide classifications based on material and types of movements [13].
\r\n\tThere will be a chapter on secondary causes of sexual dysfunction disorders related to diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. A chapter on remedial measures to enhance sexual activity and maintain human relationships will be discussed. As there is a growing number of cancer survivors a chapter on cancer-related sexual dysfunction will be welcomed for including it.
",isbn:null,printIsbn:null,pdfIsbn:null,doi:null,price:0,priceEur:0,priceUsd:0,slug:null,numberOfPages:0,isOpenForSubmission:!0,isSalesforceBook:!1,isNomenclature:!1,hash:"b988fda30a4e2364ee9d47e417bd0ba9",bookSignature:"Dr. Dhastagir Sultan Sheriff",publishedDate:null,coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11889.jpg",keywords:"Sex, Sexual Response Cycle, Erection, Premature Ejaculation, Libido, Orgasm, Painful Intercourse, Psychological, Female, Lack of Desire, Erectile Disorders, Pain Disorders",numberOfDownloads:null,numberOfWosCitations:0,numberOfCrossrefCitations:null,numberOfDimensionsCitations:null,numberOfTotalCitations:null,isAvailableForWebshopOrdering:!0,dateEndFirstStepPublish:"April 8th 2022",dateEndSecondStepPublish:"May 6th 2022",dateEndThirdStepPublish:"July 5th 2022",dateEndFourthStepPublish:"September 23rd 2022",dateEndFifthStepPublish:"November 22nd 2022",dateConfirmationOfParticipation:null,remainingDaysToSecondStep:"2 months",secondStepPassed:!0,areRegistrationsClosed:!0,currentStepOfPublishingProcess:4,editedByType:null,kuFlag:!1,biosketch:"Dhastagir Sultan Sheriff is a life member of the European Society for Human Reproduction and Early Human Development, Association of Physiologists and Pharmacologists of India, member of the National Academy of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, and resource person for UNESCO for Medical and Bioethics. Dr. Sheriff has authored five books including a textbook on medical biochemistry with additional interest in human sexology. He has done extensive research in andrology, sex education, and counseling.",coeditorOneBiosketch:null,coeditorTwoBiosketch:null,coeditorThreeBiosketch:null,coeditorFourBiosketch:null,coeditorFiveBiosketch:null,editors:[{id:"167875",title:"Dr.",name:"Dhastagir Sultan",middleName:null,surname:"Sheriff",slug:"dhastagir-sultan-sheriff",fullName:"Dhastagir Sultan Sheriff",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/167875/images/system/167875.jpg",biography:"Dhastagir Sultan Sheriff is a life member of the European Society for Human Reproduction and Early Human Development, Association of Physiologists and Pharmacologists of India, member of the National Academy of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, and resource person for UNESCO for Medical and Bioethics. Dr. Sheriff has authored five books including a textbook on medical biochemistry with additional interest in human sexology. He had editorials written in the British Journal of Sexology, Journal of Royal Society of Medicine, Postgraduate Medicine, and Scientist. He was a former Rotarian, Citizen Ambassador, and was selected for the Ford Foundation Fellowship.",institutionString:"University of Benghazi",position:null,outsideEditionCount:0,totalCites:0,totalAuthoredChapters:"4",totalChapterViews:"0",totalEditedBooks:"2",institution:{name:"University of Benghazi",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Libya"}}}],coeditorOne:null,coeditorTwo:null,coeditorThree:null,coeditorFour:null,coeditorFive:null,topics:[{id:"16",title:"Medicine",slug:"medicine"}],chapters:null,productType:{id:"1",title:"Edited Volume",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"},personalPublishingAssistant:null},relatedBooks:[{type:"book",id:"6550",title:"Cohort Studies in Health Sciences",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"01df5aba4fff1a84b37a2fdafa809660",slug:"cohort-studies-in-health-sciences",bookSignature:"R. Mauricio Barría",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/6550.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"88861",title:"Dr.",name:"R. Mauricio",surname:"Barría",slug:"r.-mauricio-barria",fullName:"R. Mauricio Barría"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"9500",title:"Recent Advances in Bone Tumours and Osteoarthritis",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"ea4ec0d6ee01b88e264178886e3210ed",slug:"recent-advances-in-bone-tumours-and-osteoarthritis",bookSignature:"Hiran Amarasekera",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/9500.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"67634",title:"Dr.",name:"Hiran",surname:"Amarasekera",slug:"hiran-amarasekera",fullName:"Hiran Amarasekera"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"1591",title:"Infrared Spectroscopy",subtitle:"Materials Science, Engineering and Technology",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"99b4b7b71a8caeb693ed762b40b017f4",slug:"infrared-spectroscopy-materials-science-engineering-and-technology",bookSignature:"Theophile Theophanides",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/1591.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"37194",title:"Dr.",name:"Theophile",surname:"Theophanides",slug:"theophile-theophanides",fullName:"Theophile Theophanides"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"3161",title:"Frontiers in Guided Wave Optics and Optoelectronics",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"deb44e9c99f82bbce1083abea743146c",slug:"frontiers-in-guided-wave-optics-and-optoelectronics",bookSignature:"Bishnu Pal",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/3161.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"4782",title:"Prof.",name:"Bishnu",surname:"Pal",slug:"bishnu-pal",fullName:"Bishnu Pal"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"3092",title:"Anopheles mosquitoes",subtitle:"New insights into malaria vectors",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"c9e622485316d5e296288bf24d2b0d64",slug:"anopheles-mosquitoes-new-insights-into-malaria-vectors",bookSignature:"Sylvie Manguin",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/3092.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"50017",title:"Prof.",name:"Sylvie",surname:"Manguin",slug:"sylvie-manguin",fullName:"Sylvie Manguin"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"371",title:"Abiotic Stress in Plants",subtitle:"Mechanisms and Adaptations",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"588466f487e307619849d72389178a74",slug:"abiotic-stress-in-plants-mechanisms-and-adaptations",bookSignature:"Arun Shanker and B. Venkateswarlu",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/371.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"58592",title:"Dr.",name:"Arun",surname:"Shanker",slug:"arun-shanker",fullName:"Arun Shanker"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"72",title:"Ionic Liquids",subtitle:"Theory, Properties, New Approaches",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"d94ffa3cfa10505e3b1d676d46fcd3f5",slug:"ionic-liquids-theory-properties-new-approaches",bookSignature:"Alexander Kokorin",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/72.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"19816",title:"Prof.",name:"Alexander",surname:"Kokorin",slug:"alexander-kokorin",fullName:"Alexander Kokorin"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"314",title:"Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering",subtitle:"Cells and Biomaterials",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"bb67e80e480c86bb8315458012d65686",slug:"regenerative-medicine-and-tissue-engineering-cells-and-biomaterials",bookSignature:"Daniel Eberli",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/314.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"6495",title:"Dr.",name:"Daniel",surname:"Eberli",slug:"daniel-eberli",fullName:"Daniel Eberli"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"57",title:"Physics and Applications of Graphene",subtitle:"Experiments",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"0e6622a71cf4f02f45bfdd5691e1189a",slug:"physics-and-applications-of-graphene-experiments",bookSignature:"Sergey Mikhailov",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/57.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"16042",title:"Dr.",name:"Sergey",surname:"Mikhailov",slug:"sergey-mikhailov",fullName:"Sergey Mikhailov"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"1373",title:"Ionic Liquids",subtitle:"Applications and Perspectives",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"5e9ae5ae9167cde4b344e499a792c41c",slug:"ionic-liquids-applications-and-perspectives",bookSignature:"Alexander Kokorin",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/1373.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"19816",title:"Prof.",name:"Alexander",surname:"Kokorin",slug:"alexander-kokorin",fullName:"Alexander Kokorin"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}}]},chapter:{item:{type:"chapter",id:"33388",title:"Pharmacogenetics and Obstetric Anesthesia and Analgesia",doi:"10.5772/29862",slug:"pharmacogenetics-in-obstetric-anaesthesia-and-analgesia",body:null,keywords:null,chapterPDFUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/33388.pdf",chapterXML:null,downloadPdfUrl:"/chapter/pdf-download/33388",previewPdfUrl:"/chapter/pdf-preview/33388",totalDownloads:3059,totalViews:205,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,totalAltmetricsMentions:0,impactScore:0,impactScorePercentile:4,impactScoreQuartile:1,hasAltmetrics:0,dateSubmitted:"March 12th 2011",dateReviewed:"August 2nd 2011",datePrePublished:null,datePublished:"March 21st 2012",dateFinished:null,readingETA:"0",abstract:null,reviewType:"peer-reviewed",bibtexUrl:"/chapter/bibtex/33388",risUrl:"/chapter/ris/33388",book:{id:"769",slug:"clinical-applications-of-pharmacogenetics"},signatures:"C. Ortner, C. Ciliberto and R. Landau",authors:[{id:"79679",title:"Prof.",name:"RUth",middleName:null,surname:"Landau",fullName:"RUth Landau",slug:"ruth-landau",email:"rulandau@u.washington.edu",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",institution:{name:"University of Washington",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"United States of America"}}}],sections:null,chapterReferences:null,footnotes:null,contributors:null,corrections:null},book:{id:"769",type:"book",title:"Clinical Applications of Pharmacogenetics",subtitle:null,fullTitle:"Clinical Applications of Pharmacogenetics",slug:"clinical-applications-of-pharmacogenetics",publishedDate:"March 21st 2012",bookSignature:"Despina Sanoudou",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/769.jpg",licenceType:"CC BY 3.0",editedByType:"Edited by",isbn:null,printIsbn:"978-953-51-0389-9",pdfIsbn:"978-953-51-6928-4",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",numberOfWosCitations:14,isAvailableForWebshopOrdering:!0,editors:[{id:"65710",title:"Dr.",name:"Despina",middleName:null,surname:"Sanoudou",slug:"despina-sanoudou",fullName:"Despina Sanoudou"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,coeditorOne:null,coeditorTwo:null,coeditorThree:null,coeditorFour:null,coeditorFive:null,topics:[{id:"1199"}],productType:{id:"1",title:"Edited Volume",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"},chapters:[{id:"33377",type:"chapter",title:"Pharmacogenetics: Matching the Right Foundation at Personalized Medicine in the Right Genomic Era",slug:"pharmacogenomics-matching-the-right-foundation-at-personalized-medicine-in-the-right-genomic-era-",totalDownloads:3687,totalCrossrefCites:0,signatures:"Roxana-Georgiana Tauser",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"64676",title:"Prof.",name:"Roxana-Georgiana",middleName:null,surname:"Tauser",fullName:"Roxana-Georgiana Tauser",slug:"roxana-georgiana-tauser"}]},{id:"33378",type:"chapter",title:"Multiplexed Pharmacogenetic Assays for SNP Genotyping: Tools and Techniques for Individualizing Patient Therapy",slug:"multiplexed-pharmacogenetic-assays-for-snp-genotyping-tools-and-techniques-for-individualizing-patie",totalDownloads:3250,totalCrossrefCites:0,signatures:"Susan J. Hsiao and Alex J. Rai",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"77648",title:"Dr.",name:"Alex",middleName:null,surname:"Rai",fullName:"Alex Rai",slug:"alex-rai"},{id:"123645",title:"Dr.",name:"Susan",middleName:"J",surname:"Hsiao",fullName:"Susan Hsiao",slug:"susan-hsiao"}]},{id:"33379",type:"chapter",title:"Role of Pharmacogenetics in Gastrointestinal Cancer",slug:"role-of-pharmacogenetics-in-gastrointestinal-cancer",totalDownloads:2448,totalCrossrefCites:0,signatures:"Suayib Yalcin",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"80128",title:"Prof.",name:"Suayib",middleName:null,surname:"Yalcin",fullName:"Suayib Yalcin",slug:"suayib-yalcin"}]},{id:"33380",type:"chapter",title:"Pharmacogenomics of Thiopurine S-Methyltransferase: Clinical Applicability of Genetic Variants",slug:"pharmacogenomics-of-thiopurine-s-methyltransferase-clinical-applicability-of-genetic-variants",totalDownloads:2281,totalCrossrefCites:1,signatures:"Sonja Pavlovic, Branka Zukic and Gordana Nikcevic",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"67195",title:"Dr.",name:"Sonja",middleName:null,surname:"Pavlovic",fullName:"Sonja Pavlovic",slug:"sonja-pavlovic"},{id:"73795",title:"Dr.",name:"Branka",middleName:null,surname:"Zukic",fullName:"Branka Zukic",slug:"branka-zukic"},{id:"73796",title:"Dr.",name:"Gordana",middleName:null,surname:"Nikcevic",fullName:"Gordana Nikcevic",slug:"gordana-nikcevic"}]},{id:"33381",type:"chapter",title:"S-Adenosylmethionine: A Novel Factor in the Individualization of Thiopurine Therapy",slug:"s-adenosylmethionine-a-novel-factor-in-the-individualization-of-thiopurine-therapy-",totalDownloads:3988,totalCrossrefCites:0,signatures:"Irena Mlinaric-Rascan, Miha Milek, Alenka Smid and Natasa Karas Kuzelicki",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"68756",title:"Prof.",name:"Irena",middleName:null,surname:"Mlinaric-Rascan",fullName:"Irena Mlinaric-Rascan",slug:"irena-mlinaric-rascan"},{id:"74065",title:"Dr.",name:"Miha",middleName:null,surname:"Milek",fullName:"Miha Milek",slug:"miha-milek"},{id:"74066",title:"Prof.",name:"Natasa",middleName:null,surname:"Karas Kuzelicki",fullName:"Natasa Karas Kuzelicki",slug:"natasa-karas-kuzelicki"},{id:"74068",title:"MSc.",name:"Alenka",middleName:null,surname:"Smid",fullName:"Alenka Smid",slug:"alenka-smid"}]},{id:"33382",type:"chapter",title:"Current Status of Pharmacogenetics in Antithrombotic Drug Therapy",slug:"current-status-of-pharmacogenetics-in-antithrombotic-drug-therapy-",totalDownloads:3029,totalCrossrefCites:0,signatures:"Eva Gak and Rivka Inzelberg",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"73949",title:"Dr.",name:"Eva",middleName:null,surname:"Gak",fullName:"Eva Gak",slug:"eva-gak"},{id:"74556",title:"Prof.",name:"Rivka",middleName:null,surname:"Inzelberg",fullName:"Rivka Inzelberg",slug:"rivka-inzelberg"}]},{id:"33383",type:"chapter",title:"Clinical Implications of Genetic Admixture in Hispanic Puerto Ricans: Impact on the Pharmacogenetics of CYP2C19 and PON1",slug:"clinical-implications-of-genetic-admixture-in-hispanic-puerto-ricans-impact-on-the-pharmacogenetics-",totalDownloads:2690,totalCrossrefCites:2,signatures:"Jorge Duconge, Odalys Escalera, Mohan Korchela and Gualberto Ruaño",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"74436",title:"Dr.",name:"Jorge",middleName:null,surname:"Duconge",fullName:"Jorge Duconge",slug:"jorge-duconge"},{id:"74439",title:"BSc.",name:"Odalys",middleName:null,surname:"Escalera",fullName:"Odalys Escalera",slug:"odalys-escalera"}]},{id:"33384",type:"chapter",title:"Neuropharmacogenetics of Major Depression: Has the Time Come to Take both Sexes into Account?",slug:"neuropharmacogenetics-of-major-depression-has-the-time-come-to-take-both-sexes-into-account-",totalDownloads:2232,totalCrossrefCites:0,signatures:"Pothitos M. Pitychoutis, Despina Sanoudou, Christina Dalla and Zeta Papadopoulou-Daifoti",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"65710",title:"Dr.",name:"Despina",middleName:null,surname:"Sanoudou",fullName:"Despina Sanoudou",slug:"despina-sanoudou"},{id:"67375",title:"Prof.",name:"Zeta",middleName:null,surname:"Papadopoulou-Daifoti",fullName:"Zeta Papadopoulou-Daifoti",slug:"zeta-papadopoulou-daifoti"},{id:"74719",title:"Dr.",name:"Pothitos",middleName:null,surname:"Pitychoutis",fullName:"Pothitos Pitychoutis",slug:"pothitos-pitychoutis"},{id:"74722",title:"Dr.",name:"Christina",middleName:null,surname:"Dalla",fullName:"Christina Dalla",slug:"christina-dalla"}]},{id:"33385",type:"chapter",title:"Pharmacogenetics of Asthma",slug:"pharmacogenetics-of-asthma",totalDownloads:4936,totalCrossrefCites:0,signatures:"Andrzej Mariusz Fal and Marta Rosiek-Biegus",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"68913",title:"Prof.",name:"Andrzej M.",middleName:null,surname:"Fal",fullName:"Andrzej M. Fal",slug:"andrzej-m.-fal"},{id:"136211",title:"Dr.",name:"Marta",middleName:null,surname:"Rosiek-Biegus",fullName:"Marta Rosiek-Biegus",slug:"marta-rosiek-biegus"}]},{id:"33386",type:"chapter",title:"Pharmacogenomics in Gastroenterology",slug:"pharmacogenomics-in-gastroenterology",totalDownloads:2311,totalCrossrefCites:0,signatures:"Maria Ana Redal, Waldo Horacio Belloso, Paula Scibona, Leonardo Garfi and Santiago Isolabella",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"74766",title:"Prof.",name:"Maria Ana",middleName:null,surname:"Redal",fullName:"Maria Ana Redal",slug:"maria-ana-redal"},{id:"133683",title:"Dr.",name:"Waldo Horacio",middleName:null,surname:"Belloso",fullName:"Waldo Horacio Belloso",slug:"waldo-horacio-belloso"},{id:"133687",title:"Dr.",name:"Paula",middleName:null,surname:"Scibona",fullName:"Paula Scibona",slug:"paula-scibona"},{id:"133688",title:"Dr.",name:"Leonardo Guillermo",middleName:null,surname:"Garfi",fullName:"Leonardo Guillermo Garfi",slug:"leonardo-guillermo-garfi"},{id:"133692",title:"Dr.",name:"Santiago",middleName:null,surname:"Isolabella",fullName:"Santiago Isolabella",slug:"santiago-isolabella"}]},{id:"33387",type:"chapter",title:"The Pharmacogenetics of the Antimalarial Amodiaquine",slug:"the-pharmacogenetics-of-the-antimalarial-amodiaquine",totalDownloads:2074,totalCrossrefCites:0,signatures:"José Pedro Gil",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"67480",title:"Dr.",name:"José Pedro",middleName:null,surname:"Gil",fullName:"José Pedro Gil",slug:"jose-pedro-gil"}]},{id:"33388",type:"chapter",title:"Pharmacogenetics and Obstetric Anesthesia and Analgesia",slug:"pharmacogenetics-in-obstetric-anaesthesia-and-analgesia",totalDownloads:3059,totalCrossrefCites:0,signatures:"C. Ortner, C. Ciliberto and R. Landau",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"79679",title:"Prof.",name:"RUth",middleName:null,surname:"Landau",fullName:"RUth Landau",slug:"ruth-landau"}]},{id:"33389",type:"chapter",title:"Beyond Pharmacogenetics",slug:"beyond-pharmacogenetics",totalDownloads:2153,totalCrossrefCites:0,signatures:"Roberto Canaparo",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"64577",title:"Dr.",name:"Roberto",middleName:null,surname:"Canaparo",fullName:"Roberto Canaparo",slug:"roberto-canaparo"}]}]},relatedBooks:[{type:"book",id:"1785",title:"Pharmacology",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"b348683369ba1d19f0384156a871dc06",slug:"pharmacology",bookSignature:"Luca Gallelli",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/1785.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"79424",title:"Dr.",name:"Luca",surname:"Gallelli",slug:"luca-gallelli",fullName:"Luca Gallelli"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"},chapters:[{id:"32118",title:"Metabotropic Receptors for Glutamate and GABA",slug:"metabotropic-receptors-for-glutamate-and-gaba",signatures:"Gregory Stewart, Julie Kniazeff, Laurent Prézeau, Philippe Rondard, Jean-Philippe Pin and Cyril Goudet",authors:[{id:"91681",title:"Dr.",name:"Cyril",middleName:null,surname:"Goudet",fullName:"Cyril Goudet",slug:"cyril-goudet"},{id:"98666",title:"Dr.",name:"Gregory",middleName:null,surname:"Stewart",fullName:"Gregory Stewart",slug:"gregory-stewart"},{id:"98668",title:"Dr.",name:"Julie",middleName:null,surname:"Kniazeff",fullName:"Julie Kniazeff",slug:"julie-kniazeff"},{id:"98670",title:"Dr.",name:"Philippe",middleName:null,surname:"Rondard",fullName:"Philippe Rondard",slug:"philippe-rondard"},{id:"98671",title:"Dr.",name:"Laurent",middleName:null,surname:"Prezeau",fullName:"Laurent Prezeau",slug:"laurent-prezeau"},{id:"98672",title:"Dr.",name:"Jean-Philippe",middleName:null,surname:"Pin",fullName:"Jean-Philippe Pin",slug:"jean-philippe-pin"}]},{id:"32119",title:"Interactions Between Glutamate Receptors and TRPV1 Involved in Nociceptive Processing at Peripheral Endings of Primary Afferent Fibers",slug:"interactions-between-glutamate-receptors-and-trpv1-involved-in-nociceptive-processing-at-peripheral-",signatures:"You-Hong Jin, Motohide Takemura, Akira Furuyama and Norifumi Yonehara",authors:[{id:"98709",title:"Prof.",name:"Norifumi",middleName:null,surname:"Yonehara",fullName:"Norifumi Yonehara",slug:"norifumi-yonehara"},{id:"130000",title:"Dr.",name:"Motohide",middleName:null,surname:"Takemura",fullName:"Motohide Takemura",slug:"motohide-takemura"},{id:"130002",title:"Dr.",name:"Akira",middleName:null,surname:"Furuyama",fullName:"Akira Furuyama",slug:"akira-furuyama"},{id:"130003",title:"Dr.",name:"You-Hong",middleName:null,surname:"Jin",fullName:"You-Hong Jin",slug:"you-hong-jin"}]},{id:"32120",title:"Molecular Pharmacology of Nucleoside and Nucleotide HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors",slug:"molecular-pharmacology-of-nucleoside-and-nucleotide-hiv-1-reverse-transcriptase-inhibitors",signatures:"Brian D. Herman and Nicolas Sluis-Cremer",authors:[{id:"93406",title:"Dr",name:null,middleName:null,surname:"Sluis-Cremer",fullName:"Sluis-Cremer",slug:"sluis-cremer"},{id:"98024",title:"Mr.",name:"Brian",middleName:"D",surname:"Herman",fullName:"Brian Herman",slug:"brian-herman"}]},{id:"32121",title:"Opioid Kappa Receptor Selective Agonist TRK-820 (Nalfurafine Hydrochloride)",slug:"opioid-kappa-receptor-selective-agonist-trk-820-nalfurafine-hydrochloride-",signatures:"Hideaki Fujii, Shigeto Hirayama and Hiroshi Nagase",authors:[{id:"93890",title:"Dr.",name:"Hideaki",middleName:null,surname:"Fujii",fullName:"Hideaki Fujii",slug:"hideaki-fujii"},{id:"93893",title:"Prof.",name:"Hiroshi",middleName:null,surname:"Nagase",fullName:"Hiroshi Nagase",slug:"hiroshi-nagase"},{id:"93896",title:"Mr.",name:"Shigeto",middleName:null,surname:"Hirayama",fullName:"Shigeto Hirayama",slug:"shigeto-hirayama"}]},{id:"32122",title:"The Cannabinoid 1 Receptor and Progenitor Cells in the Adult Central Nervous System",slug:"the-cannabinoid-1-receptor-and-progenitor-cells-in-the-adult-central-nervous-system",signatures:"Alexandra Sideris, Thomas Blanck and Esperanza Recio-Pinto",authors:[{id:"93333",title:"Dr.",name:"Esperanza",middleName:null,surname:"Recio-Pinto",fullName:"Esperanza Recio-Pinto",slug:"esperanza-recio-pinto"},{id:"128987",title:"Dr.",name:"Alexandra",middleName:null,surname:"Sideris",fullName:"Alexandra Sideris",slug:"alexandra-sideris"},{id:"128988",title:"Dr.",name:"Thomas JJ",middleName:null,surname:"Blanck",fullName:"Thomas JJ Blanck",slug:"thomas-jj-blanck"}]},{id:"32123",title:"Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Alpha (PPAR) Agonists: A Potential Tool for a Healthy Aging Brain",slug:"peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor-alpha-ppar-agonist-a-potential-tool-for-healthy-brain-agi",signatures:"Jennifer Tremblay-Mercier",authors:[{id:"89972",title:"MSc.",name:"Jennifer",middleName:null,surname:"Tremblay-Mercier",fullName:"Jennifer Tremblay-Mercier",slug:"jennifer-tremblay-mercier"}]},{id:"32124",title:"The Influence of Cyclophosphamide on Immune Function of Murine Macrophages",slug:"the-influence-of-cyclophosphamide-on-immune-function-of-murine-macrophages",signatures:"Krzysztof Bryniarski",authors:[{id:"93096",title:"Dr.",name:"Krzysztof",middleName:null,surname:"Bryniarski",fullName:"Krzysztof Bryniarski",slug:"krzysztof-bryniarski"}]},{id:"32125",title:"Modification of Interleukin-10 with Mannose-6-Phosphate Groups Yields a Liver-Specific Cytokine with Antifibrotic Activity in Rats",slug:"modification-of-interleukin-10-with-mannose-6-phosphate-groups-yields-a-liver-specific-cytokine-with",signatures:"Heni Rachmawati, Adriana Mattos, Catharina Reker-Smit, Klaas Poelstra and Leonie Beljaars",authors:[{id:"95519",title:"Dr.",name:"Leonie",middleName:null,surname:"Beljaars",fullName:"Leonie Beljaars",slug:"leonie-beljaars"},{id:"95529",title:"Dr.",name:"Heni",middleName:null,surname:"Rachmawati",fullName:"Heni Rachmawati",slug:"heni-rachmawati"},{id:"95531",title:"Dr.",name:"Klaas",middleName:null,surname:"Poelstra",fullName:"Klaas Poelstra",slug:"klaas-poelstra"},{id:"95533",title:"Mrs.",name:"Catharina",middleName:null,surname:"Reker-Smit",fullName:"Catharina Reker-Smit",slug:"catharina-reker-smit"},{id:"95537",title:"MSc.",name:"Adriana",middleName:null,surname:"Mattos-Pinto",fullName:"Adriana Mattos-Pinto",slug:"adriana-mattos-pinto"}]},{id:"32126",title:"Pharmacogenetics: The Scientific Basis",slug:"pharmacogenetics-the-scientific-basis",signatures:"Bosun Banjoko",authors:[{id:"64911",title:"Dr.",name:"Bosun",middleName:null,surname:"Banjoko",fullName:"Bosun Banjoko",slug:"bosun-banjoko"}]},{id:"32127",title:"Future of Pharmacogenetics in Cardiovascular Diseases",slug:"future-of-pharmacogenetics-in-cardiovascular-diseases",signatures:"Rianne M.F. Van Schie, Talitha I. Verhoef, Anke-Hilse Maitland-Van Der Zee, Anthonius de Boer, Tom Schalekamp, Felix J.M. Van Der Meer, William K. Redekop and Rahber Thariani",authors:[{id:"70407",title:"Dr.",name:"Anke-Hilse",middleName:null,surname:"Maitland-Van Der Zee",fullName:"Anke-Hilse Maitland-Van Der Zee",slug:"anke-hilse-maitland-van-der-zee"},{id:"124195",title:"MSc.",name:"Rianne",middleName:null,surname:"Van Schie",fullName:"Rianne Van Schie",slug:"rianne-van-schie"},{id:"133494",title:"Dr.",name:null,middleName:null,surname:"Verhoef",fullName:"Verhoef",slug:"verhoef"}]},{id:"32128",title:"Warfarin Enantiomers Pharmacokinetics by CYP2C19",slug:"the-effect-of-cyp2c19-genotypes-on-the-pharmacokinetics-of-warfarin-enantiomers",signatures:"Yumiko Akamine and Tsukasa Uno",authors:[{id:"101507",title:"Prof.",name:"Tsukasa",middleName:null,surname:"Uno",fullName:"Tsukasa Uno",slug:"tsukasa-uno"}]},{id:"32129",title:"Pharmacogenetics - A Treatment Strategy for Alcoholism",slug:"pharmacogenetics-a-treatment-strategy-for-alcoholism",signatures:"Anjana Munshi and Vandana Sharma",authors:[{id:"97021",title:"Dr.",name:"Anjana",middleName:null,surname:"Munshi",fullName:"Anjana Munshi",slug:"anjana-munshi"}]},{id:"32130",title:"Pharmacological Approaches to Improve Ageing",slug:"pharmacological-approaches-to-improve-ageing",signatures:"Pedro J. Camello, Cristina Camello-Almaraz and Maria J. Pozo",authors:[{id:"95191",title:"Prof.",name:"Maria",middleName:null,surname:"Pozo",fullName:"Maria Pozo",slug:"maria-pozo"},{id:"95209",title:"Prof.",name:"Pedro J",middleName:null,surname:"Camello",fullName:"Pedro J Camello",slug:"pedro-j-camello"},{id:"95211",title:"Prof.",name:"Cristina",middleName:null,surname:"Camello-Almaraz",fullName:"Cristina Camello-Almaraz",slug:"cristina-camello-almaraz"}]},{id:"32131",title:"Pharmacological Neuromodulation in Autism Spectrum Disorders",slug:"pharmacological-neuromodulation-in-autism-spectrum-disorders",signatures:"Bill J. Duke",authors:[{id:"74914",title:"Dr.",name:"Bill",middleName:"J.",surname:"Duke",fullName:"Bill Duke",slug:"bill-duke"}]},{id:"32132",title:"Pharmacology of Hormone Replacement Therapy in Menopause",slug:"pharmacology-of-hormone-replacement-therapy-in-menopause-",signatures:"Adela Voican, Bruno Francou, Liliana Novac, Nathalie Chabbert-Buffet, Marianne Canonico, Geri Meduri, Marc Lombes, Pierre-Yves Scarabin, Jacques Young, Anne Guiochon-Mantel and Jérôme Bouligand",authors:[{id:"92263",title:"Dr.",name:"Jérôme",middleName:null,surname:"Bouligand",fullName:"Jérôme Bouligand",slug:"jerome-bouligand"},{id:"98253",title:"Dr.",name:"Adela",middleName:null,surname:"Voican",fullName:"Adela Voican",slug:"adela-voican"},{id:"98254",title:"Mr.",name:"Bruno",middleName:null,surname:"Francou",fullName:"Bruno Francou",slug:"bruno-francou"},{id:"98261",title:"Prof.",name:"Nathalie",middleName:null,surname:"Chabbert-Buffet",fullName:"Nathalie Chabbert-Buffet",slug:"nathalie-chabbert-buffet"},{id:"98264",title:"Dr.",name:"Marianne",middleName:null,surname:"Canonico",fullName:"Marianne Canonico",slug:"marianne-canonico"},{id:"98267",title:"Dr.",name:"Geri",middleName:null,surname:"Meduri",fullName:"Geri Meduri",slug:"geri-meduri"},{id:"98270",title:"Dr.",name:"Marc",middleName:null,surname:"Lombès",fullName:"Marc Lombès",slug:"marc-lombes"},{id:"98272",title:"Dr.",name:"Pierre-Yves",middleName:null,surname:"Scarabin",fullName:"Pierre-Yves Scarabin",slug:"pierre-yves-scarabin"},{id:"98275",title:"Prof.",name:"Jacques",middleName:null,surname:"Young",fullName:"Jacques Young",slug:"jacques-young"},{id:"98276",title:"Prof.",name:"Anne",middleName:null,surname:"Guiochon-Mantel",fullName:"Anne Guiochon-Mantel",slug:"anne-guiochon-mantel"},{id:"98280",title:"Prof.",name:"Liliana",middleName:null,surname:"Novac",fullName:"Liliana Novac",slug:"liliana-novac"}]},{id:"32133",title:"A Multi-Level Analysis of World Scientific Output in Pharmacology",slug:"a-multilevel-analysis-of-scientific-output-in-pharmacology",signatures:"Carlos Olmeda-Gómez, Ma-Antonia Ovalle-Perandones and Antonio Perianes-Rodríguez",authors:[{id:"97536",title:"Dr.",name:"Ma-Antonia",middleName:null,surname:"Ovalle-Perandones",fullName:"Ma-Antonia Ovalle-Perandones",slug:"ma-antonia-ovalle-perandones"},{id:"97706",title:"Dr.",name:"Carlos",middleName:null,surname:"Olmeda-Gomez",fullName:"Carlos Olmeda-Gomez",slug:"carlos-olmeda-gomez"},{id:"97708",title:"Dr.",name:"Antonio",middleName:null,surname:"Perianes-Rodriguez",fullName:"Antonio Perianes-Rodriguez",slug:"antonio-perianes-rodriguez"}]},{id:"32134",title:"Mephedrone-Related Fatalities in the United Kingdom: Contextual, Clinical and Practical Issues",slug:"mephedrone-related-fatalities-in-the-united-kingdom-contextual-clinical-and-practical-issues",signatures:"John M. Corkery, Fabrizio Schifano and A. Hamid Ghodse",authors:[{id:"93283",title:"Prof.",name:"Fabrizio",middleName:null,surname:"Schifano",fullName:"Fabrizio Schifano",slug:"fabrizio-schifano"},{id:"130833",title:"Mr.",name:"John",middleName:"Martin",surname:"Corkery",fullName:"John Corkery",slug:"john-corkery"},{id:"130835",title:"Prof.",name:"A. Hamid",middleName:null,surname:"Ghodse",fullName:"A. Hamid Ghodse",slug:"a.