In recent years, the reproduction of organisms through genetic engineering has been presented as an option for the repopulation of fish stocks of species that are at the limit or have passed their maximum sustainable exploitation. However, are the potential effects on genetic diversity known? The possible mutations? The risks to protected ecosystems? or Are there adequate policies and regulations for its management? This chapter aims to review the biological and population effects of the use of these organisms and the potential impacts they can cause to natural protected areas, as well as if there are adequate regulations or policies for their use. Finally, the authors give indicators for the sustainable integrated management of genetically modified organisms.
Part of the book: Animal Genetics