Chapters authored
Biomarkers in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Numerous published papers are investigating the utility of biomarkers in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) diagnosis, treatment, and outcome prediction. This chapter will summarize our current knowledge about biomarkers associated with alveolar epithelial cell damage and dysfunction (Krebs von den Lungen, surfactant proteins, the mucin MUC5B, CA 15-3, CA 125, CA 19-9, defensins, Clara cell protein (CC16), telomere shortening), biomarkers associated with fibrogenesis, fibroproliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling (MMPs and their inhibitors, osteopontin, periostin, insulin-like growth factors, fibulin-1, heat shock protein 47, lysyl oxidase-like 2, circulating fibroblasts, extracellular matrix neoepitopes) and biomarkers related to immune dysfunction and inflammation (C-C chemokine ligand-18, C-C chemokine 2, YKL-40, C-X-C motif chemokine 13, S100A4, S100A8/9, S100A12, autoantibodies to heat shock protein 72, toll-like receptor 3, soluble receptor for advanced glycosylated end products, endothelial damage (vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin 8, endothelin 1). The future directions in incorporating IPF biomarkers into clinical practice will be reviewed.
Part of the book: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Presepsin as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in Sepsis
Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening condition with organ failure, caused by an inadequate response of the host to the infection. It is a public health and economic problem worldwide. Early and accurate diagnosis of sepsis and timely inclusion of appropriate therapy are important for the outcome of the treatment of patients with sepsis. Sepsis biomarkers may provide information to achieve an early diagnosis, and predict prognosis and therapeutic response. Today, the literature lists more than 250 different biomarkers related to sepsis. However, stronger clinical evidence of clinical usefulness has emerged only for a few biomarkers from many published studies and meta-analyses. Among them, presepsin (sCD14-ST) appears to be one of the most promising biomarkers of sepsis in daily clinical practice. This chapter highlights the utility of presepsin as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of sepsis both in adult and pediatric patients.
Part of the book: Heat Illness and Critical Care [Working title]