-hamid-ghodse"}]},{id:"32135",title:"Novel Strategies in Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury",slug:"novel-strategies-in-drug-induced-acute-kidney-injury",signatures:"Alberto Lázaro, Sonia Camaño, Blanca Humanes and Alberto Tejedor",authors:[{id:"90063",title:"Prof.",name:"Alberto",middleName:null,surname:"Tejedor",fullName:"Alberto Tejedor",slug:"alberto-tejedor"},{id:"97470",title:"Dr.",name:"Alberto",middleName:null,surname:"Lázaro",fullName:"Alberto Lázaro",slug:"alberto-lazaro"},{id:"127189",title:"Dr.",name:"Sonia",middleName:null,surname:"Camaño",fullName:"Sonia Camaño",slug:"sonia-camano"},{id:"127190",title:"BSc.",name:"Blanca",middleName:null,surname:"Humanes",fullName:"Blanca Humanes",slug:"blanca-humanes"}]},{id:"32136",title:"Chemical and Physical Enhancers for Transdermal Drug Delivery",slug:"chemical-and-physical-enhancers-for-transdermal-drug-delivery",signatures:"José Juan Escobar-Chávez, Isabel Marlen Rodríguez-Cruz and Clara Luisa Domínguez-Delgado",authors:[{id:"94423",title:"Dr.",name:"Jose",middleName:"Juan",surname:"Escobar-Chavez",fullName:"Jose Escobar-Chavez",slug:"jose-escobar-chavez"},{id:"94424",title:"Dr.",name:"Isabel Marlen",middleName:null,surname:"Rodriguez-Cruz",fullName:"Isabel Marlen Rodriguez-Cruz",slug:"isabel-marlen-rodriguez-cruz"},{id:"94426",title:"Dr.",name:"Clara Luisa",middleName:null,surname:"Dominguez-Delgado",fullName:"Clara Luisa Dominguez-Delgado",slug:"clara-luisa-dominguez-delgado"}]},{id:"32137",title:"Application of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry",slug:"application-of-matrix-assisted-laser-desorption-ionization-imaging-mass-spectrometry-for-pharmacolog",signatures:"Nobuhiro Zaima",authors:[{id:"90283",title:"Dr.",name:"Nobuhiro",middleName:null,surname:"Zaima",fullName:"Nobuhiro Zaima",slug:"nobuhiro-zaima"}]},{id:"32138",title:"Closed-Loop Control of Anaesthetic Effect",slug:"closed-loop-control-of-anesthetic-effect",signatures:"Santiago Torres, Juan A. Méndez, Héctor Reboso, José A. Reboso and Ana León",authors:[{id:"113505",title:"Dr.",name:"Juan",middleName:"Albino",surname:"Méndez",fullName:"Juan Méndez",slug:"juan-mendez"},{id:"127893",title:"Dr.",name:"Santiago",middleName:null,surname:"Torres",fullName:"Santiago Torres",slug:"santiago-torres"},{id:"135482",title:"Mr.",name:"Héctor",middleName:null,surname:"Reboso",fullName:"Héctor Reboso",slug:"hector-reboso"},{id:"135483",title:"Mr.",name:"José Antonio",middleName:null,surname:"Reboso",fullName:"José Antonio Reboso",slug:"jose-antonio-reboso"},{id:"135484",title:"Ms.",name:"Ana",middleName:null,surname:"León",fullName:"Ana León",slug:"ana-leon"}]},{id:"32139",title:"The Influence of Displacement by Human Groups Among Regions in the Medicinal Use of Natural Resource: A Case Study in Diadema, São Paulo - Brazil",slug:"the-influence-of-the-displacement-between-regions-in-the-medicinal-use-of-natural-resources-by-human",signatures:"Daniel Garcia and Lin Chau Ming",authors:[{id:"88003",title:"Mr.",name:"Daniel",middleName:null,surname:"Garcia",fullName:"Daniel Garcia",slug:"daniel-garcia"},{id:"129948",title:"Dr.",name:"Lin Chau",middleName:null,surname:"Ming",fullName:"Lin Chau Ming",slug:"lin-chau-ming"}]},{id:"32140",title:"Unconventional Raw Natural Sustainable Sources for Obtaining Pharmacological Principles Potentially Active on CNS Through Catalytic, Ecologically Clean, Processes",slug:"unconventional-raw-natural-sustainable-sources-for-obtaining-pharmacological-principles-potentially-",signatures:"Yanier Nuñez Figueredo, Juan E. Tacoronte Morales, Alicia Lagarto Parra, Olinka Tiomno Tiomnova, Jorge Tobella Sabater and Jorge Leyva Simeon",authors:[{id:"97465",title:"Prof.",name:"Juan Enrique",middleName:null,surname:"Tacoronte Morales",fullName:"Juan Enrique Tacoronte Morales",slug:"juan-enrique-tacoronte-morales"}]},{id:"32141",title:"Elucidating the Role of Biliverdin Reductase in the Expression of Heme Oxygenase-1 as a Cytoprotective Response to Stress",slug:"elucidating-the-cytoprotective-roles-of-biliverdin-reductase-and-heme-oxygenase-1-in-the-cellular-re",signatures:"James R. Reed",authors:[{id:"97527",title:"Dr.",name:"James",middleName:null,surname:"Reed",fullName:"James Reed",slug:"james-reed"}]},{id:"32142",title:"Antibothropic Action of Camellia sinensis Extract Against the Neuromuscular Blockade by Bothrops jararacussu Snake Venom and Its Main Toxin, Bothropstoxin-I",slug:"antibothropic-action-of-camellia-sinensis-extract-against-the-neuromuscular-blockade-of-bothrops-jar",signatures:"Yoko Oshima-Franco, Luana de Jesus Reis Rosa, Gleidy Ana Araujo Silva, Jorge Amaral Filho, Magali Glauzer Silva, Patricia Santos Lopes,\r\nJosé Carlos Cogo, Adélia Cristina Oliveira Cintra and Maria Alice da Cruz-Höfling",authors:[{id:"96602",title:"Prof.",name:"Yoko",middleName:null,surname:"Oshima-Franco",fullName:"Yoko Oshima-Franco",slug:"yoko-oshima-franco"}]},{id:"32143",title:"The Effects of Viscum album (Mistletoe) QuFrF Extract and Vincristine in Human Multiple Myeloma Cell Lines - A Comparative Experimental Study Using Several and Different Parameters",slug:"the-effects-of-viscum-album-mistletoe-qufrf-extract-and-vincristine-in-human-multiple-myeloma-cell-l",signatures:"Eva Kovacs",authors:[{id:"85928",title:"Dr.",name:"Eva",middleName:null,surname:"Kovacs",fullName:"Eva Kovacs",slug:"eva-kovacs"}]},{id:"32144",title:"Ethanol Toxicity in the Brain: Alteration of Astroglial Cell Function",slug:"ethanol-toxicity-in-the-brain-alteration-of-astroglial-cell-function",signatures:"Metoda Lipnik-Štangelj",authors:[{id:"86771",title:"Prof.",name:"Metoda",middleName:null,surname:"Lipnik-Stangelj",fullName:"Metoda Lipnik-Stangelj",slug:"metoda-lipnik-stangelj"}]},{id:"32145",title:"The Involvement of Purinergic System in Pain: Adenosine Receptors and Inosine as Pharmacological Tools in Future Treatments",slug:"the-involvement-of-the-purinergic-system-in-pain-adenosine-receptors-and-inosine-as-pharmacological-",signatures:"Francisney Pinto Nascimento, Sérgio José Macedo Jr. and Adair Roberto Soares Santos",authors:[{id:"96935",title:"Dr.",name:"Adair",middleName:"R S",surname:"Santos",fullName:"Adair Santos",slug:"adair-santos"},{id:"97981",title:"MSc",name:"Francisney",middleName:"Pinto",surname:"Nascimento",fullName:"Francisney Nascimento",slug:"francisney-nascimento"},{id:"97983",title:"BSc.",name:"Sergio",middleName:null,surname:"Macedo-Junior",fullName:"Sergio Macedo-Junior",slug:"sergio-macedo-junior"}]},{id:"32146",title:"Therapeutic Organometallic Compounds",slug:"therapeutic-organometallic-compounds-",signatures:"Beril Anilanmert",authors:[{id:"97418",title:"Associate Prof.",name:"Beril",middleName:null,surname:"Anilanmert",fullName:"Beril Anilanmert",slug:"beril-anilanmert"}]},{id:"32147",title:"Aging: Drugs to Eliminate Methylglyoxal, a Reactive Glucose Metabolite, and Advanced Glycation Endproducts",slug:"aging-drugs-to-eliminate-methylglyoxal-a-reactive-glucose-metabolite-and-advanced-glycation-endprodu",signatures:"Indu Dhar and Kaushik Desai",authors:[{id:"99699",title:"Dr.",name:"Kaushik",middleName:null,surname:"Desai",fullName:"Kaushik Desai",slug:"kaushik-desai"},{id:"129303",title:"Ms.",name:"Indu",middleName:null,surname:"Dhar",fullName:"Indu Dhar",slug:"indu-dhar"}]},{id:"32148",title:"Ethanol Interference on Adenosine System",slug:"ethanol-interference-on-adenosine-system",signatures:"Silvânia Vasconcelos, Sarah Escudeiro, Ana Luíza Martin, Paula Soares, Antônio Vieira Filho, Larissa Silva, Kátia Cilene Dias, Danielle Macêdo, Francisca Cléa Sousa and Marta Fonteles",authors:[{id:"97077",title:"Dr.",name:"Silvania",middleName:null,surname:"Vasconcelos",fullName:"Silvania Vasconcelos",slug:"silvania-vasconcelos"},{id:"99930",title:"MSc.",name:"Sarah",middleName:null,surname:"Escudeiro",fullName:"Sarah Escudeiro",slug:"sarah-escudeiro"},{id:"99931",title:"Dr.",name:"Paula",middleName:null,surname:"Soares",fullName:"Paula Soares",slug:"paula-soares"},{id:"131550",title:"MSc.",name:"Ana Luíza",middleName:null,surname:"Martin",fullName:"Ana Luíza Martin",slug:"ana-luiza-martin"},{id:"131552",title:"BSc.",name:"Kátia",middleName:null,surname:"Dias",fullName:"Kátia Dias",slug:"katia-dias"},{id:"131566",title:"Dr.",name:"Manoel Cláudio",middleName:null,surname:"Patrocínio",fullName:"Manoel Cláudio Patrocínio",slug:"manoel-claudio-patrocinio"},{id:"131633",title:"Ms.",name:"Antônio",middleName:null,surname:"Vieira Filho",fullName:"Antônio Vieira Filho",slug:"antonio-vieira-filho"},{id:"131635",title:"Ms.",name:"Larissa",middleName:null,surname:"Silva",fullName:"Larissa Silva",slug:"larissa-silva"},{id:"131637",title:"Dr.",name:"Danielle",middleName:null,surname:"Macedo",fullName:"Danielle Macedo",slug:"danielle-macedo"},{id:"149360",title:"Dr.",name:"Francisca Clea",middleName:null,surname:"Sousa",fullName:"Francisca Clea Sousa",slug:"francisca-clea-sousa"},{id:"149361",title:"Dr.",name:"Marta",middleName:null,surname:"Fonteles",fullName:"Marta Fonteles",slug:"marta-fonteles"}]}]}],publishedBooks:[{type:"book",id:"10578",title:"Pharmacogenetics",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"ca2bc2ff6e15a7b735d662d9664086b1",slug:"pharmacogenetics",bookSignature:"Islam A. Khalil",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10578.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"226598",title:"Dr.",name:"Islam",surname:"A. Khalil",slug:"islam-a.-khalil",fullName:"Islam A. Khalil"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}}],publishedBooksByAuthor:[]},onlineFirst:{chapter:{type:"chapter",id:"79383",title:"Landslide Inventory, Susceptibility, Hazard and Risk Mapping",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.100504",slug:"landslide-inventory-susceptibility-hazard-and-risk-mapping",body:'Landslide inventory, susceptibility, hazard, and risk mapping may be a complex job thanks to a good spectrum of conditioning and triggering factors, lack of record data, and non-uniqueness of mapping methods. As a result, a geologist’s participation in landslide inventory, susceptibility, hazard, and risk mapping is critical. In landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk mapping, mapping and analysis of previous and active landslide incidence are demanding tasks that can be used for landslide prevention and mitigation. Landslide disaster prevention and mitigation will not be effective unless the landslide-prone area is correctly mapped [1]. Landslides can bury animals and persons; demolish houses, farms, and infrastructures in a short amount of time [2] and Wubalem [3]. Hong et al. [2], Wubalem [4] are stated that within a short period, landslides can bury animals and humans, destroy houses, farms, and infrastructures. Landslide is one of the foremost destructive and dangerous natural hazards that cause numerous fatalities and economic losses worldwide [2, 5, 6, 7]. Therefore, landslide inventory, susceptibility, hazard, and risk mapping and assessment are vital to disaster loss reduction and function as a suggestion for sustainable land use planning.
The extenuation actions of landslide incidence within the planet are required determination of the causal factors, identification of prevailing landslides, and generation of landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk map [8]. Landslide inventory mapping is extremely important to work out landslide type, failure mechanism, spatial distribution, and size in a given region. Landslide inventory is also important for landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk mapping. Chen and Wang [9] explained that susceptibility, hazard, and risk maps of landslides are the results of the statistical relationship in between landslide governing factors and preexisting landslides. Susceptibility, hazard, and risk map of landslides are imperative for scientific support of the government’s response to land use practice and landslide hazards management [9, 10]. The landslide susceptibility or hazard mapping is not only to determine the factors that are most influential to the landslides that occurred within the region but also to appraisal the comparative influence of every landslide governing factors [9]. As stated by Chen and Wang [9], landslide susceptibility or hazard mapping is also significant to inaugurate an association between the factors and landslides to foresee the landslide hazard in the future. As a result, extensive and accurate landslide inventory mapping, as well as the creation of landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk maps, is critical. Although the reason for landslide incidence and its mechanisms are so complex, human interventions, earthquakes, and heavy rainfall can trigger it. As Kifle [11]; Wubalem and Meten [4] stated that landslide incidence can also occur when the resistance force exceeds by driving force thanks to the destabilization of natural soil or rock slopes. This chapter is provided a summary of the sort of landslide type, factor, landslide inventory, landslide susceptibility, hazard, risk mapping, and validation approaches.
Landslide is that the movement of the mass of rock, debris, and earth downslope [12, 13, 14, 15]. Landslides are also defined as an outsized range of geotechnical phenomena under the influence of gravity. On another hand, a landslide is that the type of mass wasting activity that denotes any outward or downslope movement of soil and rock under the direct influence of gravity when the drive exceeds the resistance force of a slope [13, 14, 16]. These masses may range in size from card to entire mountainsides. Their movements may vary in velocities. Landslide as a geological hazard is caused by earthquake or eruption, rainfall, and act. This is often initiated when an area of a hill slope or sloping section of the seabed is rendered weak to support its weight. It is one of the foremost destructive natural hazards triggered by natural and man-made factors like an earthquake, rainfall [17], and act like an improper/poor quarry, and road construction/inadequate maintenance in mountainous terrain [18].
In geohazard mapping, susceptibility/vulnerability, hazard, and risk mapping are the foremost important activities to understand, mapping, and evaluating the spatiotemporal condition and level of risk because of geo-hazards. These terms have different meanings but some researchers use the terms interchangeably. Susceptibility refers to the probability of occurrence of an event within a selected type during a given location whereas hazard refers to the probability of occurrence of an event within a selected type and magnitude during a given location within a reference period. This means, susceptibility is usually used to predict the spatial occurrence of events, but the hazard is usually used to predict the spatiotemporal occurrence of events during a given terrain. The term risk refers to the expected losses or damage by events during a given region, which are the products of susceptibility, hazard, and elements in peril. Vulnerability means the degree of loss to a given element of the set of elements in peril resulting from the occurrence of natural phenomena of a given magnitude. It is expressed on a scale from 0 (no damage) to 1 (total damage). Elements at risk is potentially vulnerable of properties, population, and economic activities including public services in peril during a given area.
Landslides are usually classified based on the materials involved (rocks, debris, and soils) and on their mechanism and failure (Table 1). Other factors include groundwater content and the rate and dimension of the movement. Classifying and studying this phenomenon is important to manage damages because of the landslide. Classification of the landslide is the primary step to investigate landslides. According to Varnes [13, 19], landslides are classified based on the types of material, mode of movement, landslide activity, the rate of movement, depth, the magnitude of slide and moisture content.
Movement type | Slope material type | Source | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bedrock | Soil mass in failed slope | [13] | |||
Principal coarse | Principal fine | [13] | |||
Topples | Rock topple | Debris topple | Earth topple | [13] | |
Fall | Rock fall | Debris fall | Earth fall | [13] | |
Lateral spread | Rock spread | Debris spread | Earth spread | [13] | |
Slide | Translational slide | Rockslide | Debris slide | Earth slide | [13] |
Rotational slide | |||||
Flows | Rock flow (Deep creep) | Debris flow | Earth flow | [13] | |
Composite or complex Two or more principal types of movement in combination | [13] |
Landslide classifications based on material and types of movements [13].
Rotational landslides are more common in cohesive, homogeneous soils. The failure, which can be superficial or deep-rooted, occurs along curved surfaces concave upwards, having a shape of a spoon. Successive landslides occur mainly in stiff fissured clays with gradients similar to their angle of equilibrium and in soft very sensitive clays, where the initial landslide causes an accumulation of remolded clay, which as it flows, leaves the material higher up without support, so promoting successive failures. These failures are shallow but can have considerable lateral continuity [20]. Weak rock masses or those with a high degree of fracturing or weathering, where the structural discontinuities do not form preferred surfaces for failure may also suffer this type of successive landslides.
In translational slides, failure takes place along pre-existing planar surfaces or discontinuities (bedding planes, contact between different types of materials, structural surfaces, etc.) and sometimes the failure plane is a fine layer of clay material between more competent strata [20].
The sliding mass can be sometimes rectangular blocks that have been detached from the mass at discontinuities or tension cracks (block landslides). Translational slides generally move faster than rotational ones, because of their simple geometry of failure mechanism.
As defined by Vallejo and Ferrer [20], flows are mass movements of soil (mud or earth flows), debris (debris flows), or rock blocks (rock fragment flows) often with high water content, where the material behaves as a fluid undergoing continuous deformation but without having well-defined failure surfaces. Water is the main triggering factor because water decreases the strength of materials having low cohesion [20]. Flows mainly affect sensitive clay soils which show considerable loss of strength when mobilized; these movements are not very deep in their extent and develop on slopes <10°.
Mud or Earth flows occur in predominantly fine and homogeneous materials and may move at a speed of the many meters per second; the loss of strength is typically caused by water saturation. They are classified consistent with the sort of fabric, its strength, and its water content. Mudflows are generally small-scale and slow but sometimes especially in-saturated conditions, they are extensive and fast, with catastrophic consequences once they reach populated areas. Fine volcanic materials are particularly vulnerable to this sort of process.
Debris flows are complex movements, which include rock fragments, blocks, cobbles, and gravel in a fine-grained matrix of sands, silts, and clays. They occur on slopes covered with loose or non-consolidated material, especially where there is no vegetation cover.
Creep may be a very slow, almost imperceptible superficial movement (a few decimeters deep), which affects soils and weathered materials, causing continuous deformations that becomes progressively noticeable on slopes over time. This causes fences, walls, or posts to lean or offset and trees to be bent. Creep may be a time-dependent deformation and defines the deformational behavior of the fabric instead of the sort of movement.
Solifluction affects the saturated surface layer of slopes. This is often a slow movement produced by the freeze–thaw process because the daily or seasonal temperature variations change the water phase and water content of fine-grained soils in cold regions.
Rock falls are very quick free falls of rocks, which are dislodged from pre-existing discontinuity planes (tectonic, bedding surfaces, and tension cracks). The movement could also be by a vertical fall, by a series of bounces, or by rolling down the slope surface. They are common on steep slopes in mountainous areas, on cliffs, and generally, on rock walls and therefore the blocks are bounded by different sets of discontinuities often forming wedge-shaped blocks. The factors that cause rock falls include erosion and loss of support for previously loosened blocks in steep slopes, water pressures in discontinuities, and tension cracks and seismic shakes. Although the fallen blocks could also be relatively small in terms of volume, rock falls are sudden processes that pose a big risk to communication routes and buildings in mountainous zones and at the foot of steep slopes. Masses of soil can also fall from vertical natural and excavated slopes, thanks to the existence of tension cracks generated by tensional stresses or shrinkage cracks within the ground that has dried.
The toppling of strata or blocks of rock may be included in rock falls. Toppling occurs when the strata dip in the opposite direction to the slope and form naturally inclined blocks, which are free to rotate because of failure at the foot of the slope. Toppling tends to occur mainly on rocky slope faces, which intersect steeply dipping strata [20].
Rock avalanches are rapidly falling masses of rock and debris that detach themselves from steep slopes, sometimes amid ice or snow. The rock masses disintegrate during their fall and form deposits of very different block sizes and form deposits of very different block sizes, with no rounding from abrasion and chaotic distribution [20]. Rock avalanche deposits are unstructured and have great porosity [20]. Avalanches are generally the results of large-scale landslides or rock falls during which due to the steep gradient and therefore the lack of both structure and cohesion in their materials, travel down over steep slopes at great speed (up to 100 Km/h).
Debris avalanches are formed from rock material containing an excellent sort of sizes and should include large blocks and abundant fines [20]. Loose deposits and loose materials resulting from volcanic eruptions are susceptible to this process. The most difference with debris flows, aside from water content (which is not necessary for debris avalanches), is that the rate and speed of movement of the avalanche in areas of a steep gradient.
This sort of movement (also called lateral spreading) refers to the movement of rock blocks or coherent, cemented soil masses that rest on soft & deformable slopes. These movements are thanks to the loss of strength of the underlying material, which either flows or deformed under the load of the rigid blocks. Lateral spreading can also cause by liquefaction of the underlying material or by lateral extrusion of sentimental, wet clays under the load of the masses above them [20]. These movements occur on gentle slopes and should be very extensive.
Determining the states and distribution of landslides is extremely important to repair the consequences of landslides on infrastructures, lives, farmlands, and environments. The landslide are going to be found within the following different states of condition. Active landslide is currently moving. A suspended landslide has moved within the last twelve months but is not active at the present. A reactivated landslide is a lively landslide that has been inactive. An inactive landslide is a landslide, which did not moved at most for year.
Inactive landslides are often subdivided into these states:
A dormant landslide is an inactive landslide, which will be reactivated by its original causes or other causes.
An abandoned landslide is an inactive landslide that is not suffering from its original causes.
A stabilized landslide is an inactive landslide that has been shielded from its original causes by artificial remedial measures.
A relict landslide is an inactive landslide that developed under geomorphological or climate considerably different from those at the present.
Potential and existed landslides can be identified or recognized using different techniques considering various features that existed on the earth’s surface. Different features indicate landslide signs like
Depression at top (water ponding)
Bulging at toe Tension cracks
Water seepage (generally at toe)
Tilted and crooked trees
Change in vegetation
Change in topography
Change in drainage pattern
In hazard minimization, the evaluation of landslide conditioning and triggering factors is a very important task. Geodynamic processes affecting the earth’s surface cause mass movements of different types, sizes, and speeds [20]. Landslide movement is that the most frequent and widespread sort of mass movement generated by the gravitational downslope displacement of soil and rock masses [20]. The force of gravity and therefore the progressive weakening of geological materials, mainly thanks to weathering, alongside the action of other natural and environmental phenomena, make mass movements relatively common on the earth’s surface [20]. These processes create potential geological risks, as they will cause economic loss and social damage if they affect human activities, buildings, and infrastructure [20]. How to avoid these adverse effects is the subject of research including mass movements, their characteristics, instability mechanisms, controlling factors, and causes. To carry out this research, it is necessary to understand the characteristics and therefore the geological, geotechnical, and hydrogeological properties of the soil and rock materials involved and their mechanical behavior also because the factors that condition and trigger such movements [20]. Studies during this field should specialize in the investigation of [20]
Particular processes for the design of stabilizing measures to either mitigate or reduce damage.
Analysis of the factors, which control and trigger processes at particular locations, to stop possible movements.
Mapping either unstable or potentially unstable zones, in order that the hazardous areas are often delimited and preventive measures are often applied.
As usual, landslides might transpire when shear stress exceeds the shear strength of slope material. The factors that cause landslide have been classified as factors that contribute to an increase of the shear stress and factors that contribute to the decrease of shear strength; however, water is another factor contributing to both increasing and decreasing shear stress and shear strength of slope material respectively. Factors these increase shear stresses are included removal of lateral support; surcharge/ overloading, transitory earth stress, regional tilting, removal of underline support, and increase in lateral pressure. The factors that contribute to the decrease of shear strength of slope material include factors like initial state or inherent characteristics of materials and the changing or variable factors that tend to lower the shear strength of a material. On other hand, factors that control landslides are classified into two such as intrinsic/inherent/static and external/dynamic landslide factors [21, 22, 23].
According to Anbalangan [21], and Raghuvashi et al. [24], intrinsic parameters are the inherent controlling factors that outline the favorable or unfavorable condition within the slope. These include slope material, slope geometry, structural discontinuity, land use/cover, and groundwater. These factors have an excellent influence to decrease the strength of the slope material. Hence, mapping and perception of their impression are crucial for slope stability analysis.
