The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation process of retrofitting smart cities in Japan, identify issues at each stage, and apply a corporate R&D process model to evaluate and study smart city planning. Specifically, a literature review was conducted using Aizuwakamatsu City, Fukushima Prefecture, as the target model, and interviews were conducted and discussed. As a result, we found that there are four phases in the process, from planning to operation, and that there are valleys (problems to be solved) to overcome in each phase. It can be concluded that Aizu Wakamatsu City is currently in the process of crossing Darwin’s Sea in the monetization phase. The relationship between each stakeholder in the progress of DX in Aizuwakamatsu City was clarified.
Part of the book: Advances in Digital Transformation [Working title]