Energy management comprises of the planning, operation and control of both energy production and its demand. The wind energy availability is site-specific, time-dependent and nondispatchable. As the use of electricity is growing and conventional sources are depleting, the major renewable sources, like wind and photovoltaic (PV), have increased their share in the generation mix. The best possible resource utilization, having a track of load and renewable resource forecast, assures significant reduction of the net cost of the operation. Modular hybrid energy systems with some storage as back up near load center change the scenario of unidirectional power flow to bidirectional with the distributed generation. The performance of such systems can be enhanced by the accomplishment of advanced control schemes in a centralized system controller or distributed control. In grid-connected mode, these can support the grid to tackle power quality issues, which optimize the use of the renewable resource. The chapter aims to bring recent trends with changing requirements due to distributed generation (DG), summarizing the research works done in the last 10 years with some vision of future trends.
Part of the book: Wind Solar Hybrid Renewable Energy System
A Quasi Oppositional Gray Wolf Optimization (QOGWO) algorithm has been used in this work to decipher the economic load dispatch of hydrothermal system. Dynamic economic load dispatch problem involves scheduling of committed generators to meet the load demand with minimum fuel cost and several constraints which are dynamic in nature. It is basically short-term hydrothermal scheduling (STHS) problems through cascaded reservoirs. Instead of pseudo-random numbers quasi-opposite numbers are used to initialize population in the proposed QOGWO method so that the convergence rate of GWO increases. The viability of the projected approach is verified in three standard multi-chain cascaded hydrothermal systems with four interconnected hydro systems. The load and number of thermal units differ from one system to another. Water transportation delay between interconnected reservoirs, Valve Point Loading (VPL) have been considered in different combination in three cases. The technique put forth with established superior to many recent findings for the STHS problems with increased complexities.
Part of the book: Swarm Intelligence