The kind of fabric during a slope is closely associated with the sort of instability. Different lithology are going to be showed different degrees of susceptibility to potential slippage or failure. The stress–strain behavior of materials is governed by their strength properties, which also depend upon the presence of water. Sorts of failure and therefore the location of failure surfaces depend upon factors like alternating materials of various lithology, the extent of weathering, and therefore the presence of layers of sentimental material or hard strata. Soils, which are considered homogeneous materials, compared to rock masses, instability could also be generated by differences within the degree of compaction, cementation, and grain size, which can make sure areas more vulnerable to weakness and water flow. In rock masses, characterization and analysis of slope behavior are further complicated by the presence of layers of strata with differing strengths and properties [20].
Geological structures or discontinuities play a definitive role in conditioning the slope stability in rock masses. A mixture of structural elements and geometric slope parameters, like height, gradient, and orientation, defines problems, which will occur. The spatial distribution of discontinuities is that the structure of the rock mass [20]. The presence of those surfaces of weakness (bedding surfaces, joints, and faults) dipping towards the slope face implies the existence of potential failure planes on which sliding can readily occur.
The orientation and spatial distribution of discontinuities will condition the sort and mechanism of the instability. A specific system of fracturing will condition both the direction of movement and therefore the size of blocks susceptible to slide or the presence of a fault dipping towards a slope face will limit the unstable area. Structural changes and singularities within the rock mass, like Tectonized or shear areas, or abrupt changes within the dip of the strata, indicate heterogeneities from which failure might originate. Slope stability could also be suffering from changes to the initial conditions during excavation; for instance, the existence of tectonic in place stress related to compressive or extensional structures like folds and faults.
Most failures are caused by the effects of water in the ground, including pore pressures and erosion of the slope materials. Water is considered the worst enemy of slope stability, together with human actions where excavations are carried out without adequate geotechnical care. The presence of water in a slope reduces stability by decreasing ground strength and increasing forces, which favor instability. The main effects of water are a reduction in the shear strength of failure surfaces as effective normal stress, σ’n, decreases.
The following aspects should be known to understand the effects of water in a slope [20]: 1) Hydrogeological behavior of the materials 2) Presence of water table and piezo metric heads 3) Water flow in the slope 4) Relevant hydrogeological parameters: permeability coefficient or hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic gradient, transmissivity, and storage coefficient. One way of obtaining an approximate assessment of the entire force exerted by water on discontinuity surfaces or tension cracks is to assume the triangular distribution of hydrostatic pressure on these surfaces.
The possible failure of a slope along a surface depends on the strength, which depends on cohesion and therefore the interior angle of friction. The influence of geological history (e.g. consolidation, erosion, diagenetic processes, in situ stresses, and weathering) on the mechanical (shear strength) properties of soils must be determined considering the geological characteristics. In rock masses, mechanical behavior is decided by the strength properties of the discontinuities and therefore the intact rock counting on its degree of fracturing and the nature of the materials and discontinuities within it. The behavior of a tough rock mass generally depends on the characteristics of its discontinuities, although the lithology and its geological evolution can also play a crucial role. The shear strength of surfaces of weakness depends on their nature and origin, persistence, spacing, roughness, type and thickness of infill, and thus the presence of water.
Slope stability is highly control by in situ stresses [20]. The strain relief from decompression when the slope is excavated may transform its material properties [20]. In rock slopes, the weakest areas are often degraded and begin to behave like soft rock or granular soil. This effect is common in mudstone or mud-shale slopes subjected to high in place stresses; the rock formation is weakened into a granular material with cement-sized fragments several meters thick inside the slope, resulting in disintegration and collapse of the slope.
Slope morphometry refers to the steepness of the slope, which controls not only the strain distribution inside the slope mass but also affects weathering layer depth and surface runoff [25]. As reported by Lai [25], the degree and height of the slope influence the quantity of runoff and thus the extent of erosion. The steeper the slope, the upper velocity of water flowing down a slope and have higher erosive power. Thus, the slope material that supports the slope are getting to be removed and heighten the slope instability problem.
Aspect is that the orientation of the slope. Different slope direction has different weather, land cover, and radiation intensity that affects the exposure of the slope to radiation, wind impact, and rainfall [26, 27].
Curvature is that the measure of the roughness of a given terrain. The curvature may ask the concaveness, concaveness, and flatness of a slope. According to Pradhan [28, 29]; Alkhasawneh et al. [30], as cited in Meten et al. [26] the negative value refers to the valley, the positive value refers to Capitol Hill slope, and zero/ approaches zero value refers to flat acreage. The curvature condition controls the hydraulic condition and thus the consequences of gravity for slope stability.
External triggering factors are dynamic factors, which may trigger slope movement by increasing driving force. These triggering factors include rainfall, seismic and act. Static and dynamic loads exerted on slopes modify the force distribution and may produce instability. Static loads include the load of structures or buildings on a slope or loads derived from fills, waste dumps, or heavy vehicles, and when these loads are exerted on the slope head, they create a further weight, which will contribute to the destabilizing forces. Dynamic loads are mainly thanks to natural or induced seismicity and vibrations caused by nearby blasting. These mainly affect jointed rock masses by opening up pre-existing discontinuities, reducing their shear strength, and displacing rock blocks, which can then fall. Dynamic forces produced by an action earthquake can be given as a function of the maximum horizontal acceleration. Precipitation and climate regime influence slope stability by modifying groundwater content. The strength of the soil mass becomes loss due to changes in soil structure by alternating periods of rainfall and drought.
Man Made Factors: Abebe et al. [31]; Kifle [11, 32] is explained that the demand for new land for infrastructure, settlement, and agriculture are primary means in which humans can contribute to slope instability condition through the excavation of slope toe or slope faces, loading of slope crest, drawdown (or reservoirs), irrigation, mining, artificial vibration, deforestation, and water leakage from utilities.
Landslide inventory is that the simplest sort of landslide map [33]. The landslide inventory map portrays the spatial distribution, frequency, activity, size, time, type, displace material, the intensity of injury, and density of landslide. It is often used because the base for future landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk prediction by evaluating the connection between the prevailing landslide event and landslide driving factors [34]. Besides, landslide inventory is often used to evaluate the accuracy and performance of the landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk maps. Landslide inventory map shows the past and current landslide incidences, which may be prepared using various techniques like the aerial photograph, Google Earth imagery, field investigation, and evaluation of archive data including GIS tools. Depend upon the aim, the size of the base map or aerial photograph, the extent of the study area, and therefore the availability of resources, a landslide inventory map are often prepared using different techniques as expressed above [35]. For instance, a small-scale landslide inventory map (1,25,000) landslide inventory maps are often prepared for a selected area using aerial photographs at the size of >1:20,000, Google Earth Imagery analysis, and extensive fieldwork [3, 4, 36, 37]. The Google Earth Imagery may be a free tool that helps not only to spot statistic landslide boundary but also wont to determine the area coverage, perimeter, and distance of slope material movement compared to other techniques, however, it needs field for verification purpose. As a result, currently, from the active and old landslide scarps, researchers intended to spot historical landslides using statistic Google Earth Imagery analysis instead of an aerial photograph. Depend upon the dimensions of the landslide and therefore the mapping scale, active and old landslide boundaries are often digitized into polygons employing a GIS tool with the assistance of Google Earth Imagery, and eventually, a landslide inventory map are often produced. The landslide inventory is going to be classified as training data sets and testing landslide data sets (Figure 1). Most of the researchers classified landslides into 70% for training data sets and 30% for testing landslide data sets [26, 38, 39, 40]. As shown in Figures 2–4, Google Earth Imagery analysis is so effective for landslide inventory mapping. Landslide investigation is an important task in landslide disaster reduction strategies. It can be conducted to determine and predict old, active, and future landslide incidence by examining land features. For example, field survey is used to evaluate slope gradient, geomorphology, geology, drainage, nature of soil, land use land cover, surface and subsurface water, geodynamic process, old and active landslide conditions. Generally, the methods or techniques that used to investigate landslides are summarized in Table 2.
Landslide inventory map of the study area [
Landslide in Chemoga catchment, northwestern Ethiopia.
Landslide in Woldia area, northwestern Ethiopia.
Landslide in Dessie town, Ethiopia.
Scop | Phase of study | Methods or thechniques | Objectives |
---|---|---|---|
Regional landslide study | Preliminary | Review of existing information and existing maps. Google Earth Imagery analysis, Interpretation of aerial photos and remote sensing. | Identify processes and type of movements. Identify conditioning factors. General evaluation of stability of the area. Indentify location and boundary of landslide. |
General study | Field observations. Processes mapping. Factors mapping. | ||
Conducted to investigate landslides or slope failure for specific area | Study of process and causal factors | Field surveys. Preliminary underground investigation: geophysical methods. | Describe and classify processes and materials. Susceptibility analysis based on the existing processes and concurrence of conditioning factors. Record landslide type, location, magnitude, frequency, dimention, damage, and element at risk. |
Detail investigation | Boreholes, geophysical methods, in situ tests, sampling, Laboratory tests. | Describe and classify movements. Collect morphological, geological, hydrogeological and geomechanical data. | |
Monitoring | Inclinometers, extensometers, tiltometers, piezometers. | Collect data on speed, direction, stability analysis using Limit equilibrium methods and Stress–strain numerical models. Determine situation of failure planes, water pressures. | |
Stability analysis | Limit equilibrium methods. Stress–strain numerical models. | Define failure models and failure mechanisms. Evaluate stability. Design corrective measures. |
Summary of landslide investigation techniques [20].
Landslide susceptibility may be a quantitative or qualitative evaluation of landslide occurrence of a specific type in a given location that is wont to predict spatial distribution, classification, and area of existed or potentially prone area [12, 37]. However, a landslide hazard map is employed to predict future spatial and temporal landslide occurrence with a specific type and magnitude. Although both landslide susceptibility and hazard map are different concepts, many researchers are used the terms as interchangeable. The researchers consider their susceptibility map as a hazard map during which magnitude and frequency did not consider in their model generation. The landslide risk map is employed to predict the expected spatial and temporal losses or damage by landslide incidences during a given region, which are the products of susceptibility or vulnerability, hazard, and elements in danger. Although landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk maps are the results of the connection between landslide events and sets of landslide factors supported expert judgment or statistical analysis, hazard and risk maps become differ by some input parameters. For instance, a landslide hazard map will have additional landslide frequency, and magnitude input parameters whereas for a risk map, both susceptibility and hazard map become input parameters besides, the element in danger. As stated by Wubalem [3], landslide susceptibility and hazard map results from the sum of all weighted landslide factors employing a raster calculator or weighted overlay method in ArcGIS. Compare to landslide susceptibility mapping, landslide hazard mapping required excellent landslide inventories that contain magnitude, date of occurrence, and frequency. The shortage of frequency, date of occurrence, and magnitude of landslide, landslide hazard mapping become a difficult task. Thus, landslide research trends are shifted to landslide susceptibility mapping for the last twenty century. Now a day, thanks to technological advancement, landslide hazard mapping becomes a simple task for that area frequently suffering from landslide incidence. Lithological, geomorphological, geological structure, hydrological, climatological, anthropological, seismic, and land use/cover parameters and detailed landslide inventories are the foremost important input variables in GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping. However, landslide frequency and magnitude are additional parameters in landslide hazard mapping. The susceptibility, hazard, and risk map produced from the expert judgment have a subjective problem for weight rating of the consequences of sets of parameters; however, the statistical analysis helps to develop maps supported the statistical relationship between sets of parameters and past or current landslide inventory data. Detailed landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk map are often also developed for selected purpose at large scales using physical-based approaches. During this case, geotechnical properties of soil or rock slope material, angle of slope, and pore water pressure are the foremost important parameters to get a landslide susceptibility map supported the extent of an element of safety. Then, the hazard map are often produced by considering the factor of safety, landslide frequency, and magnitude. The danger map also can produce on large scale. Finally, the accuracy of the small-scale and detailed models are often validated using landslide inventory data using different techniques.
Landslide susceptibility or hazard zonation is a technique used to classify the slope into zones based on the level of actual or potential landslide susceptibility and hazard. Landslide susceptibility and hazard zonation are important for a rapid assessment of slope stability over a large area [21]. Landslide susceptibility map can forecast/provide important information about the spatial future landslide occurrence [3]. However, a landslide hazard map can forecast the spatial and temporal future landslide occurrence. In landslide susceptibility and hazard mapping, several approaches are developed, which may be categorized into qualitative, semi-quantitative, and quantitative methods [41, 42, 43, 44, 45].
The expert evaluation method is a widely used technique, but a relatively subjective approach that explains the level of landslide condition in a descriptive expression based on the decision of the expert. Qualitative methods are an expert-driven approach, which required field experience specialists [41, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49]. Field geomorphological analysis, landslide inventory analysis, and parameter assignment superimposition are the main activities for qualitative landslide susceptibility, and hazard mapping. Relying on the experience and professional background knowledge of experts and subjectivity is the drawback of these methods [41, 43, 45, 46, 47, 49]. This method has included heuristic, landslide inventory mapping, landslide hazard evaluation factor and slope stability evaluation parameter.
This method is opinion based that is used to classify landslide susceptibility and hazard maps by mapping all landslide factors, and landslide through proper rating each factor classes to prepare a landslide susceptibility and hazard map. The demerits of this method are its subjectivity.
Inventory is a simple method, which records the location and dimension of events occurred in the given area [50]. Landslide inventory is the way that used to record landslide location, size, occurrence time, displace material and types of slope failure. This method has used as the base for landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk assessments; however, it does not provide the spatial relationship between landslide and sets of landslide factors rather than it only shows the location and volume of a landslide [51]. In this approach, landslide data can obtain through field mapping, historical record, satellite image or Google Earth Imagery analysis, and aerial photograph interpretation [36, 52].
According to Anbalagan [21] this method is used for landslide susceptibility and hazard zonation /mapping with consideration of the inherent controlling factors only. It is simple and cost-effective over a large area. Nevertheless, this method has the following limitations.
Has a rating of low value for groundwater effect on slope instability.
It does not account the triggering factors.
The condition of the rock mass with structural discontinuity and characteristics of the structural discontinuity (roughness, aperture, etc.) are not considered.
It is Subjective
Give the same rating for lithology and structural discontinuity but discontinuities have great influence than lithology.
Slope stability evaluation parameters (SSEP) is a landslide hazard zonation technique that is used to evaluate both inherent (slope material, slope geometry, structural discontinuity, land use and land cover, groundwater) and external factors (rainfall, seismicity, and human activity) to prepare landslide susceptibility map. Raghuvashi et al. [24], develop this method considering the dynamic and static landslide causative parameters. This technique is simple and supported by much field data but it is subjective for weighting assignment.
Semi-quantitative methods are the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, which introduce grading and weighting of the effects of landslide factors on landslide incidence [42, 53, 54]. In this method, both qualitative and quantitative methods can be applied to evaluate the effects of landslide governing factors on landslide occurrence [55]. Analytical hierarchy process, weighted linear combination, and expert knowledge/heuristic [42, 48, 56, 57, 58, 59] are examples of semi-quantitative methods. Although some statistical concepts are introduced in this method, it depends on the expert’s experience and the background of professional knowledge and some subjectivity remains [42, 60].
According to Canoglu [61]; Chen et al. [62], the quantitative methods are grouped into three categories such as machine learning/data mining, physical-based, and statistical methods. The statistical methods are indirect methods which is extensively or routinely used to assess the association between landslide governing factors and landslides based on mathematical [9, 41]. They are classified into multivariate and bivariate statistical methods [3]. The statistical methods are provided reliable results [4, 26, 42, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69]. The numerical methods rely on the mathematical model, expression, and less expert judgments, which provides comparatively reliable results, unlike the qualitative method. Among quantitative methods, the statistical method is the one, which used to evaluate the spatial slope instability based on the relationship between the past/active landslide and landslide factors [70]. A statistical method is an indirect method used to prepare a landslide hazard/susceptibility map, which is considered as objective and worked by integrated GIS tool with statistical analysis based on the landslide and sets of landslide factors spatial relationship. However, in this method, the most difficult thing that we have to consider is accurate database construction, model calibration, and model validation iteration procedures [71]. In this method, each factor has mapped and overlaid over past/active landslides to carry out the contribution of each factor and subclass on the instability of the slope [24, 52, 72]. The limitation of the statistical method is its requirement for detailed and quality landslide and landslide factor data, and it is time-consuming to acquire them over a large area Raghuvashi et al. [24]. The statistical method cannot apply to the area where a landslide has not occurred. This is one of the limitations of statistical methods in landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk mapping.
The bivariate statistical procedure is straightforward to use and update, which is capable to differentiate the consequences of every sub factor class for landslide occurrence. Within the bivariate statistical procedure, the presence of landslide has been considered because the variable and therefore the parameters that enhanced the occurrence of the landslide has been considered as the independent variable [73]. in this technique, each determinant map has been classified into sub-classes to work out the response of individual factor classes to landslide occurrence. The landslide factor classes are often combined with a landslide distribution map and weighting values supported the landslide densities of every determinant class. After weight value calculation, the weighted raster map is carefully sum up employing a raster calculator in Math algebra under the GIS tool to urge the landslide susceptibility index map. The landslide susceptibility or hazard index map are often reclassified using various methods like natural break under the GIS tool to urge the ultimate landslide susceptibility map. The benefits of bivariate statistical methods are they will cover an outsized area with effective cost; it is simple to apply; it can provide spatially distributed landslide information and its relationship with landslide factors. However, the bivariate statistical methods have the subsequent limitation 1. It cannot distinguish which factor is more influential and non-influential. 2. It cannot provides the knowledge about the inherent condition of the slope material like geotechnical method 3. It can predict the landslide susceptibility regions but it cannot be predicted when this landslide will occur and it needs landslide occurrence during a certain region to predict the opposite region which has some environmental factor. The load of evidence, information value, certainty factor, and frequency ratio is that the commonest techniques in bivariate statistical analysis.
This method will provide more realistic and accurate results. It also considers the mutual relationship among landslide factors, unlike bivariate statistical methods. The weight of causal factors indicates the relative contribution of every factor to the degree of hazard in a given land unit. The multivariate statistical procedure helps to perform multivariate statistical analysis unlike the bivariate statistical procedure. One among the merits of the multivariate method is capable to work out the influential power of individual landslide factors on landslide occurrence. Logistic regression, discriminant analysis, and cluster analysis are the foremost commonly applied techniques in this method.
In recent times, advanced data mining methods have been widely used in landslide susceptibility modeling., including random forest [56, 57, 58], boosted regression tree [74], classification and regression tree [74], Naïve Bayes [53, 75], support vector machines [32, 76], kernel LR [77], logistic model tree [56, 57, 58, 77], index of entropy [39], and artificial neural networks [56, 57, 58, 78, 79]. Data mining methods are incapable to work out the consequences of every landslide factor class, need high computing capacity, time-consuming, and therefore the internal calculation process of those methods is intensive and cannot easily be understood. Although both statistical and data mining methods have a bit little difference in the degree of predictive accuracy, they can provide reliable predictive accuracy landslide susceptibility map in landslide susceptibility or hazard mapping [78, 80].
The physical-based approach includes limit equilibrium and finite element numerical models. These methods can be applied for both soil and rock slope stability analysis. This method can provide hazard in absolute value /factor of safety or probability/quantitative results that can directly use for design purposes [52] and Raghuvashi et al. [24]. Physical-based methods are used to calculate the quantitative value of the inherent slope materials of the factor of safety over a defined area [81]. These methods can be applied when landslide types are simple (shallow landslides) and the intrinsic properties of slope material are homogeneous [81]. It requires detailed ground data such as unit weight of soil, soil strength, soil layer thickness, slope angle, pore water pressure, depth below the terrain surface, and slope height. The physical-based method has been employed over a small area, and oversimplification, data availability to acquire frequently is impossible are the drawback of these methods [81]. These methods can be focused on an on-site investigation to assess the geotechnical properties of soil/rock, soil depth, surface and subsurface water condition, the geometry of the slope, landslide location, failure mechanism, depth, and distance of landside. These methods are used to analyze slope conditions by calculating factors of safety using different software like PLAXIS and Slope/w in GeoStudio software package as two or three-dimensional models. The oversimplification of geological, geotechnical model and the difficulty to predict pore water pressure and its relationship with rainfall /snowmelt are the main problems that challenge use the of geotechnical approaches [82].
Landslide risk is the expected loss or damage due to landslide Incidences, which include fatalities, damage to properties, infrastructure, farmland, environment, interruption of services, and economic activities. As compare to landslide susceptibility, and hazard mapping, landslide risk mapping is not common so far due to it requires complex input parameters. It is a complex task due to the lack of necessary information to produce input parameters including vulnerability/susceptibility, hazard, and element at risk [33]. In addition to landslide susceptibility/vulnerability, and hazard maps, landslide risk map is very important in the regulation of land use, landslide risk management, and mitigation strategies. One has a plan to prepare a landslide risk map, it is necessary to estimate landslide susceptibility, hazard, and element at risk.
In landslide risk mapping, qualitative and quantitative techniques are commonly practiced methods. The qualitative (heuristic) method is used to estimate the level of risk in an area qualitatively, when the numerical estimation of hazard, vulnerability, and element at risk is difficult due to lack of landslide frequency, date of occurrence, and magnitude data [33, 83]. The landslide risk map can be produced based on the knowledge of experts about landslide vulnerability, hazard, and element at risk. In a quantitative approach, landslide risk can be estimated numerically using a mathematical equation developed by Varnes and IAEG Commission on landslides and other mass movements on slopes (1984). Risk = hazard*vulnerability*element at risk. Where the hazard is the probability of landslide occurrence in a particular type and magnitude in a given location within a referenced period. Vulnerability is the expected degree of loss due to landslides. Element at risk is potentially affected elements in landslide-affected areas.
In the case of model validation, landslide area has been classified based on time, space, and random partition [26, 84, 85]. The model can be validated by applied various validation techniques like predictive rate curve, success rate curve, simple overlay, a landslide percent comparison column chart, relative error, relative landslide density index (R – index), receiver operating characteristics (ROC), and landslide density.
As indicated in [26], the success rate curve can be plotted using training landslide against the landslide susceptibility or hazard or risk map area. Success rate and a predicted rate curve can be plotted using a cumulative percentage of training/testing landslide area against the cumulative percentage of the landslide susceptibility/hazard/risk map area [86]. For this purpose, the landslide susceptibility or hazard or risk index has to be reclassified into 100 classes by descending order of the value. Then landslide raster can be combined with these classes to obtain landslide pixels. Both landslide and map area pixels have converted into a cumulative percentage to plot the success and predicted rate curve. The success rate curve can be plotted using the cumulative percentage of training landslide vs. a cumulative percentage of map area while the predicted rate curve can be plotted using a cumulative percentage of testing or validation landslide area vs. map area. The success rate explains how well the model and how landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk mapping results are classified the study area using training landslide data. The predict rate curve explains the predictive capability of the conditioning factor for the model. If the curve deflects and closes to the top left of the reference line along the diagonal, the model has higher accuracy.
As states by Pham et al., [87] and Fayez et al., [88], the landslide density has calculated using the equation of landslide density (LD). LD
Landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk models can also be validated using the relative landslide density index, which is calculated using the following equation.
The other model validation technique relative error calculation is one of the techniques that help us to evaluate and determine the quality of the model and the number of landslides in the higher landslide susceptibility, hazard/risk classes. The higher the relative error value the poorer the model accuracy. When the relative error greater than 0.5, the model is not acceptable [90]. However when the relative error less than or equal to 0.5 and the number of landslide in the high landslide susceptibility/hazard/risk class more than half, the given model is accurate and reliable.
The ROC is the curve used to evaluate the performance of the landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk models. ROC curve is the graphical representation of true positive rate (TPR) as y-axis and false positive rate (FPR) as x-axis. In the ROC curve, the area under the curve (AUC) is the most important diagnostic feature that helps to evaluate whether the model performance is accurate or not accurate. As stated by Yesilnacar and Topal [91], the value of AUC is usually found in between 0.5–1. The model has excellent performance when the AUC value is in between 0.9–1; the model has very good performance when the AUC value is in between 0.8–0.9. The model has good performance when the AUC value is between 0.7–0.8. When the value of AUC is between 0.6–0.7, the model has average performance however if the AUC value is between the range of 0.5–0.6 and equal to 0.5 or less than o.5, the model has poor and useless results.
Recent unconsolidated soil deposits, rugged topography, active gully, riverbank erosion, and improper land use practice characterize the study area (Uatzau), making it vulnerable to a variety of landslides, including earth fall, soil creep, weathered rockslide, soil slide, earth flow, and debris flow. Landslide susceptibility zones of the study area were determine using Frequency ratio (FR), certainty factor (CF), and information value (IV) models. These maps also depict the spatial distribution of projected landslides and the locations where they are expected to occur. The maps, on the other hand, may not be able to predict the amount of material that will be displaced, as well as the time and frequency with which the landslide will occur. The landslide susceptibility models can also helpful for preventative and mitigation measure of landslide hazard in regional land use planning [81, 82, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96]. The success rate curve and predictive rate curve were used to validate the maps using training and testing/validation landslide data sets. The success rate curve was used to assess how successfully the models identified the location and supported the landslide events that were occurring at the time [26, 96]. The prediction rate curve was created to assess how effectively the models can forecast future landslide events that are unknown [94, 96]. Within the region, steep slopes covered by very loose shallow soil deposits, closer to the stream, agricultural land on a steep slope, active gully erosion, and concave slope shapes resulted in the high and very high susceptibility classes, while the moderate susceptibility class is found in highland landscapes. Low plain landscapes and areas covered by vast weathering-resistant rock masses are into the realm of very low and low susceptibility of a region.
Zine et al. [97] stated that higher prediction accuracy (AUC = 89.05%) and AUC = 85.57%) was received using the information value and frequency ratio methods. Similarly, the frequency ratio approach outperformed the information value methods for both success rates (AUC = 83.27%) and prediction rate curve (AUC = 88.8%) in this investigation. The accuracy of the two models falls within the same ranges, which may be a good performance. The frequency ratio model revealed a slight difference in the AUC value. Qiqing et al. [40] stated that a high predictive accuracy of AUC value of 75 was received using a certainty factor model when compared to the prediction rate curve value (AUC = 64.08%) of information value model. However, their accuracy values were within the same ranges, suggesting that they performed well. Similarly, in the current model, the certainty factor model had a greater prediction rate value (AUC = 87.03%) than the information value model, which had a lower prediction rate value (AUC = 84.8%), but they both required an equivalent accuracy range, which may be a good performance. The work of Haoyuan et al. [98] supported the predictive rate value of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), showing that the frequency ratio and certainty factor models have the more or less similar predictive capacity, with the certainty factor model having 81.18% and the frequency ratio model having 80.14%, respectively. The Frequency ratio model, on the other hand, performed worse than the CF model. The two models in this study had essentially identical AUC values for the prediction rate curve (87.03% for the certainty factor model and 88.8% for the frequency ratio model) (Figure 5). The closer prediction capacity with AUC > 64% and AUC > 80%, respectively, fall within the range of good and extremely good performance, according to the three bivariate statistical methods in the literature and this work [91]. High and extremely high susceptibility classes encompassed nearly 20% of the research area in this study (Table 3). The landslide validation findings for the three models are more similar than they are dissimilar, and they are all in the same region of outstanding performance. Aside from that, the percentages of landslides that fall into the high and highly susceptible classes are nearly the same (60.4%, 65.5% & 68.1% for FR, CF, and IV, respectively). Because of these findings, the research effort concludes that in landslide susceptibility mapping, the three models have similar potential for identifying landslide-prone locations, although factor selection should take precedence over methodologies. However, when compared to the FR and CF approaches, the IV models’ moderate, high, and very high susceptibility area coverage exhibited minor differences in a single example. This is frequently due to flaws discovered in IV during weight rating for each factor class, i.e. when there is no landslide in a certain component class the IV results become zero. This gives a good indication of the model’s overall accuracy. FR and CF models are better for regional land use planning, landslide hazard mitigation, and prevention based on the prediction accuracy of AUC value. Although the generated maps cannot predict when and how often landslides will occur, they do show the spatial distribution of landslide risk.
Landslide susceptibility maps of frequency ratio (FR), certainty factor (CF), information value (IV) methods [
Information value method | LSI Value | LSI | Factor class area (%) | Validation data set (%) | Training data set (%) | AUC for validation landslide | AUC for training landslide |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
−0.5-0.9 | VLS | 15.5 | 3.9 | 6.3 | 0.848323 | 0.808265 | |
0.9–1.5 | LS | 24.3 | 7.9 | 11.8 | |||
1.5–2 | MS | 31.5 | 20.1 | 23.8 | |||
2.0–2.6 | HS | 21.1 | 40.8 | 31.8 | |||
2.6–4.1 | VHS | 7.6 | 27.3 | 26.3 | |||
−2.2- −0.97 | VLS | 17.8 | 4.7 | 6.0 | 0.870348 | 0.871933 | |
-0.97- −0.47 | LS | 31.0 | 12.3 | 16.4 | |||
-0.47-0.04 | MS | 28.8 | 17.5 | 24.8 | |||
0.04–0.74 | HS | 19.0 | 34.8 | 33.0 | |||
0.74–2.61 | VHS | 3.4 | 30.7 | 19.7 | |||
3.1–4.3 | VLS | 22.7 | 5.4 | 9.3 | 0.888337 | 0.832718 | |
4.3–4.8 | LS | 30.8 | 14.7 | 17.8 | |||
4.8–5.3 | MS | 22.4 | 19.5 | 20.0 | |||
5.3–6 | HS | 19.3 | 43.7 | 35.0 | |||
6–7.7 | VHS | 4.8 | 16.7 | 17.8 | |||
VLS is for very low susceptibility, LS stands for low susceptibility, MS stands for moderate susceptibility, HS stands for high susceptibility, VHS stands for very high susceptibility, LSI stands for landslide susceptibility index and AUC stands for area under the curve. |
Statistical summary of information value, certainty factor, and frequency ratio methods [36].
