Along with global climate change, extreme rainfall causes severe flash flood disasters, especially in mountainous areas. As about 67% of the terrestrial part of the whole country is mountain area with frequent heavy rainfall, China suffers from flash flood disasters throughout its history. As flash floods are distributed extensively and its influence sphere highly concentrated, it is unreasonable and uneconomical to prevent flash flood disasters mainly via engineering measures. Then, China starts exploring about flash flood early warning, which is optimal for developing country with dense populations, since the 1990s. Based on the literature research, a systematic framework for Chinese flash flood early warning research has been developed. In this frame, flash flood early warning is classified into long-term warning and real-time warning. This chapter presents the Chinese achievements in analysis methods for long-term warning, computational methods for real-time warning indicators, improving data sources used for real-time warnings and the information construction of real-time warning systems. In addition, the suggestions for future study are presented.
Part of the book: Engineering and Mathematical Topics in Rainfall
The emergency management system for sudden water pollution accidents of the main canal is the integrated application of the aforesaid three key technologies and is the key to verify the effect of practical application of these technologies. The emergency management system is formed by integrating basic information, measured data, and professional models through the communication mode of network transmission. The system can provide support for emergency response in case of emergency conditions including sudden water pollution accidents and technical support for security operations of the MRP.
Part of the book: Emergency Operation Technologies for Sudden Water Pollution Accidents in the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project