Chapters authored
Chemical Detection of Short-Lived Species Induced in Aqueous Media by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma
Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasmas are widely used in biomedical research and clinical applications. Such plasmas generate a variety of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species upon interaction with ambient surroundings. These species further interact with a biological substrate and are responsible for the biomedical effects of plasma. Liquid water is an essential part of any biological systems. Some of the most reactive species induced by plasma in aqueous media are radicals and atoms. Hence, the presence of certain chemical components in a plasma ‘cocktail’ presents an important task for both understanding and further development of plasma systems with specific purposes. In this chapter, we discuss various methods of detection of the plasma-generated short-lived reactive species. We dissert various plasma-induced radicals and atoms (•OH, O2•−/•OOH, •NO, O), together with non-radical short-lived species (−OONO, O3, 1O2). Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is the most direct method of radical detection in water-based media. Special attention is paid to the limitations of the detection methods, with an emphasis on spin trapping used in EPR analysis.
Part of the book: Atmospheric Pressure Plasma
Modeling for a Better Understanding of Plasma-Based CO2 Conversion
This chapter discusses modeling efforts for plasma-based CO2 conversion, which are needed to obtain better insight in the underlying mechanisms, in order to improve this application. We will discuss two types of (complementary) modeling efforts that are most relevant, that is, (i) modeling of the detailed plasma chemistry by zero-dimensional (0D) chemical kinetic models and (ii) modeling of reactor design, by 2D or 3D fluid dynamics models. By showing some characteristic calculation results of both models, for CO2 splitting and in combination with a H-source, and for packed bed DBD and gliding arc plasma, we can illustrate the type of information they can provide.
Part of the book: Plasma Chemistry and Gas Conversion