This chapter introduces and overview the concepts of landslide, type, factors, inventories, susceptibility, hazard, and risk. Moreover, different mapping and validation approaches were introduced. The confusing between the term susceptibility and hazard is clearly discussed. Detail and quality data should tend emphasis in getting quality landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk maps. Field landslide investigation integrated with Google Earth Imagery analysis is vital to work out and record, the relative occurrence date, magnitude, dimension, type, and state of landslide. GIS-based landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk mapping is suitable for regional scale where as physical based mapping is recommendable for detail landslide study where geotechnical investigation is require.
First and foremost, I want to express my gratitude to the almighty God for allowing me to complete this study project. Next, I would like to express my gratitude to my wonderful family and friends for their unwavering support during the research process. Finally, I would like to express my gratitude to the University of Gondar.
I was responsible for all aspects of the project, including the conception and design of the work, model development, statistical analysis, and interpretation of the results.
In this scenario, it is not appropriate.
Data and materials are readily available.
The corresponding author can provide all of the datasets that were utilized and analyzed during the current investigation.
There are no competing interests.
As a company committed to the wider dissemination of knowledge, IntechOpen supports the OAI Metadata Harvesting Protocol (OAI-PMH Version 2.0).
',metaTitle:"OAI-PMH",metaDescription:"As a firm believer in the wider dissemination of knowledge, IntechOpen supports the OAI Metadata Harvesting Protocol (OAI-PMH Version 2.0).",metaKeywords:null,canonicalURL:"/page/oai-pmh",contentRaw:'[{"type":"htmlEditorComponent","content":"The OAI-PMH (Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting) is used to govern the collection of metadata descriptions and enables other archives to access our database. The Protocol has been developed by the Open Archives Initiative, based on ensuring interoperability standards in order to ease and promote broader and more efficient dissemination of information within the scientific community.
\\n\\nWe have adopted the Protocol to increase the number of readers of our publications. All our Works are more widely accessible, with resulting benefits for scholars, researchers, students, libraries, universities and other academic institutions. Through this method of exposing metadata, IntechOpen enables citation indexes, scientific search engines, scholarly databases, and scientific literature collections to gather metadata from our repository and make our publications available to a broader academic audience.
\\n\\nAs a Registered Data Provider, metadata for published Books and Chapters are available via our interface at the base URL: http://mts.intechopen.com/oai/index.php
\\n\\nREQUESTS
\\n\\nYou can find out more about the Protocol by visiting the Open Archives website. For additional questions please contact us at ai@intechopen.com.
\\n\\nDATABASES
\\n\\nDatabases, repositories and search engines that provide services based on metadata harvested using the OAI metadata harvesting protocol include:
\\n\\nBASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine
\\n\\nOne of the world's most powerful search engines, used primarily for academic Open Access web resources.
\\n\\n\\n\\nA search engine for online catalogues of publications from all over the world.
\\n"}]'},components:[{type:"htmlEditorComponent",content:'The OAI-PMH (Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting) is used to govern the collection of metadata descriptions and enables other archives to access our database. The Protocol has been developed by the Open Archives Initiative, based on ensuring interoperability standards in order to ease and promote broader and more efficient dissemination of information within the scientific community.
\n\nWe have adopted the Protocol to increase the number of readers of our publications. All our Works are more widely accessible, with resulting benefits for scholars, researchers, students, libraries, universities and other academic institutions. Through this method of exposing metadata, IntechOpen enables citation indexes, scientific search engines, scholarly databases, and scientific literature collections to gather metadata from our repository and make our publications available to a broader academic audience.
\n\nAs a Registered Data Provider, metadata for published Books and Chapters are available via our interface at the base URL: http://mts.intechopen.com/oai/index.php
\n\nREQUESTS
\n\nYou can find out more about the Protocol by visiting the Open Archives website. For additional questions please contact us at ai@intechopen.com.
\n\nDATABASES
\n\nDatabases, repositories and search engines that provide services based on metadata harvested using the OAI metadata harvesting protocol include:
\n\nBASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine
\n\nOne of the world's most powerful search engines, used primarily for academic Open Access web resources.
\n\n\n\nA search engine for online catalogues of publications from all over the world.
\n'}]},successStories:{items:[]},authorsAndEditors:{filterParams:{},profiles:[{id:"396",title:"Dr.",name:"Vedran",middleName:null,surname:"Kordic",slug:"vedran-kordic",fullName:"Vedran Kordic",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/396/images/7281_n.png",biography:"After obtaining his Master's degree in Mechanical Engineering he continued his education at the Vienna University of Technology where he obtained his PhD degree in 2004. He worked as a researcher at the Automation and Control Institute, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology until 2008. His studies in robotics lead him not only to a PhD degree but also inspired him to co-found and build the International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems - world's first Open Access journal in the field of robotics.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"TU Wien",country:{name:"Austria"}}},{id:"441",title:"Ph.D.",name:"Jaekyu",middleName:null,surname:"Park",slug:"jaekyu-park",fullName:"Jaekyu Park",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/441/images/1881_n.jpg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"LG Corporation (South Korea)",country:{name:"Korea, South"}}},{id:"465",title:"Dr.",name:"Christian",middleName:null,surname:"Martens",slug:"christian-martens",fullName:"Christian Martens",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Rheinmetall (Germany)",country:{name:"Germany"}}},{id:"479",title:"Dr.",name:"Valentina",middleName:null,surname:"Colla",slug:"valentina-colla",fullName:"Valentina Colla",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/479/images/358_n.jpg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies",country:{name:"Italy"}}},{id:"494",title:"PhD",name:"Loris",middleName:null,surname:"Nanni",slug:"loris-nanni",fullName:"Loris Nanni",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/494/images/system/494.jpg",biography:"Loris Nanni received his Master Degree cum laude on June-2002 from the University of Bologna, and the April 26th 2006 he received his Ph.D. in Computer Engineering at DEIS, University of Bologna. On September, 29th 2006 he has won a post PhD fellowship from the university of Bologna (from October 2006 to October 2008), at the competitive examination he was ranked first in the industrial engineering area. He extensively served as referee for several international journals. He is author/coauthor of more than 100 research papers. He has been involved in some projects supported by MURST and European Community. His research interests include pattern recognition, bioinformatics, and biometric systems (fingerprint classification and recognition, signature verification, face recognition).",institutionString:null,institution:null},{id:"496",title:"Dr.",name:"Carlos",middleName:null,surname:"Leon",slug:"carlos-leon",fullName:"Carlos Leon",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Seville",country:{name:"Spain"}}},{id:"512",title:"Dr.",name:"Dayang",middleName:null,surname:"Jawawi",slug:"dayang-jawawi",fullName:"Dayang Jawawi",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Technology Malaysia",country:{name:"Malaysia"}}},{id:"528",title:"Dr.",name:"Kresimir",middleName:null,surname:"Delac",slug:"kresimir-delac",fullName:"Kresimir Delac",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/528/images/system/528.jpg",biography:"K. Delac received his B.Sc.E.E. degree in 2003 and is currentlypursuing a Ph.D. degree at the University of Zagreb, Faculty of Electrical Engineering andComputing. His current research interests are digital image analysis, pattern recognition andbiometrics.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Zagreb",country:{name:"Croatia"}}},{id:"557",title:"Dr.",name:"Andon",middleName:"Venelinov",surname:"Topalov",slug:"andon-topalov",fullName:"Andon Topalov",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/557/images/1927_n.jpg",biography:"Dr. Andon V. Topalov received the MSc degree in Control Engineering from the Faculty of Information Systems, Technologies, and Automation at Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGGU) in 1979. He then received his PhD degree in Control Engineering from the Department of Automation and Remote Control at Moscow State Mining University (MGSU), Moscow, in 1984. From 1985 to 1986, he was a Research Fellow in the Research Institute for Electronic Equipment, ZZU AD, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. In 1986, he joined the Department of Control Systems, Technical University of Sofia at the Plovdiv campus, where he is presently a Full Professor. He has held long-term visiting Professor/Scholar positions at various institutions in South Korea, Turkey, Mexico, Greece, Belgium, UK, and Germany. And he has coauthored one book and authored or coauthored more than 80 research papers in conference proceedings and journals. His current research interests are in the fields of intelligent control and robotics.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Technical University of Sofia",country:{name:"Bulgaria"}}},{id:"585",title:"Prof.",name:"Munir",middleName:null,surname:"Merdan",slug:"munir-merdan",fullName:"Munir Merdan",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/585/images/system/585.jpg",biography:"Munir Merdan received the M.Sc. degree in mechanical engineering from the Technical University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, in 2001, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria, in 2009.Since 2005, he has been at the Automation and Control Institute, Vienna University of Technology, where he is currently a Senior Researcher. His research interests include the application of agent technology for achieving agile control in the manufacturing environment.",institutionString:null,institution:null},{id:"605",title:"Prof",name:"Dil",middleName:null,surname:"Hussain",slug:"dil-hussain",fullName:"Dil Hussain",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/605/images/system/605.jpg",biography:"Dr. Dil Muhammad Akbar Hussain is a professor of Electronics Engineering & Computer Science at the Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University Denmark. Professor Akbar has a Master degree in Digital Electronics from Govt. College University, Lahore Pakistan and a P-hD degree in Control Engineering from the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Sussex United Kingdom. Aalborg University has Two Satellite Campuses, one in Copenhagen (Aalborg University Copenhagen) and the other in Esbjerg (Aalborg University Esbjerg).\n· He is a member of prestigious IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), and IAENG (International Association of Engineers) organizations. \n· He is the chief Editor of the Journal of Software Engineering.\n· He is the member of the Editorial Board of International Journal of Computer Science and Software Technology (IJCSST) and International Journal of Computer Engineering and Information Technology. \n· He is also the Editor of Communication in Computer and Information Science CCIS-20 by Springer.\n· Reviewer For Many Conferences\nHe is the lead person in making collaboration agreements between Aalborg University and many universities of Pakistan, for which the MOU’s (Memorandum of Understanding) have been signed.\nProfessor Akbar is working in Academia since 1990, he started his career as a Lab demonstrator/TA at the University of Sussex. After finishing his P. hD degree in 1992, he served in the Industry as a Scientific Officer and continued his academic career as a visiting scholar for a number of educational institutions. In 1996 he joined National University of Science & Technology Pakistan (NUST) as an Associate Professor; NUST is one of the top few universities in Pakistan. In 1999 he joined an International Company Lineo Inc, Canada as Manager Compiler Group, where he headed the group for developing Compiler Tool Chain and Porting of Operating Systems for the BLACKfin processor. The processor development was a joint venture by Intel and Analog Devices. In 2002 Lineo Inc., was taken over by another company, so he joined Aalborg University Denmark as an Assistant Professor.\nProfessor Akbar has truly a multi-disciplined career and he continued his legacy and making progress in many areas of his interests both in teaching and research. He has contributed in stochastic estimation of control area especially, in the Multiple Target Tracking and Interactive Multiple Model (IMM) research, Ball & Beam Control Problem, Robotics, Levitation Control. He has contributed in developing Algorithms for Fingerprint Matching, Computer Vision and Face Recognition. He has been supervising Pattern Recognition, Formal Languages and Distributed Processing projects for several years. He has reviewed many books on Management, Computer Science. Currently, he is an active and permanent reviewer for many international conferences and symposia and the program committee member for many international conferences.\nIn teaching he has taught the core computer science subjects like, Digital Design, Real Time Embedded System Programming, Operating Systems, Software Engineering, Data Structures, Databases, Compiler Construction. In the Engineering side, Digital Signal Processing, Computer Architecture, Electronics Devices, Digital Filtering and Engineering Management.\nApart from his Academic Interest and activities he loves sport especially, Cricket, Football, Snooker and Squash. He plays cricket for Esbjerg city in the second division team as an opener wicket keeper batsman. He is a very good player of squash but has not played squash since his arrival in Denmark.",institutionString:null,institution:null},{id:"611",title:"Prof.",name:"T",middleName:null,surname:"Nagarajan",slug:"t-nagarajan",fullName:"T Nagarajan",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Universiti Teknologi Petronas",country:{name:"Malaysia"}}}],filtersByRegion:[{group:"region",caption:"North America",value:1,count:6674},{group:"region",caption:"Middle and South America",value:2,count:5955},{group:"region",caption:"Africa",value:3,count:2461},{group:"region",caption:"Asia",value:4,count:12719},{group:"region",caption:"Australia and Oceania",value:5,count:1018},{group:"region",caption:"Europe",value:6,count:17724}],offset:12,limit:12,total:134464},chapterEmbeded:{data:{}},editorApplication:{success:null,errors:{}},ofsBooks:{filterParams:{hasNoEditors:"0",sort:"dateEndThirdStepPublish",topicId:"7,21,23"},books:[{type:"book",id:"11782",title:"Personality Traits - The Role in Psychopathology",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!0,hash:"d3a491e5194cad4c59b900dd57a11842",slug:null,bookSignature:" Vladimir V. Kalinin",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11782.jpg",editedByType:null,editors:[{id:"31572",title:null,name:"Vladimir V.",surname:"Kalinin",slug:"vladimir-v.-kalinin",fullName:"Vladimir V. Kalinin"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"11601",title:"Econometrics - Recent Advances and Applications",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!0,hash:"bc8ab49e2cf436c217a49ca8c12a22eb",slug:null,bookSignature:"Dr. Brian Sloboda",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11601.jpg",editedByType:null,editors:[{id:"452331",title:"Dr.",name:"Brian",surname:"Sloboda",slug:"brian-sloboda",fullName:"Brian Sloboda"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"12239",title:"Topics on Globalization",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!0,hash:"43443244d8385c57f1424d5d37c91788",slug:null,bookSignature:"Prof. Elsadig Musa Ahmed",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/12239.jpg",editedByType:null,editors:[{id:"268621",title:"Prof.",name:"Elsadig",surname:"Ahmed",slug:"elsadig-ahmed",fullName:"Elsadig Ahmed"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"11779",title:"Non-government Organizations - New Perspectives",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!0,hash:"c109a472a9e0ea8398ae95e2d21be039",slug:null,bookSignature:"Prof. Vito Bobek and Dr. Tatjana Horvat",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11779.jpg",editedByType:null,editors:[{id:"128342",title:"Prof.",name:"Vito",surname:"Bobek",slug:"vito-bobek",fullName:"Vito Bobek"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"11444",title:"Happiness - Biopsychosocial and Anthropological Perspectives",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!0,hash:"fa84e7fc3611e5428e070239dcf5a93f",slug:null,bookSignature:"Dr. Floriana Irtelli and Prof. Fabio Gabrielli",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11444.jpg",editedByType:null,editors:[{id:"174641",title:"Dr.",name:"Floriana",surname:"Irtelli",slug:"floriana-irtelli",fullName:"Floriana Irtelli"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"11477",title:"Public Economics - New Perspectives and Uncertainty",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!0,hash:"a8e6c515dc924146fbd2712eb4e7d118",slug:null,bookSignature:"Dr. Habtamu Alem",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11477.jpg",editedByType:null,editors:[{id:"414400",title:"Dr.",name:"Habtamu",surname:"Alem",slug:"habtamu-alem",fullName:"Habtamu Alem"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"11436",title:"Beauty - Evolutionary, Social and Cultural Perspectives on Attractiveness",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!0,hash:"8f2773e5d4ffe767f38dd15712258e8c",slug:null,bookSignature:"Dr. Farid Pazhoohi",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11436.jpg",editedByType:null,editors:[{id:"470837",title:"Dr.",name:"Farid",surname:"Pazhoohi",slug:"farid-pazhoohi",fullName:"Farid Pazhoohi"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"11437",title:"Social Media - Risks and Opportunities",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!0,hash:"000e31f2e2f7295805e9a3864158ad63",slug:null,bookSignature:"Dr. Shafizan Mohamed and Dr. Shazleen Mohamed",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11437.jpg",editedByType:null,editors:[{id:"302450",title:"Associate Prof.",name:"Shafizan",surname:"Mohamed",slug:"shafizan-mohamed",fullName:"Shafizan Mohamed"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"11443",title:"Empathy - Advanced Research and Applications",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!0,hash:"4c1042dfe15aa9cea6019524c4cbff38",slug:null,bookSignature:"Ph.D. Sara Ventura",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11443.jpg",editedByType:null,editors:[{id:"227763",title:"Ph.D.",name:"Sara",surname:"Ventura",slug:"sara-ventura",fullName:"Sara Ventura"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"11769",title:"Multiculturalism and Interculturalism",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!0,hash:"6c4bda24f278d74f943f2155f13f4d73",slug:null,bookSignature:"Dr. Muhammad Mohiuddin, Dr. Tareque Aziz and Dr. Sreenivasan Jayashree",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11769.jpg",editedByType:null,editors:[{id:"418514",title:"Dr.",name:"Muhammad",surname:"Mohiuddin",slug:"muhammad-mohiuddin",fullName:"Muhammad Mohiuddin"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"11775",title:"Global Peace and Security",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!0,hash:"131303f07b492463a5c4a7607fe46ba9",slug:null,bookSignature:"Dr. Norman Chivasa",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11775.jpg",editedByType:null,editors:[{id:"331566",title:"Dr.",name:"Norman",surname:"Chivasa",slug:"norman-chivasa",fullName:"Norman Chivasa"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"12109",title:"Identifying Occupational Stress and Coping Strategies",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!0,hash:"09a2f5fe50b90b20637b7aceccf1cfdd",slug:null,bookSignature:"Dr. Kavitha Palaniappan",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/12109.jpg",editedByType:null,editors:[{id:"311189",title:"Dr.",name:"Kavitha",surname:"Palaniappan",slug:"kavitha-palaniappan",fullName:"Kavitha Palaniappan"}],productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}}],filtersByTopic:[{group:"topic",caption:"Agricultural and Biological Sciences",value:5,count:36},{group:"topic",caption:"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology",value:6,count:12},{group:"topic",caption:"Business, Management and Economics",value:7,count:7},{group:"topic",caption:"Chemistry",value:8,count:22},{group:"topic",caption:"Computer and Information Science",value:9,count:23},{group:"topic",caption:"Earth and Planetary Sciences",value:10,count:15},{group:"topic",caption:"Engineering",value:11,count:61},{group:"topic",caption:"Environmental Sciences",value:12,count:9},{group:"topic",caption:"Immunology and Microbiology",value:13,count:15},{group:"topic",caption:"Materials Science",value:14,count:24},{group:"topic",caption:"Mathematics",value:15,count:11},{group:"topic",caption:"Medicine",value:16,count:108},{group:"topic",caption:"Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials",value:17,count:6},{group:"topic",caption:"Neuroscience",value:18,count:3},{group:"topic",caption:"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science",value:19,count:9},{group:"topic",caption:"Physics",value:20,count:9},{group:"topic",caption:"Psychology",value:21,count:9},{group:"topic",caption:"Robotics",value:22,count:2},{group:"topic",caption:"Social Sciences",value:23,count:9},{group:"topic",caption:"Veterinary Medicine and Science",value:25,count:3}],offset:12,limit:12,total:25},popularBooks:{featuredBooks:[{type:"book",id:"10858",title:"MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses)",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"d32f86793bc72dde32532f509b1ec5b0",slug:"mooc-massive-open-online-courses-",bookSignature:"Dragan Cvetković",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10858.jpg",editors:[{id:"101330",title:"Dr.",name:"Dragan",middleName:"Mladen",surname:"Cvetković",slug:"dragan-cvetkovic",fullName:"Dragan Cvetković"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"10195",title:"Serotonin and the CNS",subtitle:"New Developments in Pharmacology and Therapeutics",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"7ed9d96da98233a885bd2869a8056c36",slug:"serotonin-and-the-cns-new-developments-in-pharmacology-and-therapeutics",bookSignature:"Berend Olivier",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10195.jpg",editors:[{id:"71579",title:"Prof.",name:"Berend",middleName:null,surname:"Olivier",slug:"berend-olivier",fullName:"Berend Olivier"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"10755",title:"Corporate Governance",subtitle:"Recent Advances and Perspectives",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"ffe06d1d5c4bf0fc2e63511825fe1257",slug:"corporate-governance-recent-advances-and-perspectives",bookSignature:"Okechukwu Lawrence Emeagwali and Feyza Bhatti",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10755.jpg",editors:[{id:"196317",title:"Associate Prof.",name:"Okechukwu Lawrence",middleName:null,surname:"Emeagwali",slug:"okechukwu-lawrence-emeagwali",fullName:"Okechukwu Lawrence Emeagwali"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"11120",title:"Environmental Impact and Remediation of Heavy Metals",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"9e77514288e7394f1e6cd13481af3509",slug:"environmental-impact-and-remediation-of-heavy-metals",bookSignature:"Hosam M. Saleh and Amal I. Hassan",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11120.jpg",editors:[{id:"144691",title:"Prof.",name:"Hosam M.",middleName:null,surname:"Saleh",slug:"hosam-m.-saleh",fullName:"Hosam M. Saleh"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"10901",title:"Grapes and Wine",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"5d7f2aa74874444bc6986e613ccebd7c",slug:"grapes-and-wine",bookSignature:"Antonio Morata, Iris Loira and Carmen González",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10901.jpg",editors:[{id:"180952",title:"Prof.",name:"Antonio",middleName:null,surname:"Morata",slug:"antonio-morata",fullName:"Antonio Morata"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"11080",title:"Engineering Principles",subtitle:"Welding and Residual Stresses",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"6c07a13a113bce94174b40096f30fb5e",slug:"engineering-principles-welding-and-residual-stresses",bookSignature:"Kavian Omar Cooke and Ronaldo Câmara Cozza",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11080.jpg",editors:[{id:"138778",title:"Dr.",name:"Kavian",middleName:"Omar",surname:"Cooke",slug:"kavian-cooke",fullName:"Kavian Cooke"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"11332",title:"Essential Oils",subtitle:"Advances in Extractions and Biological Applications",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"742e6cae3a35686f975edc8d7f9afa94",slug:"essential-oils-advances-in-extractions-and-biological-applications",bookSignature:"Mozaniel Santana de Oliveira and Eloisa Helena de Aguiar Andrade",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11332.jpg",editors:[{id:"195290",title:"Ph.D.",name:"Mozaniel",middleName:null,surname:"Santana De Oliveira",slug:"mozaniel-santana-de-oliveira",fullName:"Mozaniel Santana De Oliveira"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"11029",title:"Hepatitis B",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"609701f502efc3538c112ff47a2c2119",slug:"hepatitis-b",bookSignature:"Luis Rodrigo",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11029.jpg",editors:[{id:"73208",title:"Prof.",name:"Luis",middleName:null,surname:"Rodrigo",slug:"luis-rodrigo",fullName:"Luis Rodrigo"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"9537",title:"Human Rights in the Contemporary World",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"54f05b93812fd434f3962956d6413a6b",slug:"human-rights-in-the-contemporary-world",bookSignature:"Trudy Corrigan",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/9537.jpg",editors:[{id:"197557",title:"Dr.",name:"Trudy",middleName:null,surname:"Corrigan",slug:"trudy-corrigan",fullName:"Trudy Corrigan"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"11371",title:"Cerebral Circulation",subtitle:"Updates on Models, Diagnostics and Treatments of Related Diseases",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"e2d3335445d2852d0b906bb9750e939f",slug:"cerebral-circulation-updates-on-models-diagnostics-and-treatments-of-related-diseases",bookSignature:"Alba Scerrati, Luca Ricciardi and Flavia Dones",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11371.jpg",editors:[{id:"182614",title:"Dr.",name:"Alba",middleName:null,surname:"Scerrati",slug:"alba-scerrati",fullName:"Alba Scerrati"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"11012",title:"Radiopharmaceuticals",subtitle:"Current Research for Better Diagnosis and Therapy",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"f9046d6f96148b285e776f384991120d",slug:"radiopharmaceuticals-current-research-for-better-diagnosis-and-therapy",bookSignature:"Farid A. Badria",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11012.jpg",editors:[{id:"41865",title:"Prof.",name:"Farid A.",middleName:null,surname:"Badria",slug:"farid-a.-badria",fullName:"Farid A. Badria"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"9974",title:"E-Learning and Digital Education in the Twenty-First Century",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"88b58d66e975df20425fc1dfd22d53aa",slug:"e-learning-and-digital-education-in-the-twenty-first-century",bookSignature:"M. Mahruf C. Shohel",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/9974.jpg",editors:[{id:"94099",title:"Dr.",name:"M. Mahruf C.",middleName:null,surname:"Shohel",slug:"m.-mahruf-c.-shohel",fullName:"M. Mahruf C. Shohel"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}}],offset:12,limit:12,total:4438},hotBookTopics:{hotBooks:[],offset:0,limit:12,total:null},publish:{},publishingProposal:{success:null,errors:{}},books:{featuredBooks:[{type:"book",id:"10858",title:"MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses)",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"d32f86793bc72dde32532f509b1ec5b0",slug:"mooc-massive-open-online-courses-",bookSignature:"Dragan Cvetković",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10858.jpg",publishedDate:"June 23rd 2022",numberOfDownloads:1677,editors:[{id:"101330",title:"Dr.",name:"Dragan",middleName:"Mladen",surname:"Cvetković",slug:"dragan-cvetkovic",fullName:"Dragan Cvetković"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"10195",title:"Serotonin and the CNS",subtitle:"New Developments in Pharmacology and Therapeutics",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"7ed9d96da98233a885bd2869a8056c36",slug:"serotonin-and-the-cns-new-developments-in-pharmacology-and-therapeutics",bookSignature:"Berend Olivier",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10195.jpg",publishedDate:"June 23rd 2022",numberOfDownloads:1337,editors:[{id:"71579",title:"Prof.",name:"Berend",middleName:null,surname:"Olivier",slug:"berend-olivier",fullName:"Berend Olivier"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"10755",title:"Corporate Governance",subtitle:"Recent Advances and Perspectives",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"ffe06d1d5c4bf0fc2e63511825fe1257",slug:"corporate-governance-recent-advances-and-perspectives",bookSignature:"Okechukwu Lawrence Emeagwali and Feyza Bhatti",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10755.jpg",publishedDate:"June 23rd 2022",numberOfDownloads:1309,editors:[{id:"196317",title:"Associate Prof.",name:"Okechukwu Lawrence",middleName:null,surname:"Emeagwali",slug:"okechukwu-lawrence-emeagwali",fullName:"Okechukwu Lawrence Emeagwali"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"11120",title:"Environmental Impact and Remediation of Heavy Metals",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"9e77514288e7394f1e6cd13481af3509",slug:"environmental-impact-and-remediation-of-heavy-metals",bookSignature:"Hosam M. Saleh and Amal I. Hassan",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11120.jpg",publishedDate:"June 23rd 2022",numberOfDownloads:847,editors:[{id:"144691",title:"Prof.",name:"Hosam M.",middleName:null,surname:"Saleh",slug:"hosam-m.-saleh",fullName:"Hosam M. Saleh"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"10901",title:"Grapes and Wine",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"5d7f2aa74874444bc6986e613ccebd7c",slug:"grapes-and-wine",bookSignature:"Antonio Morata, Iris Loira and Carmen González",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10901.jpg",publishedDate:"June 15th 2022",numberOfDownloads:2273,editors:[{id:"180952",title:"Prof.",name:"Antonio",middleName:null,surname:"Morata",slug:"antonio-morata",fullName:"Antonio Morata"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"11080",title:"Engineering Principles",subtitle:"Welding and Residual Stresses",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"6c07a13a113bce94174b40096f30fb5e",slug:"engineering-principles-welding-and-residual-stresses",bookSignature:"Kavian Omar Cooke and Ronaldo Câmara Cozza",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11080.jpg",publishedDate:"June 23rd 2022",numberOfDownloads:591,editors:[{id:"138778",title:"Dr.",name:"Kavian",middleName:"Omar",surname:"Cooke",slug:"kavian-cooke",fullName:"Kavian Cooke"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"11332",title:"Essential Oils",subtitle:"Advances in Extractions and Biological Applications",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"742e6cae3a35686f975edc8d7f9afa94",slug:"essential-oils-advances-in-extractions-and-biological-applications",bookSignature:"Mozaniel Santana de Oliveira and Eloisa Helena de Aguiar Andrade",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11332.jpg",publishedDate:"June 23rd 2022",numberOfDownloads:515,editors:[{id:"195290",title:"Ph.D.",name:"Mozaniel",middleName:null,surname:"Santana De Oliveira",slug:"mozaniel-santana-de-oliveira",fullName:"Mozaniel Santana De Oliveira"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"11029",title:"Hepatitis B",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"609701f502efc3538c112ff47a2c2119",slug:"hepatitis-b",bookSignature:"Luis Rodrigo",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11029.jpg",publishedDate:"June 23rd 2022",numberOfDownloads:413,editors:[{id:"73208",title:"Prof.",name:"Luis",middleName:null,surname:"Rodrigo",slug:"luis-rodrigo",fullName:"Luis Rodrigo"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"9537",title:"Human Rights in the Contemporary World",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"54f05b93812fd434f3962956d6413a6b",slug:"human-rights-in-the-contemporary-world",bookSignature:"Trudy Corrigan",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/9537.jpg",publishedDate:"June 8th 2022",numberOfDownloads:2194,editors:[{id:"197557",title:"Dr.",name:"Trudy",middleName:null,surname:"Corrigan",slug:"trudy-corrigan",fullName:"Trudy Corrigan"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}},{type:"book",id:"11371",title:"Cerebral Circulation",subtitle:"Updates on Models, Diagnostics and Treatments of Related Diseases",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"e2d3335445d2852d0b906bb9750e939f",slug:"cerebral-circulation-updates-on-models-diagnostics-and-treatments-of-related-diseases",bookSignature:"Alba Scerrati, Luca Ricciardi and Flavia Dones",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11371.jpg",publishedDate:"June 23rd 2022",numberOfDownloads:341,editors:[{id:"182614",title:"Dr.",name:"Alba",middleName:null,surname:"Scerrati",slug:"alba-scerrati",fullName:"Alba Scerrati"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter"}}],latestBooks:[{type:"book",id:"11042",title:"Complementary Therapies",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"9eb32ccbef95289a133a76e5808a525b",slug:"complementary-therapies",bookSignature:"Mario Bernardo-Filho, Redha Taiar, Danúbia da Cunha de Sá-Caputo and Adérito Seixas",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11042.