Worldwide, the concern on food safety, for example, on agriculture products, has become a topic with huge relevance. Nowadays, hyperspectral imaging systems for rapid detection of dangerous agents have emerged in response to these needs. In this research project, we proposed a new algorithm for Salmonella typhimurium detection on tomato surfaces in visible range (400–1000 nm). Gaussian model was used as a way to take out a model that could be calculated its definite integral; the final result of this algorithm is the area under curve (AUC), which gives a quantitative approach of spectral signatures. Three doses (5, 10, and 15 μL) and a control response (0 μL) were spread out on 20 tomatoes’ surface. Subsequently, it was observed that some decrease responses with higher dose; also, numerically this pattern was seen with the help of AUC value. As a last step, a single factor analysis of variance showed no significance due to doses. Despite this outcome, the algorithm provides to be a good methodology for pathogen detection.
Part of the book: Hyperspectral Imaging in Agriculture, Food and Environment
Hydroponic system requires periodic labor, a systematic approach, repetitive motion and a structured environment. Automation, robotics and IoT have allowed farmers to monitoring all the variables in plant, root zone and environment under hydroponics. This research introduces findings in design with real time operating systems based on microcontrollers; pH fuzzy logic control system for nutrient solution in embed and flow hydroponic culture; hydroponic system in combination with automated drip irrigation; expert system-based automation system; automated hydroponics nutrition plants systems; hydroponic management and monitoring system for an intelligent hydroponic system using internet of things and web technology; neural network-based fault detection in hydroponics; additional technologies implemented in hydroponic systems and robotics in hydroponic systems. The above advances will improve the efficiency of hydroponics to increase the quality and quantity of the produce and pose an opportunity for the growth of the hydroponics market in near future.
Part of the book: Urban Horticulture