Chapters authored
Substrate Effects of Noble Metal Nanostructures Prepared by Sputtering
Cathode sputtering is a well-established technique for preparation of metal nanostructures. However, the substrate properties are very important in this process. On glass substrates, there is a difficulty with poor adhesion of the metal layers, but thanks to this, metal nanostructures can be produced using solid state dewetting process. Thin metal films on polymer substrates are strongly influenced by the surface properties of the polymers, which originate in the method of their preparation. A recent focus is direct sputtering of metal nanoparticles (NPs) into liquid substrates and their characterizations and applications. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is one of the most commonly used liquid, which provides “stealth” character to nanostructures. Recent results in this area are reviewed in this chapter. PEGylated NPs could find application in drug delivery systems, therapy, imaging, biosensing, and tissue regeneration.
Part of the book: Noble and Precious Metals
Structure-Dependent Biological Response of Noble Metals: From Nanoparticles, Through Nanowires to Nanolayers
Noble metals in their diverse nanoforms bring revolution to many fields of science and technology, as they provide unique properties over their bulk counterparts. Thanks to these completely unprecedented properties, commercial sphere pressure is growing to use them in everyday life. Unfortunately, one of the issues that are subject to dramatic changes is the reactivity of these structures. This may have often fatal consequences to the living organisms. Due to the fact that the mechanism of action of metal nanostructures on living organisms is not yet fully elucidated even in the case of the most studied noble metals such as gold and silver, it is necessary to continue intensively in their research, characterization and categorization. The main prerequisite for the undistorted study of interactions of nanostructures with living organisms is the use of suitable methods of their preparation. Within this context, this chapter attempts to summarize current knowledge form the field of synthesis of metal nanoparticles, layers, wires, and other nanostructures, especially regarding novel techniques of their preparation and extend them by our own results in this area, in the context of their biological properties. More specifically, antibacterial efficacy and potential cytotoxicity of those structures are thoroughly addressed.
Part of the book: Noble and Precious Metals