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",publishedDate:"July 6th 2022",editors:[{id:"157376",title:"Prof.",name:"Mario",middleName:null,surname:"Bernardo-Filho",slug:"mario-bernardo-filho",fullName:"Mario Bernardo-Filho"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"10037",title:"Thermoelectricity",subtitle:"Recent Advances, New Perspectives and Applications",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"ad1d3f637564a29cf1636759f5401994",slug:"thermoelectricity-recent-advances-new-perspectives-and-applications",bookSignature:"Guangzhao Qin",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10037.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",publishedDate:"July 6th 2022",editors:[{id:"188870",title:"Mr.",name:"Guangzhao",middleName:null,surname:"Qin",slug:"guangzhao-qin",fullName:"Guangzhao Qin"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"11357",title:"Sustainable Crop Production",subtitle:"Recent Advances",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"ee41e09e4ad6a336ca9f0e5462da3904",slug:"sustainable-crop-production-recent-advances",bookSignature:"Vijay Singh Meena, Mahipal Choudhary, Ram Prakash Yadav and Sunita Kumari Meena",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11357.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",publishedDate:"July 6th 2022",editors:[{id:"420235",title:"Dr.",name:"Vijay",middleName:null,surname:"Meena",slug:"vijay-meena",fullName:"Vijay Meena"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"10863",title:"Cardiac Rhythm Management",subtitle:"Pacing, Ablation, Devices",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"a064ec49b85ebfc60585c9c3690af53a",slug:"cardiac-rhythm-management-pacing-ablation-devices",bookSignature:"Mart Min and Gabriel Cismaru",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10863.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",publishedDate:"July 6th 2022",editors:[{id:"62780",title:"Prof.",name:"Mart",middleName:null,surname:"Min",slug:"mart-min",fullName:"Mart Min"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"10874",title:"Insights on Antimicrobial Peptides",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"23ca26025e87356a7c2ffac365f73a22",slug:"insights-on-antimicrobial-peptides",bookSignature:"Shymaa Enany, Jorge Masso-Silva and Anna Savitskaya",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10874.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",publishedDate:"July 6th 2022",editors:[{id:"81926",title:"Dr.",name:"Shymaa",middleName:null,surname:"Enany",slug:"shymaa-enany",fullName:"Shymaa Enany"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"11137",title:"Mineralogy",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"e0e4727c9f1f9b34d788f0dc70278f2b",slug:"mineralogy",bookSignature:"Miloš René",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11137.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",publishedDate:"July 6th 2022",editors:[{id:"142108",title:"Dr.",name:"Miloš",middleName:null,surname:"René",slug:"milos-rene",fullName:"Miloš René"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"10882",title:"Smart Drug Delivery",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"70c3ce4256324b3c58db970d446ddac4",slug:"smart-drug-delivery",bookSignature:"Usama Ahmad, Md. Faheem Haider and Juber Akhtar",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10882.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",publishedDate:"July 6th 2022",editors:[{id:"255360",title:"Dr.",name:"Usama",middleName:null,surname:"Ahmad",slug:"usama-ahmad",fullName:"Usama Ahmad"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"10885",title:"Snake Venom and Ecology",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"cc4503ed9e56a7bcd9f2ca82b0c880a8",slug:"snake-venom-and-ecology",bookSignature:"Mohammad Manjur Shah, Umar Sharif, Tijjani Rufai Buhari and Tijjani Sabiu Imam",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10885.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",publishedDate:"July 6th 2022",editors:[{id:"94128",title:"Dr.",name:"Mohammad Manjur",middleName:null,surname:"Shah",slug:"mohammad-manjur-shah",fullName:"Mohammad Manjur Shah"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"10381",title:"Electrocatalysis and Electrocatalysts for a Cleaner Environment",subtitle:"Fundamentals and Applications",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"9dbafb0b297cf5cbdb220707e022a228",slug:"electrocatalysis-and-electrocatalysts-for-a-cleaner-environment-fundamentals-and-applications",bookSignature:"Lindiwe Eudora Khotseng",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10381.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",publishedDate:"July 6th 2022",editors:[{id:"236596",title:"Dr.",name:"Lindiwe Eudora",middleName:null,surname:"Khotseng",slug:"lindiwe-eudora-khotseng",fullName:"Lindiwe Eudora Khotseng"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"10900",title:"Prunus",subtitle:"Recent Advances",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"9261926500acb26c4ae5a29eee78f0db",slug:"prunus-recent-advances",bookSignature:"Ayzin B. Küden and Ali Küden",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10900.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",publishedDate:"July 6th 2022",editors:[{id:"200365",title:"Prof.",name:"Ayzin B.",middleName:"B.",surname:"Küden",slug:"ayzin-b.-kuden",fullName:"Ayzin B. Küden"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}}]},subject:{topic:{id:"1066",title:"Gynecologic Oncology",slug:"obstetrics-and-gynecology-gynecologic-oncology",parent:{id:"189",title:"Obstetrics and Gynecology",slug:"obstetrics-and-gynecology"},numberOfBooks:7,numberOfSeries:0,numberOfAuthorsAndEditors:240,numberOfWosCitations:139,numberOfCrossrefCitations:92,numberOfDimensionsCitations:227,videoUrl:null,fallbackUrl:null,description:null},booksByTopicFilter:{topicId:"1066",sort:"-publishedDate",limit:12,offset:0},booksByTopicCollection:[{type:"book",id:"10789",title:"Cervical Cancer",subtitle:"A Global Public Health Treatise",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"3f7a79875d0d0ae71479de8c60276913",slug:"cervical-cancer-a-global-public-health-treatise",bookSignature:"Rajamanickam Rajkumar",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10789.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"120109",title:"Dr.",name:"Rajamanickam",middleName:null,surname:"Rajkumar",slug:"rajamanickam-rajkumar",fullName:"Rajamanickam Rajkumar"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"10342",title:"Ovarian Cancer",subtitle:"Updates in Tumour Biology and Therapeutics",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"25a0adac7f6afa7bcd0b6daa3ef6b538",slug:"ovarian-cancer-updates-in-tumour-biology-and-therapeutics",bookSignature:"Gwo-Yaw Ho and Kate Webber",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10342.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"297757",title:null,name:"Gwo-Yaw",middleName:null,surname:"Ho",slug:"gwo-yaw-ho",fullName:"Gwo-Yaw Ho"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"4652",title:"Gynecologic Cancers",subtitle:"Basic Sciences, Clinical and Therapeutic Perspectives",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"5b274edf1d53594508a6c5b3b7253f1b",slug:"gynecologic-cancers-basic-sciences-clinical-and-therapeutic-perspectives",bookSignature:"Samir A. Farghaly",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/4652.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"69680",title:"Dr.",name:"Samir",middleName:"A",surname:"Farghaly",slug:"samir-farghaly",fullName:"Samir Farghaly"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"3449",title:"Ovarian Cancer",subtitle:"A Clinical and Translational Update",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"d86076194a3c65286c370cafd587fe7d",slug:"ovarian-cancer-a-clinical-and-translational-update",bookSignature:"Iván Díaz-Padilla",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/3449.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"157073",title:"Dr.",name:"Ivan",middleName:null,surname:"Diaz-Padilla",slug:"ivan-diaz-padilla",fullName:"Ivan Diaz-Padilla"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"951",title:"Topics on Cervical Cancer With an Advocacy for Prevention",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"fedfb0b32d856abf87bdb68b8ce9791c",slug:"topics-on-cervical-cancer-with-an-advocacy-for-prevention",bookSignature:"Rajamanickam Rajkumar",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/951.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"120109",title:"Dr.",name:"Rajamanickam",middleName:null,surname:"Rajkumar",slug:"rajamanickam-rajkumar",fullName:"Rajamanickam Rajkumar"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"760",title:"Ovarian Cancer",subtitle:"Basic Science Perspective",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"48d061c2a2d650206b6407634887e116",slug:"ovarian-cancer-basic-science-perspective",bookSignature:"Samir A. Farghaly",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/760.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"69680",title:"Dr.",name:"Samir",middleName:"A",surname:"Farghaly",slug:"samir-farghaly",fullName:"Samir Farghaly"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},{type:"book",id:"2043",title:"Ovarian Cancer",subtitle:"Clinical and Therapeutic Perspectives",isOpenForSubmission:!1,hash:"426f320d45f1f59a331fc4db2c55539d",slug:"ovarian-cancer-clinical-and-therapeutic-perspectives",bookSignature:"Samir A. Farghaly",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/2043.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"69680",title:"Dr.",name:"Samir",middleName:"A",surname:"Farghaly",slug:"samir-farghaly",fullName:"Samir Farghaly"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}}],booksByTopicTotal:7,seriesByTopicCollection:[],seriesByTopicTotal:0,mostCitedChapters:[{id:"30747",doi:"10.5772/27200",title:"Cervical Cancer in Sub Sahara Africa",slug:"cervical-cancer-in-sub-sahara-africa",totalDownloads:8056,totalCrossrefCites:24,totalDimensionsCites:36,abstract:null,book:{id:"951",slug:"topics-on-cervical-cancer-with-an-advocacy-for-prevention",title:"Topics on Cervical Cancer With an Advocacy for Prevention",fullTitle:"Topics on Cervical Cancer With an Advocacy for Prevention"},signatures:"Atara Ntekim",authors:[{id:"69178",title:"Dr.",name:"Atara",middleName:"I",surname:"Ntekim",slug:"atara-ntekim",fullName:"Atara Ntekim"}]},{id:"43348",doi:"10.5772/55562",title:"Molecular Mechanisms of Platinum Resistance in Ovarian Cancer",slug:"molecular-mechanisms-of-platinum-resistance-in-ovarian-cancer",totalDownloads:4233,totalCrossrefCites:19,totalDimensionsCites:28,abstract:null,book:{id:"3449",slug:"ovarian-cancer-a-clinical-and-translational-update",title:"Ovarian Cancer",fullTitle:"Ovarian Cancer - A Clinical and Translational Update"},signatures:"Gonzalo Tapia and Ivan Diaz-Padilla",authors:[{id:"157073",title:"Dr.",name:"Ivan",middleName:null,surname:"Diaz-Padilla",slug:"ivan-diaz-padilla",fullName:"Ivan Diaz-Padilla"},{id:"166871",title:"Dr.",name:"Gonzalo",middleName:null,surname:"Tapia Rico",slug:"gonzalo-tapia-rico",fullName:"Gonzalo Tapia Rico"}]},{id:"30759",doi:"10.5772/30025",title:"Antiproliferative Effect and Induction of Apoptosis by Inula viscosa L. and Retama monosperma L. Extracts in Human Cervical Cancer Cells",slug:"antiproliferative-effect-and-induction-of-apoptosis-by",totalDownloads:4104,totalCrossrefCites:7,totalDimensionsCites:16,abstract:null,book:{id:"951",slug:"topics-on-cervical-cancer-with-an-advocacy-for-prevention",title:"Topics on Cervical Cancer With an Advocacy for Prevention",fullTitle:"Topics on Cervical Cancer With an Advocacy for Prevention"},signatures:"L. Benbacer, N. Merghoub, H. El Btaouri, S. Gmouh, M. Attaleb, H. Morjani, S. Amzazi and M. El Mzibri",authors:[{id:"49896",title:"Prof.",name:"Hamid",middleName:null,surname:"Morjani",slug:"hamid-morjani",fullName:"Hamid Morjani"},{id:"77152",title:"Dr.",name:"Mohammed",middleName:null,surname:"El Mzibri",slug:"mohammed-el-mzibri",fullName:"Mohammed El Mzibri"},{id:"89526",title:"Prof.",name:"Saaid",middleName:null,surname:"Amzazi",slug:"saaid-amzazi",fullName:"Saaid Amzazi"},{id:"96394",title:"Dr.",name:"Mohammed",middleName:null,surname:"Attaleb",slug:"mohammed-attaleb",fullName:"Mohammed Attaleb"},{id:"125518",title:"Dr.",name:"Laila",middleName:null,surname:"Benbacer",slug:"laila-benbacer",fullName:"Laila Benbacer"},{id:"125521",title:"Dr.",name:"Nawal",middleName:null,surname:"Merghoub",slug:"nawal-merghoub",fullName:"Nawal Merghoub"},{id:"125522",title:"Dr.",name:"Hassan",middleName:null,surname:"El Btaouri",slug:"hassan-el-btaouri",fullName:"Hassan El Btaouri"},{id:"125523",title:"Dr.",name:"Said",middleName:null,surname:"Gmouh",slug:"said-gmouh",fullName:"Said Gmouh"}]},{id:"28502",doi:"10.5772/29758",title:"Ovarian Cancer Incidence: Current and Comprehensive Statistics",slug:"ovarian-cancer-incidence-current-and-comprehensive-statistics-",totalDownloads:4618,totalCrossrefCites:1,totalDimensionsCites:16,abstract:null,book:{id:"2043",slug:"ovarian-cancer-clinical-and-therapeutic-perspectives",title:"Ovarian Cancer",fullTitle:"Ovarian Cancer - Clinical and Therapeutic Perspectives"},signatures:"Sherri L. Stewart",authors:[{id:"79202",title:"Dr.",name:"Sherri",middleName:null,surname:"Stewart",slug:"sherri-stewart",fullName:"Sherri Stewart"}]},{id:"43352",doi:"10.5772/54170",title:"The PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Ovarian Cancer: Biological Rationale and Therapeutic Opportunities",slug:"the-pi3k-akt-mtor-pathway-in-ovarian-cancer-biological-rationale-and-therapeutic-opportunities",totalDownloads:5776,totalCrossrefCites:3,totalDimensionsCites:14,abstract:null,book:{id:"3449",slug:"ovarian-cancer-a-clinical-and-translational-update",title:"Ovarian Cancer",fullTitle:"Ovarian Cancer - A Clinical and Translational Update"},signatures:"Alexandra Leary, Edouard Auclin, Patricia Pautier and Catherine Lhomme",authors:[{id:"161998",title:"Dr.",name:"Alexandra",middleName:null,surname:"Leary",slug:"alexandra-leary",fullName:"Alexandra Leary"}]}],mostDownloadedChaptersLast30Days:[{id:"30744",title:"Predictors of Cervical Cancer Screening: An Application of Health Belief Model",slug:"predictors-of-cervical-cancer-screening-an-application-of-health-belief-model",totalDownloads:8142,totalCrossrefCites:2,totalDimensionsCites:14,abstract:null,book:{id:"951",slug:"topics-on-cervical-cancer-with-an-advocacy-for-prevention",title:"Topics on Cervical Cancer With an Advocacy for Prevention",fullTitle:"Topics on Cervical Cancer With an Advocacy for Prevention"},signatures:"Sedigheh Sadat Tavafian",authors:[{id:"71960",title:"Prof.",name:"Sedigheh Sadat",middleName:null,surname:"Tavafian",slug:"sedigheh-sadat-tavafian",fullName:"Sedigheh Sadat Tavafian"}]},{id:"75017",title:"Ovarian Cancer: Molecular Classification and Targeted Therapy",slug:"ovarian-cancer-molecular-classification-and-targeted-therapy",totalDownloads:784,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,abstract:"Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological cancer among women with an overall 5-year survival rate below 50% due to its asymptomatic nature, diagnosis at advanced stages, and a high recurrence rate after standard therapy in 70% of cases. Ovarian cancers are heterogenous cancers where each subtype possesses a varied morphology and biologic behavior. Accumulating evidence has identified each of these subtypes characterized with specific pathways activated in each along with specific gene alterations. For example, high-grade serous ovarian cancer is characterized by universal TP53 mutation, mucinous ovarian cancer with KRAS mutation and clear cell or endometrioid ovarian cancers with ARID1A mutations. With the current focus of molecular-targeted therapies for cancer, such druggable markers serve as excellent targets for precision therapy and combination therapy. This chapter, provides an overview of the critical molecular pathways activated in the ovarian cancer subtypes with its druggable targets studied in ovarian cancer. We also highlight the implications of miRNAs in chemoresistance and sensitivity in the regulation of ovarian cancer.",book:{id:"10342",slug:"ovarian-cancer-updates-in-tumour-biology-and-therapeutics",title:"Ovarian Cancer",fullTitle:"Ovarian Cancer - Updates in Tumour Biology and Therapeutics"},signatures:"Febina Ravindran and Bibha Choudhary",authors:[{id:"334121",title:"Prof.",name:"Bibha",middleName:null,surname:"Choudhary",slug:"bibha-choudhary",fullName:"Bibha Choudhary"},{id:"335007",title:"Dr.",name:"Febina",middleName:null,surname:"Ravindran",slug:"febina-ravindran",fullName:"Febina Ravindran"}]},{id:"42501",title:"Implication of Clear Cell and Mucinous Histology",slug:"implication-of-clear-cell-and-mucinous-histology",totalDownloads:2362,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,abstract:null,book:{id:"3449",slug:"ovarian-cancer-a-clinical-and-translational-update",title:"Ovarian Cancer",fullTitle:"Ovarian Cancer - A Clinical and Translational Update"},signatures:"Jun Naniwa, Hiroaki Itamochi and Junzo Kigawa",authors:[{id:"158925",title:"Prof.",name:"Junzo",middleName:null,surname:"Kigawa",slug:"junzo-kigawa",fullName:"Junzo Kigawa"}]},{id:"74781",title:"The Anti-Cancer Effects of Anti-Parasite Drug Ivermectin in Ovarian Cancer",slug:"the-anti-cancer-effects-of-anti-parasite-drug-ivermectin-in-ovarian-cancer",totalDownloads:900,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,abstract:"Ivermectin is an old, common, and classic anti-parasite drug, which has been found to have a broad-spectrum anti-cancer effect on multiple human cancers. This chapter will focus on the anti-cancer effects of ivermectin on ovarian cancer. First, ivermectin was found to suppress cell proliferation and growth, block cell cycle progression, and promote cell apoptosis in ovarian cancer. Second, drug pathway network, qRT-PCR, and immunoaffinity blot analyses found that ivermectin acts through molecular networks to target the key molecules in energy metabolism pathways, including PFKP in glycolysis, IDH2 and IDH3B in Kreb’s cycle, ND2, ND5, CYTB, and UQCRH in oxidative phosphorylation, and MCT1 and MCT4 in lactate shuttle, to inhibit ovarian cancer growth. Third, the integrative analysis of TCGA transcriptomics and mitochondrial proteomics in ovarian cancer revealed that 16 survival-related lncRNAs were mediated by ivermectin, SILAC quantitative proteomics analysis revealed that ivermectin extensively inhibited the expressions of RNA-binding protein EIF4A3 and 116 EIF4A3-interacted genes including those key molecules in energy metabolism pathways, and also those lncRNAs regulated EIF4A3-mRNA axes. Thus, ivermectin mediated lncRNA-EIF4A3-mRNA axes in ovarian cancer to exert its anticancer capability. Further, lasso regression identified the prognostic model of ivermectin-related three-lncRNA signature (ZNRF3-AS1, SOS1-IT1, and LINC00565), which is significantly associated with overall survival and clinicopathologic characteristics in ovarian cancer patients. These ivermectin-related molecular pattern alterations benefit for prognostic assessment and personalized drug therapy toward 3P medicine practice in ovarian cancer.",book:{id:"10342",slug:"ovarian-cancer-updates-in-tumour-biology-and-therapeutics",title:"Ovarian Cancer",fullTitle:"Ovarian Cancer - Updates in Tumour Biology and Therapeutics"},signatures:"Xianquan Zhan and Na Li",authors:[{id:"223233",title:"Prof.",name:"Xianquan",middleName:null,surname:"Zhan",slug:"xianquan-zhan",fullName:"Xianquan Zhan"},{id:"438269",title:"Dr.",name:"Na",middleName:null,surname:"Li",slug:"na-li",fullName:"Na Li"}]},{id:"43345",title:"Surgical Treatment of Ovarian Cancer",slug:"surgical-treatment-of-ovarian-cancer",totalDownloads:2960,totalCrossrefCites:1,totalDimensionsCites:4,abstract:null,book:{id:"3449",slug:"ovarian-cancer-a-clinical-and-translational-update",title:"Ovarian Cancer",fullTitle:"Ovarian Cancer - A Clinical and Translational Update"},signatures:"Lucas Minig, M. Guadalupe Patrono, Rafael Alvarez Gallego, Javier Valero de Bernabé and Ivan Diaz-Padilla",authors:[{id:"165452",title:"Dr.",name:"Lucas",middleName:null,surname:"Minig",slug:"lucas-minig",fullName:"Lucas Minig"},{id:"165453",title:"Dr.",name:"Guadalupe",middleName:null,surname:"Patrono",slug:"guadalupe-patrono",fullName:"Guadalupe Patrono"},{id:"166869",title:"Dr.",name:"Iván",middleName:null,surname:"Diaz Padilla",slug:"ivan-diaz-padilla",fullName:"Iván Diaz Padilla"},{id:"167178",title:"Dr.",name:"Rafael",middleName:null,surname:"Alvarez Gallego",slug:"rafael-alvarez-gallego",fullName:"Rafael Alvarez Gallego"},{id:"167179",title:"Dr.",name:"Javier",middleName:null,surname:"Valero De Bernabe",slug:"javier-valero-de-bernabe",fullName:"Javier Valero De Bernabe"}]}],onlineFirstChaptersFilter:{topicId:"1066",limit:6,offset:0},onlineFirstChaptersCollection:[],onlineFirstChaptersTotal:0},preDownload:{success:null,errors:{}},subscriptionForm:{success:null,errors:{}},aboutIntechopen:{},privacyPolicy:{},peerReviewing:{},howOpenAccessPublishingWithIntechopenWorks:{},sponsorshipBooks:{sponsorshipBooks:[],offset:8,limit:8,total:0},allSeries:{pteSeriesList:[{id:"14",title:"Artificial Intelligence",numberOfPublishedBooks:9,numberOfPublishedChapters:90,numberOfOpenTopics:6,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2633-1403",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.79920",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"7",title:"Biomedical Engineering",numberOfPublishedBooks:12,numberOfPublishedChapters:104,numberOfOpenTopics:3,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2631-5343",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.71985",isOpenForSubmission:!0}],lsSeriesList:[{id:"11",title:"Biochemistry",numberOfPublishedBooks:32,numberOfPublishedChapters:320,numberOfOpenTopics:4,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2632-0983",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.72877",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"25",title:"Environmental Sciences",numberOfPublishedBooks:1,numberOfPublishedChapters:12,numberOfOpenTopics:4,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2754-6713",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.100362",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"10",title:"Physiology",numberOfPublishedBooks:11,numberOfPublishedChapters:141,numberOfOpenTopics:4,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2631-8261",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.72796",isOpenForSubmission:!0}],hsSeriesList:[{id:"3",title:"Dentistry",numberOfPublishedBooks:8,numberOfPublishedChapters:133,numberOfOpenTopics:2,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2631-6218",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.71199",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"6",title:"Infectious Diseases",numberOfPublishedBooks:13,numberOfPublishedChapters:113,numberOfOpenTopics:3,numberOfUpcomingTopics:1,issn:"2631-6188",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.71852",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"13",title:"Veterinary Medicine and Science",numberOfPublishedBooks:11,numberOfPublishedChapters:107,numberOfOpenTopics:3,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2632-0517",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.73681",isOpenForSubmission:!0}],sshSeriesList:[{id:"22",title:"Business, Management and Economics",numberOfPublishedBooks:1,numberOfPublishedChapters:19,numberOfOpenTopics:3,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2753-894X",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.100359",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"23",title:"Education and Human Development",numberOfPublishedBooks:0,numberOfPublishedChapters:5,numberOfOpenTopics:1,numberOfUpcomingTopics:1,issn:null,doi:"10.5772/intechopen.100360",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"24",title:"Sustainable Development",numberOfPublishedBooks:0,numberOfPublishedChapters:16,numberOfOpenTopics:5,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:null,doi:"10.5772/intechopen.100361",isOpenForSubmission:!0}],testimonialsList:[{id:"6",text:"It is great to work with the IntechOpen to produce a worthwhile collection of research that also becomes a great educational resource and guide for future research endeavors.",author:{id:"259298",name:"Edward",surname:"Narayan",institutionString:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/259298/images/system/259298.jpeg",slug:"edward-narayan",institution:{id:"3",name:"University of Queensland",country:{id:null,name:"Australia"}}}},{id:"13",text:"The collaboration with and support of the technical staff of IntechOpen is fantastic. The whole process of submitting an article and editing of the submitted article goes extremely smooth and fast, the number of reads and downloads of chapters is high, and the contributions are also frequently cited.",author:{id:"55578",name:"Antonio",surname:"Jurado-Navas",institutionString:null,profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bRisIQAS/Profile_Picture_1626166543950",slug:"antonio-jurado-navas",institution:{id:"720",name:"University of Malaga",country:{id:null,name:"Spain"}}}}]},series:{item:{id:"14",title:"Artificial Intelligence",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.79920",issn:"2633-1403",scope:"Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a rapidly developing multidisciplinary research area that aims to solve increasingly complex problems. In today's highly integrated world, AI promises to become a robust and powerful means for obtaining solutions to previously unsolvable problems. This Series is intended for researchers and students alike interested in this fascinating field and its many applications.",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series/covers/14.jpg",latestPublicationDate:"July 5th, 2022",hasOnlineFirst:!0,numberOfPublishedBooks:9,editor:{id:"218714",title:"Prof.",name:"Andries",middleName:null,surname:"Engelbrecht",slug:"andries-engelbrecht",fullName:"Andries Engelbrecht",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bRNR8QAO/Profile_Picture_1622640468300",biography:"Andries Engelbrecht received the Masters and PhD degrees in Computer Science from the University of Stellenbosch, South Africa, in 1994 and 1999 respectively. He is currently appointed as the Voigt Chair in Data Science in the Department of Industrial Engineering, with a joint appointment as Professor in the Computer Science Division, Stellenbosch University. Prior to his appointment at Stellenbosch University, he has been at the University of Pretoria, Department of Computer Science (1998-2018), where he was appointed as South Africa Research Chair in Artifical Intelligence (2007-2018), the head of the Department of Computer Science (2008-2017), and Director of the Institute for Big Data and Data Science (2017-2018). In addition to a number of research articles, he has written two books, Computational Intelligence: An Introduction and Fundamentals of Computational Swarm Intelligence.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Stellenbosch University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"South Africa"}}},editorTwo:null,editorThree:null},subseries:{paginationCount:6,paginationItems:[{id:"22",title:"Applied Intelligence",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/22.jpg",isOpenForSubmission:!0,editor:{id:"27170",title:"Prof.",name:"Carlos",middleName:"M.",surname:"Travieso-Gonzalez",slug:"carlos-travieso-gonzalez",fullName:"Carlos Travieso-Gonzalez",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/27170/images/system/27170.jpeg",biography:"Carlos M. Travieso-González received his MSc degree in Telecommunication Engineering at Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC), Spain in 1997, and his Ph.D. degree in 2002 at the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC-Spain). He is a full professor of signal processing and pattern recognition and is head of the Signals and Communications Department at ULPGC, teaching from 2001 on subjects on signal processing and learning theory. His research lines are biometrics, biomedical signals and images, data mining, classification system, signal and image processing, machine learning, and environmental intelligence. He has researched in 52 international and Spanish research projects, some of them as head researcher. He is co-author of 4 books, co-editor of 27 proceedings books, guest editor for 8 JCR-ISI international journals, and up to 24 book chapters. He has over 450 papers published in international journals and conferences (81 of them indexed on JCR – ISI - Web of Science). He has published seven patents in the Spanish Patent and Trademark Office. He has been a supervisor on 8 Ph.D. theses (11 more are under supervision), and 130 master theses. He is the founder of The IEEE IWOBI conference series and the president of its Steering Committee, as well as the founder of both the InnoEducaTIC and APPIS conference series. He is an evaluator of project proposals for the European Union (H2020), Medical Research Council (MRC, UK), Spanish Government (ANECA, Spain), Research National Agency (ANR, France), DAAD (Germany), Argentinian Government, and the Colombian Institutions. He has been a reviewer in different indexed international journals (<70) and conferences (<250) since 2001. He has been a member of the IASTED Technical Committee on Image Processing from 2007 and a member of the IASTED Technical Committee on Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems from 2011. \n\nHe has held the general chair position for the following: ACM-APPIS (2020, 2021), IEEE-IWOBI (2019, 2020 and 2020), A PPIS (2018, 2019), IEEE-IWOBI (2014, 2015, 2017, 2018), InnoEducaTIC (2014, 2017), IEEE-INES (2013), NoLISP (2011), JRBP (2012), and IEEE-ICCST (2005)\n\nHe is an associate editor of the Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience Journal (Hindawi – Q2 JCR-ISI). He was vice dean from 2004 to 2010 in the Higher Technical School of Telecommunication Engineers at ULPGC and the vice dean of Graduate and Postgraduate Studies from March 2013 to November 2017. He won the “Catedra Telefonica” Awards in Modality of Knowledge Transfer, 2017, 2018, and 2019 editions, and awards in Modality of COVID Research in 2020.\n\nPublic References:\nResearcher ID http://www.researcherid.com/rid/N-5967-2014\nORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4621-2768 \nScopus Author ID https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6602376272\nScholar Google https://scholar.google.es/citations?user=G1ks9nIAAAAJ&hl=en \nResearchGate https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Carlos_Travieso",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Spain"}}},editorTwo:null,editorThree:null},{id:"23",title:"Computational Neuroscience",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/23.jpg",isOpenForSubmission:!0,editor:{id:"14004",title:"Dr.",name:"Magnus",middleName:null,surname:"Johnsson",slug:"magnus-johnsson",fullName:"Magnus Johnsson",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/14004/images/system/14004.png",biography:"Dr Magnus Johnsson is a cross-disciplinary scientist, lecturer, scientific editor and AI/machine learning consultant from Sweden. \n\nHe is currently at Malmö University in Sweden, but also held positions at Lund University in Sweden and at Moscow Engineering Physics Institute. \nHe holds editorial positions at several international scientific journals and has served as a scientific editor for books and special journal issues. \nHis research interests are wide and include, but are not limited to, autonomous systems, computer modeling, artificial neural networks, artificial intelligence, cognitive neuroscience, cognitive robotics, cognitive architectures, cognitive aids and the philosophy of mind. \n\nDr. Johnsson has experience from working in the industry and he has a keen interest in the application of neural networks and artificial intelligence to fields like industry, finance, and medicine. \n\nWeb page: www.magnusjohnsson.se",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Malmö University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Sweden"}}},editorTwo:null,editorThree:null},{id:"24",title:"Computer Vision",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/24.jpg",isOpenForSubmission:!0,editor:{id:"294154",title:"Prof.",name:"George",middleName:null,surname:"Papakostas",slug:"george-papakostas",fullName:"George Papakostas",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002hYaGbQAK/Profile_Picture_1624519712088",biography:"George A. Papakostas has received a diploma in Electrical and Computer Engineering in 1999 and the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical and Computer Engineering in 2002 and 2007, respectively, from the Democritus University of Thrace (DUTH), Greece. Dr. Papakostas serves as a Tenured Full Professor at the Department of Computer Science, International Hellenic University, Greece. Dr. Papakostas has 10 years of experience in large-scale systems design as a senior software engineer and technical manager, and 20 years of research experience in the field of Artificial Intelligence. Currently, he is the Head of the “Visual Computing” division of HUman-MAchines INteraction Laboratory (HUMAIN-Lab) and the Director of the MPhil program “Advanced Technologies in Informatics and Computers” hosted by the Department of Computer Science, International Hellenic University. He has (co)authored more than 150 publications in indexed journals, international conferences and book chapters, 1 book (in Greek), 3 edited books, and 5 journal special issues. His publications have more than 2100 citations with h-index 27 (GoogleScholar). His research interests include computer/machine vision, machine learning, pattern recognition, computational intelligence. \nDr. Papakostas served as a reviewer in numerous journals, as a program\ncommittee member in international conferences and he is a member of the IAENG, MIR Labs, EUCogIII, INSTICC and the Technical Chamber of Greece (TEE).",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"International Hellenic University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Greece"}}},editorTwo:null,editorThree:null},{id:"25",title:"Evolutionary Computation",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/25.jpg",isOpenForSubmission:!0,editor:{id:"136112",title:"Dr.",name:"Sebastian",middleName:null,surname:"Ventura Soto",slug:"sebastian-ventura-soto",fullName:"Sebastian Ventura Soto",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/136112/images/system/136112.png",biography:"Sebastian Ventura is a Spanish researcher, a full professor with the Department of Computer Science and Numerical Analysis, University of Córdoba. Dr Ventura also holds the positions of Affiliated Professor at Virginia Commonwealth University (Richmond, USA) and Distinguished Adjunct Professor at King Abdulaziz University (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia). Additionally, he is deputy director of the Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI) and heads the Knowledge Discovery and Intelligent Systems Research Laboratory. He has published more than ten books and over 300 articles in journals and scientific conferences. Currently, his work has received over 18,000 citations according to Google Scholar, including more than 2200 citations in 2020. In the last five years, he has published more than 60 papers in international journals indexed in the JCR (around 70% of them belonging to first quartile journals) and he has edited some Springer books “Supervised Descriptive Pattern Mining” (2018), “Multiple Instance Learning - Foundations and Algorithms” (2016), and “Pattern Mining with Evolutionary Algorithms” (2016). He has also been involved in more than 20 research projects supported by the Spanish and Andalusian governments and the European Union. He currently belongs to the editorial board of PeerJ Computer Science, Information Fusion and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence journals, being also associate editor of Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing and IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics. Finally, he is editor-in-chief of Progress in Artificial Intelligence. He is a Senior Member of the IEEE Computer, the IEEE Computational Intelligence, and the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Societies, and the Association of Computing Machinery (ACM). Finally, his main research interests include data science, computational intelligence, and their applications.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Córdoba",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Spain"}}},editorTwo:null,editorThree:null},{id:"26",title:"Machine Learning and Data Mining",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/26.jpg",isOpenForSubmission:!0,editor:{id:"24555",title:"Dr.",name:"Marco Antonio",middleName:null,surname:"Aceves Fernandez",slug:"marco-antonio-aceves-fernandez",fullName:"Marco Antonio Aceves Fernandez",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/24555/images/system/24555.jpg",biography:"Dr. Marco Antonio Aceves Fernandez obtained his B.Sc. (Eng.) in Telematics from the Universidad de Colima, Mexico. He obtained both his M.Sc. and Ph.D. from the University of Liverpool, England, in the field of Intelligent Systems. He is a full professor at the Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro, Mexico, and a member of the National System of Researchers (SNI) since 2009. Dr. Aceves Fernandez has published more than 80 research papers as well as a number of book chapters and congress papers. He has contributed in more than 20 funded research projects, both academic and industrial, in the area of artificial intelligence, ranging from environmental, biomedical, automotive, aviation, consumer, and robotics to other applications. He is also a honorary president at the National Association of Embedded Systems (AMESE), a senior member of the IEEE, and a board member of many institutions. His research interests include intelligent and embedded systems.",institutionString:"Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro",institution:{name:"Autonomous University of Queretaro",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Mexico"}}},editorTwo:null,editorThree:null},{id:"27",title:"Multi-Agent Systems",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/27.jpg",isOpenForSubmission:!0,editor:{id:"148497",title:"Dr.",name:"Mehmet",middleName:"Emin",surname:"Aydin",slug:"mehmet-aydin",fullName:"Mehmet Aydin",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/148497/images/system/148497.jpg",biography:"Dr. Mehmet Emin Aydin is a Senior Lecturer with the Department of Computer Science and Creative Technology, the University of the West of England, Bristol, UK. His research interests include swarm intelligence, parallel and distributed metaheuristics, machine learning, intelligent agents and multi-agent systems, resource planning, scheduling and optimization, combinatorial optimization. Dr. Aydin is currently a Fellow of Higher Education Academy, UK, a member of EPSRC College, a senior member of IEEE and a senior member of ACM. In addition to being a member of advisory committees of many international conferences, he is an Editorial Board Member of various peer-reviewed international journals. He has served as guest editor for a number of special issues of peer-reviewed international journals.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of the West of England",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"United Kingdom"}}},editorTwo:null,editorThree:null}]},overviewPageOFChapters:{paginationCount:20,paginationItems:[{id:"82526",title:"Deep Multiagent Reinforcement Learning Methods Addressing the Scalability Challenge",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.105627",signatures:"Theocharis Kravaris and George A. Vouros",slug:"deep-multiagent-reinforcement-learning-methods-addressing-the-scalability-challenge",totalDownloads:1,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Multi-Agent Technologies and Machine Learning",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11445.jpg",subseries:{id:"27",title:"Multi-Agent Systems"}}},{id:"82196",title:"Multi-Features Assisted Age Invariant Face Recognition and Retrieval Using CNN with Scale Invariant Heat Kernel Signature",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.104944",signatures:"Kamarajugadda Kishore Kumar and Movva Pavani",slug:"multi-features-assisted-age-invariant-face-recognition-and-retrieval-using-cnn-with-scale-invariant-",totalDownloads:6,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Pattern Recognition - New Insights",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11442.jpg",subseries:{id:"26",title:"Machine Learning and Data Mining"}}},{id:"82063",title:"Evaluating Similarities and Differences between Machine Learning and Traditional Statistical Modeling in Healthcare Analytics",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.105116",signatures:"Michele Bennett, Ewa J. Kleczyk, Karin Hayes and Rajesh Mehta",slug:"evaluating-similarities-and-differences-between-machine-learning-and-traditional-statistical-modelin",totalDownloads:6,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Machine Learning and Data Mining - Annual Volume 2022",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11422.jpg",subseries:{id:"26",title:"Machine Learning and Data Mining"}}},{id:"81791",title:"Self-Supervised Contrastive Representation Learning in Computer Vision",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.104785",signatures:"Yalin Bastanlar and Semih Orhan",slug:"self-supervised-contrastive-representation-learning-in-computer-vision",totalDownloads:30,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Pattern Recognition - New Insights",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11442.jpg",subseries:{id:"26",title:"Machine Learning and Data Mining"}}}]},overviewPagePublishedBooks:{paginationCount:9,paginationItems:[{type:"book",id:"7723",title:"Artificial Intelligence",subtitle:"Applications in Medicine and Biology",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/7723.jpg",slug:"artificial-intelligence-applications-in-medicine-and-biology",publishedDate:"July 31st 2019",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Marco Antonio Aceves-Fernandez",hash:"a3852659e727f95c98c740ed98146011",volumeInSeries:1,fullTitle:"Artificial Intelligence - Applications in Medicine and Biology",editors:[{id:"24555",title:"Dr.",name:"Marco Antonio",middleName:null,surname:"Aceves Fernandez",slug:"marco-antonio-aceves-fernandez",fullName:"Marco Antonio Aceves Fernandez",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/24555/images/system/24555.jpg",biography:"Dr. Marco Antonio Aceves Fernandez obtained his B.Sc. (Eng.) in Telematics from the Universidad de Colima, Mexico. He obtained both his M.Sc. and Ph.D. from the University of Liverpool, England, in the field of Intelligent Systems. He is a full professor at the Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro, Mexico, and a member of the National System of Researchers (SNI) since 2009. Dr. Aceves Fernandez has published more than 80 research papers as well as a number of book chapters and congress papers. He has contributed in more than 20 funded research projects, both academic and industrial, in the area of artificial intelligence, ranging from environmental, biomedical, automotive, aviation, consumer, and robotics to other applications. He is also a honorary president at the National Association of Embedded Systems (AMESE), a senior member of the IEEE, and a board member of many institutions. His research interests include intelligent and embedded systems.",institutionString:"Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro",institution:{name:"Autonomous University of Queretaro",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Mexico"}}}]},{type:"book",id:"7726",title:"Swarm Intelligence",subtitle:"Recent Advances, New Perspectives and Applications",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/7726.jpg",slug:"swarm-intelligence-recent-advances-new-perspectives-and-applications",publishedDate:"December 4th 2019",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Javier Del Ser, Esther Villar and Eneko Osaba",hash:"e7ea7e74ce7a7a8e5359629e07c68d31",volumeInSeries:2,fullTitle:"Swarm Intelligence - Recent Advances, New Perspectives and Applications",editors:[{id:"49813",title:"Dr.",name:"Javier",middleName:null,surname:"Del Ser",slug:"javier-del-ser",fullName:"Javier Del Ser",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/49813/images/system/49813.png",biography:"Prof. Dr. Javier Del Ser received his first PhD in Telecommunication Engineering (Cum Laude) from the University of Navarra, Spain, in 2006, and a second PhD in Computational Intelligence (Summa Cum Laude) from the University of Alcala, Spain, in 2013. He is currently a principal researcher in data analytics and optimisation at TECNALIA (Spain), a visiting fellow at the Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM) and a part-time lecturer at the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). His research interests gravitate on the use of descriptive, prescriptive and predictive algorithms for data mining and optimization in a diverse range of application fields such as Energy, Transport, Telecommunications, Health and Industry, among others. In these fields he has published more than 240 articles, co-supervised 8 Ph.D. theses, edited 6 books, coauthored 7 patents and participated/led more than 40 research projects. He is a Senior Member of the IEEE, and a recipient of the Biscay Talent prize for his academic career.",institutionString:"Tecnalia Research & Innovation",institution:null}]},{type:"book",id:"7656",title:"Fuzzy Logic",subtitle:null,coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/7656.jpg",slug:"fuzzy-logic",publishedDate:"February 5th 2020",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Constantin Volosencu",hash:"54f092d4ffe0abf5e4172a80025019bc",volumeInSeries:3,fullTitle:"Fuzzy Logic",editors:[{id:"1063",title:"Prof.",name:"Constantin",middleName:null,surname:"Volosencu",slug:"constantin-volosencu",fullName:"Constantin Volosencu",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/1063/images/system/1063.png",biography:"Prof. Dr. Constantin Voloşencu graduated as an engineer from\nPolitehnica University of Timișoara, Romania, where he also\nobtained a doctorate degree. He is currently a full professor in\nthe Department of Automation and Applied Informatics at the\nsame university. Dr. Voloşencu is the author of ten books, seven\nbook chapters, and more than 160 papers published in journals\nand conference proceedings. He has also edited twelve books and\nhas twenty-seven patents to his name. He is a manager of research grants, editor in\nchief and member of international journal editorial boards, a former plenary speaker, a member of scientific committees, and chair at international conferences. His\nresearch is in the fields of control systems, control of electric drives, fuzzy control\nsystems, neural network applications, fault detection and diagnosis, sensor network\napplications, monitoring of distributed parameter systems, and power ultrasound\napplications. He has developed automation equipment for machine tools, spooling\nmachines, high-power ultrasound processes, and more.",institutionString:"Polytechnic University of Timişoara",institution:{name:"Polytechnic University of Timişoara",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Romania"}}}]},{type:"book",id:"9963",title:"Advances and Applications in Deep Learning",subtitle:null,coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/9963.jpg",slug:"advances-and-applications-in-deep-learning",publishedDate:"December 9th 2020",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Marco Antonio Aceves-Fernandez",hash:"0d51ba46f22e55cb89140f60d86a071e",volumeInSeries:4,fullTitle:"Advances and Applications in Deep Learning",editors:[{id:"24555",title:"Dr.",name:"Marco Antonio",middleName:null,surname:"Aceves Fernandez",slug:"marco-antonio-aceves-fernandez",fullName:"Marco Antonio Aceves Fernandez",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/24555/images/system/24555.jpg",biography:"Dr. Marco Antonio Aceves Fernandez obtained his B.Sc. (Eng.) in Telematics from the Universidad de Colima, Mexico. He obtained both his M.Sc. and Ph.D. from the University of Liverpool, England, in the field of Intelligent Systems. He is a full professor at the Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro, Mexico, and a member of the National System of Researchers (SNI) since 2009. Dr. Aceves Fernandez has published more than 80 research papers as well as a number of book chapters and congress papers. He has contributed in more than 20 funded research projects, both academic and industrial, in the area of artificial intelligence, ranging from environmental, biomedical, automotive, aviation, consumer, and robotics to other applications. He is also a honorary president at the National Association of Embedded Systems (AMESE), a senior member of the IEEE, and a board member of many institutions. His research interests include intelligent and embedded systems.",institutionString:"Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro",institution:{name:"Autonomous University of Queretaro",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Mexico"}}}]}]},openForSubmissionBooks:{paginationCount:1,paginationItems:[{id:"11478",title:"Recent Advances in the Study of Dyslexia",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11478.jpg",hash:"26764a18c6b776698823e0e1c3022d2f",secondStepPassed:!0,currentStepOfPublishingProcess:3,submissionDeadline:"June 30th 2022",isOpenForSubmission:!0,editors:[{id:"294281",title:"Prof.",name:"Jonathan",surname:"Glazzard",slug:"jonathan-glazzard",fullName:"Jonathan Glazzard"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null}]},onlineFirstChapters:{paginationCount:10,paginationItems:[{id:"82380",title:"Evolution of Parasitism and Pathogenic Adaptations in Certain Medically Important Fungi",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.105206",signatures:"Gokul Shankar Sabesan, Ranjit Singh AJA, Ranjith Mehenderkar and Basanta Kumar Mohanty",slug:"evolution-of-parasitism-and-pathogenic-adaptations-in-certain-medically-important-fungi",totalDownloads:6,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Fungal Infectious Diseases - Annual Volume 2022",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11400.jpg",subseries:{id:"4",title:"Fungal Infectious Diseases"}}},{id:"82367",title:"Spatial Variation and Factors Associated with Unsuppressed HIV Viral Load among Women in an HIV Hyperendemic Area of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.105547",signatures:"Adenike O. Soogun, Ayesha B.M. Kharsany, Temesgen Zewotir and Delia North",slug:"spatial-variation-and-factors-associated-with-unsuppressed-hiv-viral-load-among-women-in-an-hiv-hype",totalDownloads:13,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"HIV-AIDS - Updates, Perspectives and Applications",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11575.jpg",subseries:{id:"6",title:"Viral Infectious Diseases"}}},{id:"82193",title:"Enterococcal Infections: Recent Nomenclature and emerging trends",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.104792",signatures:"Kavita Raja",slug:"enterococcal-infections-recent-nomenclature-and-emerging-trends",totalDownloads:7,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Streptococcal Infections",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10828.jpg",subseries:{id:"3",title:"Bacterial Infectious Diseases"}}},{id:"82207",title:"Management Strategies in Perinatal HIV",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.105451",signatures:"Kayla Aleshire and Rima Bazzi",slug:"management-strategies-in-perinatal-hiv",totalDownloads:8,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"HIV-AIDS - Updates, Perspectives and Applications",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11575.jpg",subseries:{id:"6",title:"Viral Infectious Diseases"}}},{id:"82013",title:"Streamlining Laboratory Tests for HIV Detection",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.105096",signatures:"Ramakrishna Prakash and Mysore Krishnamurthy Yashaswini",slug:"streamlining-laboratory-tests-for-hiv-detection",totalDownloads:3,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"HIV-AIDS - Updates, Perspectives and Applications",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11575.jpg",subseries:{id:"6",title:"Viral Infectious Diseases"}}},{id:"81972",title:"The Submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa; Current Understanding of the Host Immune System and New Perspectives",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.105086",signatures:"Kwame Kumi Asare",slug:"the-submicroscopic-plasmodium-falciparum-malaria-in-sub-saharan-africa-current-understanding-of-the-",totalDownloads:5,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Malaria - Recent Advances, and New Perspectives",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11576.jpg",subseries:{id:"5",title:"Parasitic Infectious Diseases"}}},{id:"81821",title:"Pneumococcal Carriage in Jordanian Children and the Importance of Vaccination",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.104999",signatures:"Adnan Al-Lahham",slug:"pneumococcal-carriage-in-jordanian-children-and-the-importance-of-vaccination",totalDownloads:6,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Streptococcal Infections",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10828.jpg",subseries:{id:"3",title:"Bacterial Infectious Diseases"}}},{id:"81813",title:"Schistosomiasis: Discovery of New Molecules for Disease Treatment and Vaccine Development",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.104738",signatures:"Andressa Barban do Patrocinio",slug:"schistosomiasis-discovery-of-new-molecules-for-disease-treatment-and-vaccine-development",totalDownloads:17,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"New Horizons for Schistosomiasis Research",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10829.jpg",subseries:{id:"5",title:"Parasitic Infectious Diseases"}}},{id:"81644",title:"Perspective Chapter: Ethics of Using Placebo Controlled Trials for Covid-19 Vaccine Development in Vulnerable Populations",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.104776",signatures:"Lesley Burgess, Jurie Jordaan and Matthew Wilson",slug:"perspective-chapter-ethics-of-using-placebo-controlled-trials-for-covid-19-vaccine-development-in-vu",totalDownloads:22,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"SARS-CoV-2 Variants - Two Years After",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11573.jpg",subseries:{id:"6",title:"Viral Infectious Diseases"}}},{id:"80546",title:"Streptococcal Skin and Skin-Structure Infections",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.102894",signatures:"Alwyn Rapose",slug:"streptococcal-skin-and-skin-structure-infections",totalDownloads:64,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Streptococcal Infections",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10828.jpg",subseries:{id:"3",title:"Bacterial Infectious Diseases"}}}]},subseriesFiltersForOFChapters:[{caption:"Fungal Infectious Diseases",value:4,count:1,group:"subseries"},{caption:"Parasitic Infectious Diseases",value:5,count:2,group:"subseries"},{caption:"Bacterial Infectious Diseases",value:3,count:3,group:"subseries"},{caption:"Viral Infectious Diseases",value:6,count:4,group:"subseries"}],publishedBooks:{paginationCount:32,paginationItems:[{type:"book",id:"10798",title:"Starch",subtitle:"Evolution and Recent Advances",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10798.jpg",slug:"starch-evolution-and-recent-advances",publishedDate:"June 28th 2022",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Martins Ochubiojo Emeje",hash:"f197f6062c1574a9a90e50a369271bcf",volumeInSeries:33,fullTitle:"Starch - Evolution and Recent Advances",editors:[{id:"94311",title:"Prof.",name:"Martins",middleName:"Ochubiojo",surname:"Ochubiojo Emeje",slug:"martins-ochubiojo-emeje",fullName:"Martins Ochubiojo Emeje",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/94311/images/system/94311.jpeg",institutionString:"National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development",institution:{name:"National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Nigeria"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null},{type:"book",id:"11332",title:"Essential Oils",subtitle:"Advances in Extractions and Biological Applications",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11332.jpg",slug:"essential-oils-advances-in-extractions-and-biological-applications",publishedDate:"June 23rd 2022",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Mozaniel Santana de Oliveira and Eloisa Helena de Aguiar Andrade",hash:"742e6cae3a35686f975edc8d7f9afa94",volumeInSeries:32,fullTitle:"Essential Oils - Advances in Extractions and Biological Applications",editors:[{id:"195290",title:"Ph.D.",name:"Mozaniel",middleName:null,surname:"Santana De Oliveira",slug:"mozaniel-santana-de-oliveira",fullName:"Mozaniel Santana De Oliveira",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/195290/images/system/195290.png",institutionString:"Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi",institution:{name:"Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Brazil"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null},{type:"book",id:"10839",title:"Protein Detection",subtitle:null,coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10839.jpg",slug:"protein-detection",publishedDate:"June 23rd 2022",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Yusuf Tutar and Lütfi Tutar",hash:"2f1c0e4e0207fc45c936e7d22a5369c4",volumeInSeries:31,fullTitle:"Protein Detection",editors:[{id:"158492",title:"Prof.",name:"Yusuf",middleName:null,surname:"Tutar",slug:"yusuf-tutar",fullName:"Yusuf Tutar",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/158492/images/system/158492.jpeg",institutionString:"University of Health Sciences",institution:null}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null},{type:"book",id:"10797",title:"Cell Culture",subtitle:"Advanced Technology and Applications in Medical and Life Sciences",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10797.jpg",slug:"cell-culture-advanced-technology-and-applications-in-medical-and-life-sciences",publishedDate:"June 15th 2022",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Xianquan Zhan",hash:"2c628f4757f9639a4450728d839a7842",volumeInSeries:30,fullTitle:"Cell Culture - Advanced Technology and Applications in Medical and Life Sciences",editors:[{id:"223233",title:"Prof.",name:"Xianquan",middleName:null,surname:"Zhan",slug:"xianquan-zhan",fullName:"Xianquan Zhan",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/223233/images/system/223233.png",institutionString:"Shandong First Medical University",institution:{name:"Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"China"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null},{type:"book",id:"10841",title:"Hydrolases",subtitle:null,coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10841.jpg",slug:"hydrolases",publishedDate:"June 15th 2022",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Sajjad Haider, Adnan Haider and Angel Catalá",hash:"4e868cde273d65a7ff54b1817d640629",volumeInSeries:29,fullTitle:"Hydrolases",editors:[{id:"110708",title:"Dr.",name:"Sajjad",middleName:null,surname:"Haider",slug:"sajjad-haider",fullName:"Sajjad Haider",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/110708/images/system/110708.png",institutionString:"King Saud University",institution:{name:"King Saud University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Saudi Arabia"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null},{type:"book",id:"10803",title:"Reactive Oxygen Species",subtitle:null,coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10803.jpg",slug:"reactive-oxygen-species",publishedDate:"April 28th 2022",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Rizwan Ahmad",hash:"176adcf090fdd1f93cb8ce3146e79ca1",volumeInSeries:28,fullTitle:"Reactive Oxygen Species",editors:[{id:"40482",title:null,name:"Rizwan",middleName:null,surname:"Ahmad",slug:"rizwan-ahmad",fullName:"Rizwan Ahmad",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/40482/images/system/40482.jpeg",institutionString:"Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University",institution:{name:"Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Saudi Arabia"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null},{type:"book",id:"9008",title:"Vitamin K",subtitle:"Recent Topics on the Biology and Chemistry",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/9008.jpg",slug:"vitamin-k-recent-topics-on-the-biology-and-chemistry",publishedDate:"March 23rd 2022",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Hiroyuki Kagechika and Hitoshi Shirakawa",hash:"8b43add5389ba85743e0a9491e4b9943",volumeInSeries:27,fullTitle:"Vitamin K - Recent Topics on the Biology and Chemistry",editors:[{id:"180528",title:"Dr.",name:"Hiroyuki",middleName:null,surname:"Kagechika",slug:"hiroyuki-kagechika",fullName:"Hiroyuki Kagechika",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/180528/images/system/180528.jpg",institutionString:"Tokyo Medical and Dental University",institution:{name:"Tokyo Medical and Dental University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Japan"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null},{type:"book",id:"10799",title:"Phenolic Compounds",subtitle:"Chemistry, Synthesis, Diversity, Non-Conventional Industrial, Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Applications",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10799.jpg",slug:"phenolic-compounds-chemistry-synthesis-diversity-non-conventional-industrial-pharmaceutical-and-therapeutic-applications",publishedDate:"February 23rd 2022",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Farid A. Badria",hash:"339199f254d2987ef3167eef74fb8a38",volumeInSeries:26,fullTitle:"Phenolic Compounds - Chemistry, Synthesis, Diversity, Non-Conventional Industrial, Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Applications",editors:[{id:"41865",title:"Prof.",name:"Farid A.",middleName:null,surname:"Badria",slug:"farid-a.-badria",fullName:"Farid A. Badria",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/41865/images/system/41865.jpg",institutionString:"Mansoura University",institution:{name:"Mansoura University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Egypt"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null},{type:"book",id:"9659",title:"Fibroblasts",subtitle:"Advances in Inflammation, Autoimmunity and Cancer",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/9659.jpg",slug:"fibroblasts-advances-in-inflammation-autoimmunity-and-cancer",publishedDate:"December 22nd 2021",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Mojca Frank Bertoncelj and Katja Lakota",hash:"926fa6446f6befbd363fc74971a56de2",volumeInSeries:25,fullTitle:"Fibroblasts - Advances in Inflammation, Autoimmunity and Cancer",editors:[{id:"328755",title:"Ph.D.",name:"Mojca",middleName:null,surname:"Frank Bertoncelj",slug:"mojca-frank-bertoncelj",fullName:"Mojca Frank Bertoncelj",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/328755/images/system/328755.jpg",institutionString:"BioMed X Institute",institution:{name:"University Hospital of Zurich",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Switzerland"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null},{type:"book",id:"8977",title:"Protein Kinases",subtitle:"Promising Targets for Anticancer Drug Research",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/8977.jpg",slug:"protein-kinases-promising-targets-for-anticancer-drug-research",publishedDate:"December 8th 2021",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Rajesh Kumar Singh",hash:"6d200cc031706a565b554fdb1c478901",volumeInSeries:24,fullTitle:"Protein Kinases - Promising Targets for Anticancer Drug Research",editors:[{id:"329385",title:"Dr.",name:"Rajesh K.",middleName:"Kumar",surname:"Singh",slug:"rajesh-k.-singh",fullName:"Rajesh K. Singh",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/329385/images/system/329385.png",institutionString:"Punjab Technical University",institution:{name:"Punjab Technical University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"India"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null},{type:"book",id:"8018",title:"Extracellular Matrix",subtitle:"Developments and Therapeutics",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/8018.jpg",slug:"extracellular-matrix-developments-and-therapeutics",publishedDate:"October 27th 2021",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Rama Sashank Madhurapantula, Joseph Orgel P.R.O. and Zvi Loewy",hash:"c85e82851e80b40282ff9be99ddf2046",volumeInSeries:23,fullTitle:"Extracellular Matrix - Developments and Therapeutics",editors:[{id:"212416",title:"Dr.",name:"Rama Sashank",middleName:null,surname:"Madhurapantula",slug:"rama-sashank-madhurapantula",fullName:"Rama Sashank Madhurapantula",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/212416/images/system/212416.jpg",institutionString:"Illinois Institute of Technology",institution:{name:"Illinois Institute of Technology",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"United States of America"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null},{type:"book",id:"9759",title:"Vitamin E in Health and Disease",subtitle:"Interactions, Diseases and Health Aspects",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/9759.jpg",slug:"vitamin-e-in-health-and-disease-interactions-diseases-and-health-aspects",publishedDate:"October 6th 2021",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Pınar Erkekoglu and Júlia Scherer Santos",hash:"6c3ddcc13626110de289b57f2516ac8f",volumeInSeries:22,fullTitle:"Vitamin E in Health and Disease - Interactions, Diseases and Health Aspects",editors:[{id:"109978",title:"Prof.",name:"Pınar",middleName:null,surname:"Erkekoğlu",slug:"pinar-erkekoglu",fullName:"Pınar Erkekoğlu",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/109978/images/system/109978.jpg",institutionString:"Hacettepe University",institution:{name:"Hacettepe University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Turkey"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null}]},subseriesFiltersForPublishedBooks:[{group:"subseries",caption:"Proteomics",value:18,count:4},{group:"subseries",caption:"Metabolism",value:17,count:6},{group:"subseries",caption:"Cell and Molecular Biology",value:14,count:9},{group:"subseries",caption:"Chemical Biology",value:15,count:13}],publicationYearFilters:[{group:"publicationYear",caption:"2022",value:2022,count:8},{group:"publicationYear",caption:"2021",value:2021,count:7},{group:"publicationYear",caption:"2020",value:2020,count:12},{group:"publicationYear",caption:"2019",value:2019,count:3},{group:"publicationYear",caption:"2018",value:2018,count:2}],authors:{paginationCount:148,paginationItems:[{id:"165328",title:"Dr.",name:"Vahid",middleName:null,surname:"Asadpour",slug:"vahid-asadpour",fullName:"Vahid Asadpour",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/165328/images/system/165328.jpg",biography:"Vahid Asadpour, MS, Ph.D., is currently with the Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California. He has both an MS and Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering. He was previously a research scientist at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) and visiting professor and researcher at the University of North Dakota. He is currently working in artificial intelligence and its applications in medical signal processing. In addition, he is using digital signal processing in medical imaging and speech processing. Dr. Asadpour has developed brain-computer interfacing algorithms and has published books, book chapters, and several journal and conference papers in this field and other areas of intelligent signal processing. He has also designed medical devices, including a laser Doppler monitoring system.",institutionString:"Kaiser Permanente Southern California",institution:null},{id:"169608",title:"Prof.",name:"Marian",middleName:null,surname:"Găiceanu",slug:"marian-gaiceanu",fullName:"Marian Găiceanu",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/169608/images/system/169608.png",biography:"Prof. Dr. Marian Gaiceanu graduated from the Naval and Electrical Engineering Faculty, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Romania, in 1997. He received a Ph.D. (Magna Cum Laude) in Electrical Engineering in 2002. Since 2017, Dr. Gaiceanu has been a Ph.D. supervisor for students in Electrical Engineering. He has been employed at Dunarea de Jos University of Galati since 1996, where he is currently a professor. Dr. Gaiceanu is a member of the National Council for Attesting Titles, Diplomas and Certificates, an expert of the Executive Agency for Higher Education, Research Funding, and a member of the Senate of the Dunarea de Jos University of Galati. He has been the head of the Integrated Energy Conversion Systems and Advanced Control of Complex Processes Research Center, Romania, since 2016. He has conducted several projects in power converter systems for electrical drives, power quality, PEM and SOFC fuel cell power converters for utilities, electric vehicles, and marine applications with the Department of Regulation and Control, SIEI S.pA. (2002–2004) and the Polytechnic University of Turin, Italy (2002–2004, 2006–2007). He is a member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and cofounder-member of the IEEE Power Electronics Romanian Chapter. He is a guest editor at Energies and an academic book editor for IntechOpen. He is also a member of the editorial boards of the Journal of Electrical Engineering, Electronics, Control and Computer Science and Sustainability. Dr. Gaiceanu has been General Chairman of the IEEE International Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering in the last six editions.",institutionString:'"Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati',institution:{name:'"Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati',country:{name:"Romania"}}},{id:"4519",title:"Prof.",name:"Jaydip",middleName:null,surname:"Sen",slug:"jaydip-sen",fullName:"Jaydip Sen",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/4519/images/system/4519.jpeg",biography:"Jaydip Sen is associated with Praxis Business School, Kolkata, India, as a professor in the Department of Data Science. His research areas include security and privacy issues in computing and communication, intrusion detection systems, machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence in the financial domain. He has more than 200 publications in reputed international journals, refereed conference proceedings, and 20 book chapters in books published by internationally renowned publishing houses, such as Springer, CRC press, IGI Global, etc. Currently, he is serving on the editorial board of the prestigious journal Frontiers in Communications and Networks and in the technical program committees of a number of high-ranked international conferences organized by the IEEE, USA, and the ACM, USA. He has been listed among the top 2% of scientists in the world for the last three consecutive years, 2019 to 2021 as per studies conducted by the Stanford University, USA.",institutionString:"Praxis Business School",institution:null},{id:"320071",title:"Dr.",name:"Sidra",middleName:null,surname:"Mehtab",slug:"sidra-mehtab",fullName:"Sidra Mehtab",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0033Y00002v6KHoQAM/Profile_Picture_1584512086360",biography:"Sidra Mehtab has completed her BS with honors in Physics from Calcutta University, India in 2018. She has done MS in Data Science and Analytics from Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology (MAKAUT), Kolkata, India in 2020. Her research areas include Econometrics, Time Series Analysis, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Artificial Intelligence, and Computer and Network Security with a particular focus on Cyber Security Analytics. Ms. Mehtab has published seven papers in international conferences and one of her papers has been accepted for publication in a reputable international journal. She has won the best paper awards in two prestigious international conferences – BAICONF 2019, and ICADCML 2021, organized in the Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore, India in December 2019, and SOA University, Bhubaneswar, India in January 2021. Besides, Ms. Mehtab has also published two book chapters in two books. Seven of her book chapters will be published in a volume shortly in 2021 by Cambridge Scholars’ Press, UK. Currently, she is working as the joint editor of two edited volumes on Time Series Analysis and Forecasting to be published in the first half of 2021 by an international house. Currently, she is working as a Data Scientist with an MNC in Delhi, India.",institutionString:"NSHM College of Management and Technology",institution:null},{id:"226240",title:"Dr.",name:"Andri Irfan",middleName:null,surname:"Rifai",slug:"andri-irfan-rifai",fullName:"Andri Irfan Rifai",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/226240/images/7412_n.jpg",biography:"Andri IRFAN is a Senior Lecturer of Civil Engineering and Planning. He completed the PhD at the Universitas Indonesia & Universidade do Minho with Sandwich Program Scholarship from the Directorate General of Higher Education and LPDP scholarship. He has been teaching for more than 19 years and much active to applied his knowledge in the project construction in Indonesia. His research interest ranges from pavement management system to advanced data mining techniques for transportation engineering. He has published more than 50 papers in journals and 2 books.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Universitas Internasional Batam",country:{name:"Indonesia"}}},{id:"314576",title:"Dr.",name:"Ibai",middleName:null,surname:"Laña",slug:"ibai-lana",fullName:"Ibai Laña",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/314576/images/system/314576.jpg",biography:"Dr. Ibai Laña works at TECNALIA as a data analyst. He received his Ph.D. in Artificial Intelligence from the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Spain, in 2018. He is currently a senior researcher at TECNALIA. His research interests fall within the intersection of intelligent transportation systems, machine learning, traffic data analysis, and data science. He has dealt with urban traffic forecasting problems, applying machine learning models and evolutionary algorithms. He has experience in origin-destination matrix estimation or point of interest and trajectory detection. Working with large volumes of data has given him a good command of big data processing tools and NoSQL databases. He has also been a visiting scholar at the Knowledge Engineering and Discovery Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology.",institutionString:"TECNALIA Research & Innovation",institution:{name:"Tecnalia",country:{name:"Spain"}}},{id:"314575",title:"Dr.",name:"Jesus",middleName:null,surname:"L. Lobo",slug:"jesus-l.-lobo",fullName:"Jesus L. Lobo",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/314575/images/system/314575.png",biography:"Dr. Jesús López is currently based in Bilbao (Spain) working at TECNALIA as Artificial Intelligence Research Scientist. In most cases, a project idea or a new research line needs to be investigated to see if it is good enough to take into production or to focus on it. That is exactly what he does, diving into Machine Learning algorithms and technologies to help TECNALIA to decide whether something is great in theory or will actually impact on the product or processes of its projects. So, he is expert at framing experiments, developing hypotheses, and proving whether they’re true or not, in order to investigate fundamental problems with a longer time horizon. He is also able to design and develop PoCs and system prototypes in simulation. He has participated in several national and internacional R&D projects.\n\nAs another relevant part of his everyday research work, he usually publishes his findings in reputed scientific refereed journals and international conferences, occasionally acting as reviewer and Programme Commitee member. Concretely, since 2018 he has published 9 JCR (8 Q1) journal papers, 9 conference papers (e.g. ECML PKDD 2021), and he has co-edited a book. He is also active in popular science writing data science stories for reputed blogs (KDNuggets, TowardsDataScience, Naukas). Besides, he has recently embarked on mentoring programmes as mentor, and has also worked as data science trainer.",institutionString:"TECNALIA Research & Innovation",institution:{name:"Tecnalia",country:{name:"Spain"}}},{id:"103779",title:"Prof.",name:"Yalcin",middleName:null,surname:"Isler",slug:"yalcin-isler",fullName:"Yalcin Isler",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bRyQ8QAK/Profile_Picture_1628834958734",biography:"Yalcin Isler (1971 - Burdur / Turkey) received the B.Sc. degree in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering from Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey, in 1993, the M.Sc. degree from the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey, in 1996, the Ph.D. degree from the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey, in 2009, and the Competence of Associate Professorship from the Turkish Interuniversity Council in 2019.\n\nHe was Lecturer at Burdur Vocational School in Suleyman Demirel University (1993-2000, Burdur / Turkey), Software Engineer (2000-2002, Izmir / Turkey), Research Assistant in Bulent Ecevit University (2002-2003, Zonguldak / Turkey), Research Assistant in Dokuz Eylul University (2003-2010, Izmir / Turkey), Assistant Professor at the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering in Bulent Ecevit University (2010-2012, Zonguldak / Turkey), Assistant Professor at the Department of Biomedical Engineering in Izmir Katip Celebi University (2012-2019, Izmir / Turkey). He is an Associate Professor at the Department of Biomedical Engineering at Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir / Turkey, since 2019. In addition to academics, he has also founded Islerya Medical and Information Technologies Company, Izmir / Turkey, since 2017.\n\nHis main research interests cover biomedical signal processing, pattern recognition, medical device design, programming, and embedded systems. He has many scientific papers and participated in several projects in these study fields. He was an IEEE Student Member (2009-2011) and IEEE Member (2011-2014) and has been IEEE Senior Member since 2014.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Izmir Kâtip Çelebi University",country:{name:"Turkey"}}},{id:"339677",title:"Dr.",name:"Mrinmoy",middleName:null,surname:"Roy",slug:"mrinmoy-roy",fullName:"Mrinmoy Roy",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/339677/images/16768_n.jpg",biography:"An accomplished Sales & Marketing professional with 12 years of cross-functional experience in well-known organisations such as CIPLA, LUPIN, GLENMARK, ASTRAZENECA across different segment of Sales & Marketing, International Business, Institutional Business, Product Management, Strategic Marketing of HIV, Oncology, Derma, Respiratory, Anti-Diabetic, Nutraceutical & Stomatological Product Portfolio and Generic as well as Chronic Critical Care Portfolio. A First Class MBA in International Business & Strategic Marketing, B.Pharm, D.Pharm, Google Certified Digital Marketing Professional. Qualified PhD Candidate in Operations and Management with special focus on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning adoption, analysis and use in Healthcare, Hospital & Pharma Domain. Seasoned with diverse therapy area of Pharmaceutical Sales & Marketing ranging from generating revenue through generating prescriptions, launching new products, and making them big brands with continuous strategy execution at the Physician and Patients level. Moved from Sales to Marketing and Business Development for 3.5 years in South East Asian Market operating from Manila, Philippines. Came back to India and handled and developed Brands such as Gluconorm, Lupisulin, Supracal, Absolut Woman, Hemozink, Fabiflu (For COVID 19), and many more. In my previous assignment I used to develop and execute strategies on Sales & Marketing, Commercialization & Business Development for Institution and Corporate Hospital Business portfolio of Oncology Therapy Area for AstraZeneca Pharma India Ltd. Being a Research Scholar and Student of ‘Operations Research & Management: Artificial Intelligence’ I published several pioneer research papers and book chapters on the same in Internationally reputed journals and Books indexed in Scopus, Springer and Ei Compendex, Google Scholar etc. Currently, I am launching PGDM Pharmaceutical Management Program in IIHMR Bangalore and spearheading the course curriculum and structure of the same. I am interested in Collaboration for Healthcare Innovation, Pharma AI Innovation, Future trend in Marketing and Management with incubation on Healthcare, Healthcare IT startups, AI-ML Modelling and Healthcare Algorithm based training module development. I am also an affiliated member of the Institute of Management Consultant of India, looking forward to Healthcare, Healthcare IT and Innovation, Pharma and Hospital Management Consulting works.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Lovely Professional University",country:{name:"India"}}},{id:"310576",title:"Prof.",name:"Erick Giovani",middleName:null,surname:"Sperandio Nascimento",slug:"erick-giovani-sperandio-nascimento",fullName:"Erick Giovani Sperandio Nascimento",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://intech-files.s3.amazonaws.com/0033Y00002pDKxDQAW/ProfilePicture%202022-06-20%2019%3A57%3A24.788",biography:"Prof. Erick Sperandio is the Lead Researcher and professor of Artificial Intelligence (AI) at SENAI CIMATEC, Bahia, Brazil, also working with Computational Modeling (CM) and HPC. He holds a PhD in Environmental Engineering in the area of Atmospheric Computational Modeling, a Master in Informatics in the field of Computational Intelligence and Graduated in Computer Science from UFES. He currently coordinates, leads and participates in R&D projects in the areas of AI, computational modeling and supercomputing applied to different areas such as Oil and Gas, Health, Advanced Manufacturing, Renewable Energies and Atmospheric Sciences, advising undergraduate, master's and doctoral students. He is the Lead Researcher at SENAI CIMATEC's Reference Center on Artificial Intelligence. In addition, he is a Certified Instructor and University Ambassador of the NVIDIA Deep Learning Institute (DLI) in the areas of Deep Learning, Computer Vision, Natural Language Processing and Recommender Systems, and Principal Investigator of the NVIDIA/CIMATEC AI Joint Lab, the first in Latin America within the NVIDIA AI Technology Center (NVAITC) worldwide program. He also works as a researcher at the Supercomputing Center for Industrial Innovation (CS2i) and at the SENAI Institute of Innovation for Automation (ISI Automação), both from SENAI CIMATEC. He is a member and vice-coordinator of the Basic Board of Scientific-Technological Advice and Evaluation, in the area of Innovation, of the Foundation for Research Support of the State of Bahia (FAPESB). He serves as Technology Transfer Coordinator and one of the Principal Investigators at the National Applied Research Center in Artificial Intelligence (CPA-IA) of SENAI CIMATEC, focusing on Industry, being one of the six CPA-IA in Brazil approved by MCTI / FAPESP / CGI.br. He also participates as one of the representatives of Brazil in the BRICS Innovation Collaboration Working Group on HPC, ICT and AI. He is the coordinator of the Work Group of the Axis 5 - Workforce and Training - of the Brazilian Strategy for Artificial Intelligence (EBIA), and member of the MCTI/EMBRAPII AI Innovation Network Training Committee. He is the coordinator, by SENAI CIMATEC, of the Artificial Intelligence Reference Network of the State of Bahia (REDE BAH.IA). He leads the working group of experts representing Brazil in the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI), on the theme \"AI and the Pandemic Response\".",institutionString:"Manufacturing and Technology Integrated Campus – SENAI CIMATEC",institution:null},{id:"1063",title:"Prof.",name:"Constantin",middleName:null,surname:"Volosencu",slug:"constantin-volosencu",fullName:"Constantin Volosencu",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/1063/images/system/1063.png",biography:"Prof. Dr. Constantin Voloşencu graduated as an engineer from\nPolitehnica University of Timișoara, Romania, where he also\nobtained a doctorate degree. He is currently a full professor in\nthe Department of Automation and Applied Informatics at the\nsame university. Dr. Voloşencu is the author of ten books, seven\nbook chapters, and more than 160 papers published in journals\nand conference proceedings. He has also edited twelve books and\nhas twenty-seven patents to his name. He is a manager of research grants, editor in\nchief and member of international journal editorial boards, a former plenary speaker, a member of scientific committees, and chair at international conferences. His\nresearch is in the fields of control systems, control of electric drives, fuzzy control\nsystems, neural network applications, fault detection and diagnosis, sensor network\napplications, monitoring of distributed parameter systems, and power ultrasound\napplications. He has developed automation equipment for machine tools, spooling\nmachines, high-power ultrasound processes, and more.",institutionString:"Polytechnic University of Timişoara",institution:{name:"Polytechnic University of Timişoara",country:{name:"Romania"}}},{id:"221364",title:"Dr.",name:"Eneko",middleName:null,surname:"Osaba",slug:"eneko-osaba",fullName:"Eneko Osaba",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/221364/images/system/221364.jpg",biography:"Dr. Eneko Osaba works at TECNALIA as a senior researcher. He obtained his Ph.D. in Artificial Intelligence in 2015. He has participated in more than twenty-five local and European research projects, and in the publication of more than 130 papers. He has performed several stays at universities in the United Kingdom, Italy, and Malta. Dr. Osaba has served as a program committee member in more than forty international conferences and participated in organizing activities in more than ten international conferences. He is a member of the editorial board of the International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, Data in Brief, and Journal of Advanced Transportation. He is also a guest editor for the Journal of Computational Science, Neurocomputing, Swarm, and Evolutionary Computation and IEEE ITS Magazine.",institutionString:"TECNALIA Research & Innovation",institution:{name:"Tecnalia",country:{name:"Spain"}}},{id:"275829",title:"Dr.",name:"Esther",middleName:null,surname:"Villar-Rodriguez",slug:"esther-villar-rodriguez",fullName:"Esther Villar-Rodriguez",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/275829/images/system/275829.jpg",biography:"Dr. Esther Villar obtained a Ph.D. in Information and Communication Technologies from the University of Alcalá, Spain, in 2015. She obtained a degree in Computer Science from the University of Deusto, Spain, in 2010, and an MSc in Computer Languages and Systems from the National University of Distance Education, Spain, in 2012. Her areas of interest and knowledge include natural language processing (NLP), detection of impersonation in social networks, semantic web, and machine learning. Dr. Esther Villar made several contributions at conferences and publishing in various journals in those fields. Currently, she is working within the OPTIMA (Optimization Modeling & Analytics) business of TECNALIA’s ICT Division as a data scientist in projects related to the prediction and optimization of management and industrial processes (resource planning, energy efficiency, etc).",institutionString:"TECNALIA Research & Innovation",institution:{name:"Tecnalia",country:{name:"Spain"}}},{id:"49813",title:"Dr.",name:"Javier",middleName:null,surname:"Del Ser",slug:"javier-del-ser",fullName:"Javier Del Ser",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/49813/images/system/49813.png",biography:"Prof. Dr. Javier Del Ser received his first PhD in Telecommunication Engineering (Cum Laude) from the University of Navarra, Spain, in 2006, and a second PhD in Computational Intelligence (Summa Cum Laude) from the University of Alcala, Spain, in 2013. He is currently a principal researcher in data analytics and optimisation at TECNALIA (Spain), a visiting fellow at the Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM) and a part-time lecturer at the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). His research interests gravitate on the use of descriptive, prescriptive and predictive algorithms for data mining and optimization in a diverse range of application fields such as Energy, Transport, Telecommunications, Health and Industry, among others. In these fields he has published more than 240 articles, co-supervised 8 Ph.D. theses, edited 6 books, coauthored 7 patents and participated/led more than 40 research projects. He is a Senior Member of the IEEE, and a recipient of the Biscay Talent prize for his academic career.",institutionString:"Tecnalia Research & Innovation",institution:null},{id:"278948",title:"Dr.",name:"Carlos Pedro",middleName:null,surname:"Gonçalves",slug:"carlos-pedro-goncalves",fullName:"Carlos Pedro Gonçalves",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bRcmyQAC/Profile_Picture_1564224512145",biography:'Carlos Pedro Gonçalves (PhD) is an Associate Professor at Lusophone University of Humanities and Technologies and a researcher on Complexity Sciences, Quantum Technologies, Artificial Intelligence, Strategic Studies, Studies in Intelligence and Security, FinTech and Financial Risk Modeling. He is also a progammer with programming experience in:\n\nA) Quantum Computing using Qiskit Python module and IBM Quantum Experience Platform, with software developed on the simulation of Quantum Artificial Neural Networks and Quantum Cybersecurity;\n\nB) Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning programming in Python;\n\nC) Artificial Intelligence, Multiagent Systems Modeling and System Dynamics Modeling in Netlogo, with models developed in the areas of Chaos Theory, Econophysics, Artificial Intelligence, Classical and Quantum Complex Systems Science, with the Econophysics models having been cited worldwide and incorporated in PhD programs by different Universities.\n\nReceived an Arctic Code Vault Contributor status by GitHub, due to having developed open source software preserved in the \\"Arctic Code Vault\\" for future generations (https://archiveprogram.github.com/arctic-vault/), with the Strategy Analyzer A.I. module for decision making support (based on his PhD thesis, used in his Classes on Decision Making and in Strategic Intelligence Consulting Activities) and QNeural Python Quantum Neural Network simulator also preserved in the \\"Arctic Code Vault\\", for access to these software modules see: https://github.com/cpgoncalves. He is also a peer reviewer with outsanding review status from Elsevier journals, including Physica A, Neurocomputing and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence. Science CV available at: https://www.cienciavitae.pt//pt/8E1C-A8B3-78C5 and ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0298-3974',institutionString:"University of Lisbon",institution:{name:"Universidade Lusófona",country:{name:"Portugal"}}},{id:"241400",title:"Prof.",name:"Mohammed",middleName:null,surname:"Bsiss",slug:"mohammed-bsiss",fullName:"Mohammed Bsiss",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/241400/images/8062_n.jpg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:null},{id:"276128",title:"Dr.",name:"Hira",middleName:null,surname:"Fatima",slug:"hira-fatima",fullName:"Hira Fatima",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/276128/images/14420_n.jpg",biography:"Dr. Hira Fatima\nAssistant Professor\nDepartment of Mathematics\nInstitute of Applied Science\nMangalayatan University, Aligarh\nMobile: no : 8532041179\nhirafatima2014@gmal.com\n\nDr. Hira Fatima has received his Ph.D. degree in pure Mathematics from Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh India. Currently working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Mathematics, Institute of Applied Science, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh. She taught so many courses of Mathematics of UG and PG level. Her research Area of Expertise is Functional Analysis & Sequence Spaces. She has been working on Ideal Convergence of double sequence. She has published 17 research papers in National and International Journals including Cogent Mathematics, Filomat, Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems, Advances in Difference Equations, Journal of Mathematical Analysis, Journal of Mathematical & Computer Science etc. She has also reviewed few research papers for the and international journals. She is a member of Indian Mathematical Society.",institutionString:null,institution:null},{id:"414880",title:"Dr.",name:"Maryam",middleName:null,surname:"Vatankhah",slug:"maryam-vatankhah",fullName:"Maryam Vatankhah",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Borough of Manhattan Community College",country:{name:"United States of America"}}},{id:"414879",title:"Prof.",name:"Mohammad-Reza",middleName:null,surname:"Akbarzadeh-Totonchi",slug:"mohammad-reza-akbarzadeh-totonchi",fullName:"Mohammad-Reza Akbarzadeh-Totonchi",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Ferdowsi University of Mashhad",country:{name:"Iran"}}},{id:"414878",title:"Prof.",name:"Reza",middleName:null,surname:"Fazel-Rezai",slug:"reza-fazel-rezai",fullName:"Reza Fazel-Rezai",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"American Public University System",country:{name:"United States of America"}}},{id:"302698",title:"Dr.",name:"Yao",middleName:null,surname:"Shan",slug:"yao-shan",fullName:"Yao Shan",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Dalian University of Technology",country:{name:"China"}}},{id:"125911",title:"Prof.",name:"Jia-Ching",middleName:null,surname:"Wang",slug:"jia-ching-wang",fullName:"Jia-Ching Wang",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"National Central University",country:{name:"Taiwan"}}},{id:"357085",title:"Mr.",name:"P. Mohan",middleName:null,surname:"Anand",slug:"p.-mohan-anand",fullName:"P. Mohan Anand",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur",country:{name:"India"}}},{id:"356696",title:"Ph.D. Student",name:"P.V.",middleName:null,surname:"Sai Charan",slug:"p.v.-sai-charan",fullName:"P.V. Sai Charan",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur",country:{name:"India"}}},{id:"357086",title:"Prof.",name:"Sandeep K.",middleName:null,surname:"Shukla",slug:"sandeep-k.-shukla",fullName:"Sandeep K. Shukla",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur",country:{name:"India"}}},{id:"356823",title:"MSc.",name:"Seonghee",middleName:null,surname:"Min",slug:"seonghee-min",fullName:"Seonghee Min",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Daegu University",country:{name:"Korea, South"}}},{id:"353307",title:"Prof.",name:"Yoosoo",middleName:null,surname:"Oh",slug:"yoosoo-oh",fullName:"Yoosoo Oh",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:"Yoosoo Oh received his Bachelor's degree in the Department of Electronics and Engineering from Kyungpook National University in 2002. He obtained his Master’s degree in the Department of Information and Communications from Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) in 2003. In 2010, he received his Ph.D. degree in the School of Information and Mechatronics from GIST. In the meantime, he was an executed team leader at Culture Technology Institute, GIST, 2010-2012. In 2011, he worked at Lancaster University, the UK as a visiting scholar. In September 2012, he joined Daegu University, where he is currently an associate professor in the School of ICT Conver, Daegu University. Also, he served as the Board of Directors of KSIIS since 2019, and HCI Korea since 2016. From 2017~2019, he worked as a center director of the Mixed Reality Convergence Research Center at Daegu University. From 2015-2017, He worked as a director in the Enterprise Supporting Office of LINC Project Group, Daegu University. His research interests include Activity Fusion & Reasoning, Machine Learning, Context-aware Middleware, Human-Computer Interaction, etc.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology",country:{name:"Korea, South"}}},{id:"262719",title:"Dr.",name:"Esma",middleName:null,surname:"Ergüner Özkoç",slug:"esma-erguner-ozkoc",fullName:"Esma Ergüner Özkoç",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Başkent University",country:{name:"Turkey"}}},{id:"346530",title:"Dr.",name:"Ibrahim",middleName:null,surname:"Kaya",slug:"ibrahim-kaya",fullName:"Ibrahim Kaya",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Izmir Kâtip Çelebi University",country:{name:"Turkey"}}},{id:"419199",title:"Dr.",name:"Qun",middleName:null,surname:"Yang",slug:"qun-yang",fullName:"Qun Yang",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Auckland",country:{name:"New Zealand"}}}]}},subseries:{item:{id:"19",type:"subseries",title:"Animal Science",keywords:"Animal Science, Animal Biology, Wildlife Species, Domesticated Animals",scope:"The Animal Science topic welcomes research on captive and wildlife species, including domesticated animals. The research resented can consist of primary studies on various animal biology fields such as genetics, nutrition, behavior, welfare, and animal production, to name a few. Reviews on specialized areas of animal science are also welcome.",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/19.jpg",hasOnlineFirst:!0,hasPublishedBooks:!0,annualVolume:11415,editor:{id:"259298",title:"Dr.",name:"Edward",middleName:null,surname:"Narayan",slug:"edward-narayan",fullName:"Edward Narayan",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/259298/images/system/259298.jpeg",biography:"Dr. Edward Narayan graduated with Ph.D. degree in Biology from the University of the South Pacific and pioneered non-invasive reproductive and stress endocrinology tools for amphibians - the novel development and validation of non-invasive enzyme immunoassays for the evaluation of reproductive hormonal cycle and stress hormone responses to environmental stressors. \nDr. Narayan leads the Stress Lab (Comparative Physiology and Endocrinology) at the University of Queensland. A dynamic career research platform which is based on the thematic areas of comparative vertebrate physiology, stress endocrinology, reproductive endocrinology, animal health and welfare, and conservation biology. \nEdward has supervised 40 research students and published over 60 peer reviewed research.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Queensland",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Australia"}}},editorTwo:null,editorThree:null,series:{id:"13",title:"Veterinary Medicine and Science",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.73681",issn:"2632-0517"},editorialBoard:[{id:"258334",title:"Dr.",name:"Carlos Eduardo",middleName:null,surname:"Fonseca-Alves",slug:"carlos-eduardo-fonseca-alves",fullName:"Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/258334/images/system/258334.jpg",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Universidade Paulista",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Brazil"}}},{id:"191123",title:"Dr.",name:"Juan José",middleName:null,surname:"Valdez-Alarcón",slug:"juan-jose-valdez-alarcon",fullName:"Juan José Valdez-Alarcón",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bSBfcQAG/Profile_Picture_1631354558068",institutionString:"Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo",institution:{name:"Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Mexico"}}},{id:"161556",title:"Dr.",name:"Maria Dos Anjos",middleName:null,surname:"Pires",slug:"maria-dos-anjos-pires",fullName:"Maria Dos Anjos Pires",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bS8q2QAC/Profile_Picture_1633432838418",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Portugal"}}},{id:"209839",title:"Dr.",name:"Marina",middleName:null,surname:"Spinu",slug:"marina-spinu",fullName:"Marina Spinu",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bRLXpQAO/Profile_Picture_1630044895475",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Romania"}}},{id:"92185",title:"Dr.",name:"Sara",middleName:null,surname:"Savic",slug:"sara-savic",fullName:"Sara Savic",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/92185/images/system/92185.jfif",institutionString:'Scientific Veterinary Institute "Novi Sad"',institution:{name:'Scientific Veterinary Institute "Novi Sad"',institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Serbia"}}}]},onlineFirstChapters:{paginationCount:14,paginationItems:[{id:"82457",title:"Canine Hearing Management",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.105515",signatures:"Peter M. Skip Scheifele, Devan Marshall, Stephen Lee, Paul Reid, Thomas McCreery and David Byrne",slug:"canine-hearing-management",totalDownloads:6,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Recent Advances in Canine Medicine",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11580.jpg",subseries:{id:"19",title:"Animal Science"}}},{id:"82285",title:"Parvovirus Vectors: The Future of Gene Therapy",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.105085",signatures:"Megha Gupta",slug:"parvovirus-vectors-the-future-of-gene-therapy",totalDownloads:6,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Recent Advances in Canine Medicine",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11580.jpg",subseries:{id:"19",title:"Animal Science"}}},{id:"82170",title:"Equine Stress: Neuroendocrine Physiology and Pathophysiology",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.105045",signatures:"Milomir Kovac, Tatiana Vladimirovna Ippolitova, Sergey Pozyabin, Ruslan Aliev, Viktoria Lobanova, Nevena Drakul and Catrin S. Rutland",slug:"equine-stress-neuroendocrine-physiology-and-pathophysiology",totalDownloads:2,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Updates on Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10665.jpg",subseries:{id:"19",title:"Animal Science"}}},{id:"81793",title:"Canine parvovirus-2: An Emerging Threat to Young Pets",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.104846",signatures:"Mithilesh Singh, Rajendran Manikandan, Ujjwal Kumar De, Vishal Chander, Babul Rudra Paul, Saravanan Ramakrishnan and Darshini Maramreddy",slug:"canine-parvovirus-2-an-emerging-threat-to-young-pets",totalDownloads:19,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Recent Advances in Canine Medicine",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11580.jpg",subseries:{id:"19",title:"Animal Science"}}},{id:"81271",title:"The Diversity of Parvovirus Telomeres",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.102684",signatures:"Marianne Laugel, Emilie Lecomte, Eduard Ayuso, Oumeya Adjali, Mathieu Mével and Magalie Penaud-Budloo",slug:"the-diversity-of-parvovirus-telomeres",totalDownloads:38,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Recent Advances in Canine Medicine",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11580.jpg",subseries:{id:"19",title:"Animal Science"}}},{id:"79209",title:"Virtual Physiology: A Tool for the 21st Century",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.99671",signatures:"Carmen Nóbrega, Maria Aires Pereira, Catarina Coelho, Isabel Brás, Ana Cristina Mega, Carla Santos, Fernando Esteves, Rita Cruz, Ana I. Faustino-Rocha, Paula A. Oliveira, João Mesquita and Helena Vala",slug:"virtual-physiology-a-tool-for-the-21st-century",totalDownloads:153,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Updates on Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10665.jpg",subseries:{id:"19",title:"Animal Science"}}},{id:"78543",title:"Pulmonary Vein: Embryology, Anatomy, Function and Disease",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.100051",signatures:"Chan I-Ping and Hsueh Tung",slug:"pulmonary-vein-embryology-anatomy-function-and-disease",totalDownloads:184,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Updates on Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10665.jpg",subseries:{id:"19",title:"Animal Science"}}},{id:"78564",title:"Anatomy of the Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta): The Essentials for the Biomedical Researcher",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.99067",signatures:"Christophe Casteleyn and Jaco Bakker",slug:"anatomy-of-the-rhesus-monkey-macaca-mulatta-the-essentials-for-the-biomedical-researcher",totalDownloads:359,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Updates on Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10665.jpg",subseries:{id:"19",title:"Animal Science"}}},{id:"77999",title:"Bronchus-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (BALT) Histology and Its Role in Various Pathologies",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.99366",signatures:"Tuba Parlak Ak",slug:"bronchus-associated-lymphoid-tissue-balt-histology-and-its-role-in-various-pathologies",totalDownloads:212,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Updates on Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10665.jpg",subseries:{id:"19",title:"Animal Science"}}},{id:"78242",title:"Genomic Instability and Cyto-Genotoxic Damage in Animal Species",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.99685",signatures:"María Evarista Arellano-García, Olivia Torres-Bugarín, Maritza Roxana García-García, Daniel García-Flores, Yanis Toledano-Magaña, Cinthya Sofia Sanabria-Mora, Sandra Castro-Gamboa and Juan Carlos García-Ramos",slug:"genomic-instability-and-cyto-genotoxic-damage-in-animal-species",totalDownloads:150,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Updates on Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10665.jpg",subseries:{id:"19",title:"Animal Science"}}},{id:"78503",title:"Biomechanics of the Canine Elbow Joint",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.99569",signatures:"Thomas Rohwedder",slug:"biomechanics-of-the-canine-elbow-joint",totalDownloads:180,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Updates on Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10665.jpg",subseries:{id:"19",title:"Animal Science"}}},{id:"78018",title:"Application of Noble Metals in the Advances in Animal Disease Diagnostics",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.99162",signatures:"Gabriel Alexis S.P. Tubalinal, Leonard Paulo G. Lucero, Jim Andreus V. Mangahas, Marvin A. Villanueva and Claro N. Mingala",slug:"application-of-noble-metals-in-the-advances-in-animal-disease-diagnostics",totalDownloads:111,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Updates on Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10665.jpg",subseries:{id:"19",title:"Animal Science"}}},{id:"77455",title:"Marek’s Disease Is a Threat for Large Scale Poultry Production",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.98939",signatures:"Wojciech Kozdruń, Jowita Samanta Niczyporuk and Natalia Styś-Fijoł",slug:"marek-s-disease-is-a-threat-for-large-scale-poultry-production",totalDownloads:261,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Updates on Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10665.jpg",subseries:{id:"19",title:"Animal Science"}}},{id:"74655",title:"Taxon-Specific Pair Bonding in Gibbons (Hylobatidae)",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.95270",signatures:"Thomas Geissmann, Simone Rosenkranz-Weck, Judith J.G.M. Van Der Loo and Mathias Orgeldinger",slug:"taxon-specific-pair-bonding-in-gibbons-hylobatidae",totalDownloads:399,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Updates on Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10665.jpg",subseries:{id:"19",title:"Animal Science"}}}]},publishedBooks:{paginationCount:4,paginationItems:[{type:"book",id:"10664",title:"Animal Reproduction",subtitle:null,coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/10664.jpg",slug:"animal-reproduction",publishedDate:"May 25th 2022",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Yusuf Bozkurt and Mustafa Numan Bucak",hash:"2d66af42fb17d0a6556bb9ef28e273c7",volumeInSeries:11,fullTitle:"Animal Reproduction",editors:[{id:"90846",title:"Prof.",name:"Yusuf",middleName:null,surname:"Bozkurt",slug:"yusuf-bozkurt",fullName:"Yusuf Bozkurt",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/90846/images/system/90846.jpg",institutionString:"İskenderun Technical University",institution:{name:"İskenderun Technical University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Turkey"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null},{type:"book",id:"8545",title:"Animal Reproduction in Veterinary Medicine",subtitle:null,coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/8545.jpg",slug:"animal-reproduction-in-veterinary-medicine",publishedDate:"January 20th 2021",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Faruk Aral, Rita Payan-Carreira and Miguel Quaresma",hash:"13aaddf5fdbbc78387e77a7da2388bf6",volumeInSeries:6,fullTitle:"Animal Reproduction in Veterinary Medicine",editors:[{id:"25600",title:"Prof.",name:"Faruk",middleName:null,surname:"Aral",slug:"faruk-aral",fullName:"Faruk Aral",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/25600/images/system/25600.jpg",institutionString:"Independent Researcher",institution:{name:"Harran University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Turkey"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null},{type:"book",id:"8460",title:"Reproductive Biology and Technology in Animals",subtitle:null,coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/8460.jpg",slug:"reproductive-biology-and-technology-in-animals",publishedDate:"April 15th 2020",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Juan Carlos Gardón Poggi and Katy Satué Ambrojo",hash:"32ef5fe73998dd723d308225d756fa1e",volumeInSeries:4,fullTitle:"Reproductive Biology and Technology in Animals",editors:[{id:"251314",title:"Dr.",name:"Juan Carlos",middleName:null,surname:"Gardón",slug:"juan-carlos-gardon",fullName:"Juan Carlos Gardón",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/251314/images/system/251314.jpeg",institutionString:"Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Spain",institution:null}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null},{type:"book",id:"7233",title:"New Insights into Theriogenology",subtitle:null,coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/7233.jpg",slug:"new-insights-into-theriogenology",publishedDate:"December 5th 2018",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Rita Payan-Carreira",hash:"74f4147e3fb214dd050e5edd3aaf53bc",volumeInSeries:1,fullTitle:"New Insights into Theriogenology",editors:[{id:"38652",title:"Prof.",name:"Rita",middleName:null,surname:"Payan-Carreira",slug:"rita-payan-carreira",fullName:"Rita Payan-Carreira",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bRiFPQA0/Profile_Picture_1614601496313",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Évora",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Portugal"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null}]},testimonialsList:[{id:"8",text:"I work with IntechOpen for a number of reasons: their professionalism, their mission in support of Open Access publishing, and the quality of their peer-reviewed publications, but also because they believe in equality.",author:{id:"202192",name:"Catrin",surname:"Rutland",institutionString:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/202192/images/system/202192.png",slug:"catrin-rutland",institution:{id:"134",name:"University of Nottingham",country:{id:null,name:"United Kingdom"}}}},{id:"18",text:"It was great publishing with IntechOpen, the process was straightforward and I had support all along.",author:{id:"71579",name:"Berend",surname:"Olivier",institutionString:"Utrecht University",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/71579/images/system/71579.png",slug:"berend-olivier",institution:{id:"253",name:"Utrecht University",country:{id:null,name:"Netherlands"}}}},{id:"27",text:"The opportunity to work with a prestigious publisher allows for the possibility to collaborate with more research groups interested in animal nutrition, leading to the development of new feeding strategies and food valuation while being more sustainable with the environment, allowing more readers to learn about the subject.",author:{id:"175967",name:"Manuel",surname:"Gonzalez Ronquillo",institutionString:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/175967/images/system/175967.png",slug:"manuel-gonzalez-ronquillo",institution:{id:"6221",name:"Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México",country:{id:null,name:"Mexico"}}}}]},submityourwork:{pteSeriesList:[{id:"14",title:"Artificial Intelligence",numberOfPublishedBooks:9,numberOfPublishedChapters:90,numberOfOpenTopics:6,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2633-1403",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.79920",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"7",title:"Biomedical Engineering",numberOfPublishedBooks:12,numberOfPublishedChapters:104,numberOfOpenTopics:3,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2631-5343",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.71985",isOpenForSubmission:!0}],lsSeriesList:[{id:"11",title:"Biochemistry",numberOfPublishedBooks:32,numberOfPublishedChapters:319,numberOfOpenTopics:4,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2632-0983",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.72877",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"25",title:"Environmental Sciences",numberOfPublishedBooks:1,numberOfPublishedChapters:12,numberOfOpenTopics:4,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2754-6713",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.100362",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"10",title:"Physiology",numberOfPublishedBooks:11,numberOfPublishedChapters:141,numberOfOpenTopics:4,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2631-8261",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.72796",isOpenForSubmission:!0}],hsSeriesList:[{id:"3",title:"Dentistry",numberOfPublishedBooks:8,numberOfPublishedChapters:133,numberOfOpenTopics:2,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2631-6218",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.71199",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"6",title:"Infectious Diseases",numberOfPublishedBooks:13,numberOfPublishedChapters:113,numberOfOpenTopics:3,numberOfUpcomingTopics:1,issn:"2631-6188",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.71852",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"13",title:"Veterinary Medicine and Science",numberOfPublishedBooks:11,numberOfPublishedChapters:107,numberOfOpenTopics:3,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2632-0517",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.73681",isOpenForSubmission:!0}],sshSeriesList:[{id:"22",title:"Business, Management and Economics",numberOfPublishedBooks:1,numberOfPublishedChapters:19,numberOfOpenTopics:3,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2753-894X",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.100359",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"23",title:"Education and Human Development",numberOfPublishedBooks:0,numberOfPublishedChapters:5,numberOfOpenTopics:1,numberOfUpcomingTopics:1,issn:null,doi:"10.5772/intechopen.100360",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"24",title:"Sustainable Development",numberOfPublishedBooks:0,numberOfPublishedChapters:16,numberOfOpenTopics:5,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:null,doi:"10.5772/intechopen.100361",isOpenForSubmission:!0}],subseriesList:[{id:"4",title:"Fungal Infectious Diseases",scope:"Fungi are ubiquitous and there are almost no non-pathogenic fungi. Fungal infectious illness prevalence and prognosis are determined by the exposure between fungi and host, host immunological state, fungal virulence, and early and accurate diagnosis and treatment. \r\nPatients with both congenital and acquired immunodeficiency are more likely to be infected with opportunistic mycosis. Fungal infectious disease outbreaks are common during the post- disaster rebuilding era, which is characterised by high population density, migration, and poor health and medical conditions.\r\nSystemic or local fungal infection is mainly associated with the fungi directly inhaled or inoculated in the environment during the disaster. The most common fungal infection pathways are human to human (anthropophilic), animal to human (zoophilic), and environment to human (soilophile). Diseases are common as a result of widespread exposure to pathogenic fungus dispersed into the environment. \r\nFungi that are both common and emerging are intertwined. In Southeast Asia, for example, Talaromyces marneffei is an important pathogenic thermally dimorphic fungus that causes systemic mycosis. Widespread fungal infections with complicated and variable clinical manifestations, such as Candida auris infection resistant to several antifungal medicines, Covid-19 associated with Trichoderma, and terbinafine resistant dermatophytosis in India, are among the most serious disorders. \r\nInappropriate local or systemic use of glucocorticoids, as well as their immunosuppressive effects, may lead to changes in fungal infection spectrum and clinical characteristics. Hematogenous candidiasis is a worrisome issue that affects people all over the world, particularly ICU patients. CARD9 deficiency and fungal infection have been major issues in recent years. Invasive aspergillosis is associated with a significant death rate. Special attention should be given to endemic fungal infections, identification of important clinical fungal infections advanced in yeasts, filamentous fungal infections, skin mycobiome and fungal genomes, and immunity to fungal infections.\r\nIn addition, endemic fungal diseases or uncommon fungal infections caused by Mucor irregularis, dermatophytosis, Malassezia, cryptococcosis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidiosis, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, sporotrichosis, and other fungi, should be monitored. \r\nThis topic includes the research progress on the etiology and pathogenesis of fungal infections, new methods of isolation and identification, rapid detection, drug sensitivity testing, new antifungal drugs, schemes and case series reports. It will provide significant opportunities and support for scientists, clinical doctors, mycologists, antifungal drug researchers, public health practitioners, and epidemiologists from all over the world to share new research, ideas and solutions to promote the development and progress of medical mycology.",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/4.jpg",keywords:"Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Invasive Infections, Epidemiology, Cell Membrane, Fungal Virulence, Diagnosis, Treatment"},{id:"5",title:"Parasitic Infectious Diseases",scope:"Parasitic diseases have evolved alongside their human hosts. In many cases, these diseases have adapted so well that they have developed efficient resilience methods in the human host and can live in the host for years. Others, particularly some blood parasites, can cause very acute diseases and are responsible for millions of deaths yearly. Many parasitic diseases are classified as neglected tropical diseases because they have received minimal funding over recent years and, in many cases, are under-reported despite the critical role they play in morbidity and mortality among human and animal hosts. The current topic, Parasitic Infectious Diseases, in the Infectious Diseases Series aims to publish studies on the systematics, epidemiology, molecular biology, genomics, pathogenesis, genetics, and clinical significance of parasitic diseases from blood borne to intestinal parasites as well as zoonotic parasites. We hope to cover all aspects of parasitic diseases to provide current and relevant research data on these very important diseases. In the current atmosphere of the Coronavirus pandemic, communities around the world, particularly those in different underdeveloped areas, are faced with the growing challenges of the high burden of parasitic diseases. At the same time, they are faced with the Covid-19 pandemic leading to what some authors have called potential syndemics that might worsen the outcome of such infections. Therefore, it is important to conduct studies that examine parasitic infections in the context of the coronavirus pandemic for the benefit of all communities to help foster more informed decisions for the betterment of human and animal health.",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/5.jpg",keywords:"Blood Borne Parasites, Intestinal Parasites, Protozoa, Helminths, Arthropods, Water Born Parasites, Epidemiology, Molecular Biology, Systematics, Genomics, Proteomics, Ecology"},{id:"6",title:"Viral Infectious Diseases",scope:"The Viral Infectious Diseases Book Series aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent research trends and discoveries in various viral infectious diseases emerging around the globe. The emergence of any viral disease is hard to anticipate, which often contributes to death. A viral disease can be defined as an infectious disease that has recently appeared within a population or exists in nature with the rapid expansion of incident or geographic range. This series will focus on various crucial factors related to emerging viral infectious diseases, including epidemiology, pathogenesis, host immune response, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and clinical recommendations for managing viral infectious diseases, highlighting the recent issues with future directions for effective therapeutic strategies.",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/6.jpg",keywords:"Novel Viruses, Virus Transmission, Virus Evolution, Molecular Virology, Control and Prevention, Virus-host Interaction"}],annualVolumeBook:{},thematicCollection:[{type:"book",id:"11672",title:"Chemokines Updates",subtitle:null,isOpenForSubmission:!0,hash:"c00855833476a514d37abf7c846e16e9",slug:null,bookSignature:"Prof. Murat Şentürk",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11672.jpg",editedByType:null,submissionDeadline:"May 6th 2022",editors:[{id:"14794",title:"Prof.",name:"Murat",middleName:null,surname:"Şentürk",slug:"murat-senturk",fullName:"Murat Şentürk",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/14794/images/system/14794.jpeg",biography:"Dr. Murat Şentürk obtained a baccalaureate degree in Chemistry in 2002, a master’s degree in Biochemistry in 2006, and a doctorate degree in Biochemistry in 2009 from Atatürk University, Turkey. Dr. Şentürk currently works as an professor of Biochemistry in the Department of Basic Pharmacy Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ağri Ibrahim Cecen University, Turkey. \nDr. Şentürk published over 120 scientific papers, reviews, and book chapters and presented several conferences to scientists. \nHis research interests span enzyme inhibitor or activator, protein expression, purification and characterization, drug design and synthesis, toxicology, and pharmacology. \nHis research work has focused on neurodegenerative diseases and cancer treatment. Dr. Şentürk serves as the editorial board member of several international journals.",institutionString:"Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University",position:null,outsideEditionCount:0,totalCites:0,totalAuthoredChapters:"2",totalChapterViews:"0",totalEditedBooks:"1",institution:{name:"Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Turkey"}}}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null}],selectedSeries:null,selectedSubseries:null},seriesLanding:{item:{id:"11",title:"Biochemistry",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.72877",issn:"2632-0983",scope:"Biochemistry, the study of chemical transformations occurring within living organisms, impacts all areas of life sciences, from molecular crystallography and genetics to ecology, medicine, and population biology. Biochemistry examines macromolecules - proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids – and their building blocks, structures, functions, and interactions. Much of biochemistry is devoted to enzymes, proteins that catalyze chemical reactions, enzyme structures, mechanisms of action and their roles within cells. Biochemistry also studies small signaling molecules, coenzymes, inhibitors, vitamins, and hormones, which play roles in life processes. Biochemical experimentation, besides coopting classical chemistry methods, e.g., chromatography, adopted new techniques, e.g., X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, NMR, radioisotopes, and developed sophisticated microbial genetic tools, e.g., auxotroph mutants and their revertants, fermentation, etc. More recently, biochemistry embraced the ‘big data’ omics systems. Initial biochemical studies have been exclusively analytic: dissecting, purifying, and examining individual components of a biological system; in the apt words of Efraim Racker (1913 –1991), “Don’t waste clean thinking on dirty enzymes.” Today, however, biochemistry is becoming more agglomerative and comprehensive, setting out to integrate and describe entirely particular biological systems. The ‘big data’ metabolomics can define the complement of small molecules, e.g., in a soil or biofilm sample; proteomics can distinguish all the comprising proteins, e.g., serum; metagenomics can identify all the genes in a complex environment, e.g., the bovine rumen. This Biochemistry Series will address the current research on biomolecules and the emerging trends with great promise.",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series/covers/11.jpg",latestPublicationDate:"July 5th, 2022",hasOnlineFirst:!0,numberOfOpenTopics:4,numberOfPublishedChapters:320,numberOfPublishedBooks:32,editor:{id:"31610",title:"Dr.",name:"Miroslav",middleName:null,surname:"Blumenberg",fullName:"Miroslav Blumenberg",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/31610/images/system/31610.jpg",biography:"Miroslav Blumenberg, Ph.D., was born in Subotica and received his BSc in Belgrade, Yugoslavia. He completed his Ph.D. at MIT in Organic Chemistry; he followed up his Ph.D. with two postdoctoral study periods at Stanford University. Since 1983, he has been a faculty member of the RO Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU School of Medicine, where he is codirector of a training grant in cutaneous biology. Dr. Blumenberg’s research is focused on the epidermis, expression of keratin genes, transcription profiling, keratinocyte differentiation, inflammatory diseases and cancers, and most recently the effects of the microbiome on the skin. He has published more than 100 peer-reviewed research articles and graduated numerous Ph.D. and postdoctoral students.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"New York University Langone Medical Center",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"United States of America"}}},subseries:[{id:"14",title:"Cell and Molecular Biology",keywords:"Omics (Transcriptomics; Proteomics; Metabolomics), Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, Signal Transduction and Regulation, Cell Growth and Differentiation, Apoptosis, Necroptosis, Ferroptosis, Autophagy, Cell Cycle, Macromolecules and Complexes, Gene Expression",scope:"The Cell and Molecular Biology topic within the IntechOpen Biochemistry Series aims to rapidly publish contributions on all aspects of cell and molecular biology, including aspects related to biochemical and genetic research (not only in humans but all living beings). We encourage the submission of manuscripts that provide novel and mechanistic insights that report significant advances in the fields. Topics include, but are not limited to: Advanced techniques of cellular and molecular biology (Molecular methodologies, imaging techniques, and bioinformatics); Biological activities at the molecular level; Biological processes of cell functions, cell division, senescence, maintenance, and cell death; Biomolecules interactions; Cancer; Cell biology; Chemical biology; Computational biology; Cytochemistry; Developmental biology; Disease mechanisms and therapeutics; DNA, and RNA metabolism; Gene functions, genetics, and genomics; Genetics; Immunology; Medical microbiology; Molecular biology; Molecular genetics; Molecular processes of cell and organelle dynamics; Neuroscience; Protein biosynthesis, degradation, and functions; Regulation of molecular interactions in a cell; Signalling networks and system biology; Structural biology; Virology and microbiology.",annualVolume:11410,isOpenForSubmission:!0,coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/14.jpg",editor:{id:"165627",title:"Dr.",name:"Rosa María",middleName:null,surname:"Martínez-Espinosa",fullName:"Rosa María Martínez-Espinosa",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/165627/images/system/165627.jpeg",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Alicante",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Spain"}}},editorTwo:null,editorThree:null,editorialBoard:[{id:"79367",title:"Dr.",name:"Ana Isabel",middleName:null,surname:"Flores",fullName:"Ana Isabel Flores",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bRpIOQA0/Profile_Picture_1632418099564",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Hospital Universitario 12 De Octubre",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Spain"}}},{id:"328234",title:"Ph.D.",name:"Christian",middleName:null,surname:"Palavecino",fullName:"Christian Palavecino",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0033Y000030DhEhQAK/Profile_Picture_1628835318625",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Central University of Chile",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Chile"}}},{id:"186585",title:"Dr.",name:"Francisco Javier",middleName:null,surname:"Martin-Romero",fullName:"Francisco Javier Martin-Romero",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bSB3HQAW/Profile_Picture_1631258137641",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Extremadura",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Spain"}}}]},{id:"15",title:"Chemical Biology",keywords:"Phenolic Compounds, Essential Oils, Modification of Biomolecules, Glycobiology, Combinatorial Chemistry, Therapeutic peptides, Enzyme Inhibitors",scope:"Chemical biology spans the fields of chemistry and biology involving the application of biological and chemical molecules and techniques. In recent years, the application of chemistry to biological molecules has gained significant interest in medicinal and pharmacological studies. This topic will be devoted to understanding the interplay between biomolecules and chemical compounds, their structure and function, and their potential applications in related fields. Being a part of the biochemistry discipline, the ideas and concepts that have emerged from Chemical Biology have affected other related areas. This topic will closely deal with all emerging trends in this discipline.",annualVolume:11411,isOpenForSubmission:!0,coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/15.jpg",editor:{id:"441442",title:"Dr.",name:"Şükrü",middleName:null,surname:"Beydemir",fullName:"Şükrü Beydemir",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0033Y00003GsUoIQAV/Profile_Picture_1634557147521",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Anadolu University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Turkey"}}},editorTwo:{id:"13652",title:"Prof.",name:"Deniz",middleName:null,surname:"Ekinci",fullName:"Deniz Ekinci",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002aYLT1QAO/Profile_Picture_1634557223079",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Ondokuz Mayıs University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Turkey"}}},editorThree:null,editorialBoard:[{id:"219081",title:"Dr.",name:"Abdulsamed",middleName:null,surname:"Kükürt",fullName:"Abdulsamed Kükürt",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/219081/images/system/219081.png",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Kafkas University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Turkey"}}},{id:"241413",title:"Dr.",name:"Azhar",middleName:null,surname:"Rasul",fullName:"Azhar Rasul",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bRT1oQAG/Profile_Picture_1635251978933",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Government College University, Faisalabad",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Pakistan"}}},{id:"178316",title:"Ph.D.",name:"Sergey",middleName:null,surname:"Sedykh",fullName:"Sergey Sedykh",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/178316/images/system/178316.jfif",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Novosibirsk State University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Russia"}}}]},{id:"17",title:"Metabolism",keywords:"Biomolecules Metabolism, Energy Metabolism, Metabolic Pathways, Key Metabolic Enzymes, Metabolic Adaptation",scope:"Metabolism is frequently defined in biochemistry textbooks as the overall process that allows living systems to acquire and use the free energy they need for their vital functions or the chemical processes that occur within a living organism to maintain life. Behind these definitions are hidden all the aspects of normal and pathological functioning of all processes that the topic ‘Metabolism’ will cover within the Biochemistry Series. Thus all studies on metabolism will be considered for publication.",annualVolume:11413,isOpenForSubmission:!0,coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/17.jpg",editor:{id:"138626",title:"Dr.",name:"Yannis",middleName:null,surname:"Karamanos",fullName:"Yannis Karamanos",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002g6Jv2QAE/Profile_Picture_1629356660984",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Artois University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"France"}}},editorTwo:null,editorThree:null,editorialBoard:[{id:"243049",title:"Dr.",name:"Anca",middleName:null,surname:"Pantea Stoian",fullName:"Anca Pantea Stoian",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/243049/images/system/243049.jpg",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Romania"}}},{id:"203824",title:"Dr.",name:"Attilio",middleName:null,surname:"Rigotti",fullName:"Attilio Rigotti",profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Pontifical Catholic University of Chile",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Chile"}}},{id:"300470",title:"Dr.",name:"Yanfei (Jacob)",middleName:null,surname:"Qi",fullName:"Yanfei (Jacob) Qi",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/300470/images/system/300470.jpg",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Australia"}}}]},{id:"18",title:"Proteomics",keywords:"Mono- and Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis (1-and 2-DE), Liquid Chromatography (LC), Mass Spectrometry/Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS; MS/MS), Proteins",scope:"With the recognition that the human genome cannot provide answers to the etiology of a disorder, changes in the proteins expressed by a genome became a focus in research. Thus proteomics, an area of research that detects all protein forms expressed in an organism, including splice isoforms and post-translational modifications, is more suitable than genomics for a comprehensive understanding of the biochemical processes that govern life. The most common proteomics applications are currently in the clinical field for the identification, in a variety of biological matrices, of biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of disorders. From the comparison of proteomic profiles of control and disease or different physiological states, which may emerge, changes in protein expression can provide new insights into the roles played by some proteins in human pathologies. Understanding how proteins function and interact with each other is another goal of proteomics that makes this approach even more intriguing. Specialized technology and expertise are required to assess the proteome of any biological sample. Currently, proteomics relies mainly on mass spectrometry (MS) combined with electrophoretic (1 or 2-DE-MS) and/or chromatographic techniques (LC-MS/MS). MS is an excellent tool that has gained popularity in proteomics because of its ability to gather a complex body of information such as cataloging protein expression, identifying protein modification sites, and defining protein interactions. The Proteomics topic aims to attract contributions on all aspects of MS-based proteomics that, by pushing the boundaries of MS capabilities, may address biological problems that have not been resolved yet.",annualVolume:11414,isOpenForSubmission:!0,coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/18.jpg",editor:{id:"200689",title:"Prof.",name:"Paolo",middleName:null,surname:"Iadarola",fullName:"Paolo Iadarola",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bSCl8QAG/Profile_Picture_1623568118342",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Pavia",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Italy"}}},editorTwo:{id:"201414",title:"Dr.",name:"Simona",middleName:null,surname:"Viglio",fullName:"Simona Viglio",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bRKDHQA4/Profile_Picture_1630402531487",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Pavia",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Italy"}}},editorThree:null,editorialBoard:[{id:"72288",title:"Dr.",name:"Arli Aditya",middleName:null,surname:"Parikesit",fullName:"Arli Aditya Parikesit",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/72288/images/system/72288.jpg",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Indonesia"}}},{id:"40928",title:"Dr.",name:"Cesar",middleName:null,surname:"Lopez-Camarillo",fullName:"Cesar Lopez-Camarillo",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/40928/images/3884_n.png",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Mexico"}}},{id:"81926",title:"Dr.",name:"Shymaa",middleName:null,surname:"Enany",fullName:"Shymaa Enany",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/81926/images/system/81926.png",institutionString:"Suez Canal University",institution:{name:"Suez Canal University",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Egypt"}}}]}]}},libraryRecommendation:{success:null,errors:{},institutions:[]},route:{name:"chapter.detail",path:"/chapters/33388",hash:"",query:{},params:{id:"33388"},fullPath:"/chapters/33388",meta:{},from:{name:null,path:"/",hash:"",query:{},params:{},fullPath:"/",meta:{}}}},function(){var e;(e=document.currentScript||document.scripts[document.scripts.length-1]).parentNode.removeChild(e)}()