Released this past November, the list is based on data collected from the Web of Science and highlights some of the world’s most influential scientific minds by naming the researchers whose publications over the previous decade have included a high number of Highly Cited Papers placing them among the top 1% most-cited.
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We wish to congratulate all of the researchers named and especially our authors on this amazing accomplishment! We are happy and proud to share in their success!
IntechOpen is proud to announce that 191 of our authors have made the Clarivate™ Highly Cited Researchers List for 2020, ranking them among the top 1% most-cited.
\n\n
Throughout the years, the list has named a total of 261 IntechOpen authors as Highly Cited. Of those researchers, 69 have been featured on the list multiple times.
\n\n\n\n
Released this past November, the list is based on data collected from the Web of Science and highlights some of the world’s most influential scientific minds by naming the researchers whose publications over the previous decade have included a high number of Highly Cited Papers placing them among the top 1% most-cited.
\n\n
We wish to congratulate all of the researchers named and especially our authors on this amazing accomplishment! We are happy and proud to share in their success!
Note: Edited in March 2021
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Empathy is indispensable not only for forming good relationships but also for healing hurt persons. Especially now, empathy is the essence of care. This book contains chapters that cover transpersonal caring, learning to be empathic in social school, autism and psychopathy, emotional labor, and critical thinking in social work training from a variety of different perspectives.",isbn:"978-1-83880-665-1",printIsbn:"978-1-83880-664-4",pdfIsbn:"978-1-83880-730-6",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.76278",price:100,priceEur:109,priceUsd:129,slug:"empathy-study",numberOfPages:96,isOpenForSubmission:!1,isInWos:null,isInBkci:!1,hash:"e8318dbbb1e524384596da018870651f",bookSignature:"Makiko Kondo and Bala Nikku",publishedDate:"September 9th 2020",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/7507.jpg",numberOfDownloads:6870,numberOfWosCitations:0,numberOfCrossrefCitations:4,numberOfCrossrefCitationsByBook:0,numberOfDimensionsCitations:5,numberOfDimensionsCitationsByBook:0,hasAltmetrics:1,numberOfTotalCitations:9,isAvailableForWebshopOrdering:!0,dateEndFirstStepPublish:"March 29th 2018",dateEndSecondStepPublish:"July 2nd 2018",dateEndThirdStepPublish:"August 31st 2018",dateEndFourthStepPublish:"November 19th 2018",dateEndFifthStepPublish:"January 18th 2019",currentStepOfPublishingProcess:5,indexedIn:"1,2,3,4,5,6",editedByType:"Edited by",kuFlag:!1,featuredMarkup:null,editors:[{id:"188019",title:"Dr.",name:"Makiko",middleName:null,surname:"Kondo",slug:"makiko-kondo",fullName:"Makiko Kondo",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/188019/images/system/188019.jpeg",biography:"Dr. Makiko Kondo obtained Bachelor of Education and Registered Nurse degrees from Tokushima University in 1989, a Master of Science in Nursing from Chiba University in 2000, and a Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing from Osaka Prefecture University in 2007. 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He served as a teaching fellow of the Centre for Excellence in Learning and Teaching (CELT) and co-chair of the Human Rights Committee of the TRU faculty association. Dr. Nikku served in academia and grassroot social work practice in India, Nepal, Malaysia, and held adjunct positions in the United Kingdom and Thailand. He served as founding director of the Nepal School of Social Work (2005–2011). Dr. Nikku received his PhD from the Wageningen University in 2006 and was awarded with a COFUND Senior Research Fellowship at Durham University, UK, in 2015. He served on the executive boards of the International Association of Schools of Social Work (IASSW) and the Asian and Pacific Association of Social Work Education (APASWE). His research interests include green social work, wildfire disasters, pandemics, international social work, comparative social policy, and university community engagement. 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There is always, in the debates of social work professionals, the question of the search for an intervention project that gives a new meaning to the profession in order to respond, not only theoretically coherent but also efficiently, to the demands placed upon them. The purpose of this chapter is to highlight the importance of critical thinking in the training of social workers. 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Caring not only leads to the patient and their family’s healing but also to the nurse’s professional and personal growth since caring includes mutual approval and reciprocity. In the latter half of the chapter, we explain how to establish Dr. Jean Watson’s transpersonal caring using the following two events: ① case study: An expert nurse unintentionally says, “Your mother continues to be near and protect you,” to a crying daughter beside her mother’s deathbed; and ② our project: sanatorium’s nurses listen to Hansen’s disease survivors’ life review.",signatures:"Makiko Kondo, Sachie Okanishi, Etsuko Arai, Kumiko Morita, Maki Iwamoto and Masako Hosohara",downloadPdfUrl:"/chapter/pdf-download/72904",previewPdfUrl:"/chapter/pdf-preview/72904",authors:[null],corrections:null},{id:"64891",title:"Emotional Labor in the Airlines: Relation between Psychological Contract Violation, Job Satisfaction, and Empathy",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.82274",slug:"emotional-labor-in-the-airlines-relation-between-psychological-contract-violation-job-satisfaction-a",totalDownloads:1534,totalCrossrefCites:1,totalDimensionsCites:1,hasAltmetrics:0,abstract:"With the increasing domination of the service sector in the globalized world economy, this research examines the hypotheses that empathy as emotional labor practiced by human service employees moderate the decreasing propensity of job satisfaction. The background is the changed organizational climate, where the human service employees may perceive a psychological contract violation (PCV). The questionnaire surveys were administered to a total of 827 flight attendants working for two airlines, one is a European and another is an Asian airline. The result shows that, first, for both airlines, PCV perceived by the employees decrease job satisfaction. Second, empathy as emotional labor practiced by the employees moderates the decreasing propensity of job satisfaction. Third, the cross-cultural difference is observed how to moderate or repair the decreasing propensity of job satisfaction between European and Asian airline employees. 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The Social School was established as part of the “O Companheiro,” providing one possible alternative to the prison system. The Social School has two main aims: the prevention of deviant pathways and the rehabilitation of those who have entered into criminal activities, promoting their successful integration. Several programs were designed according to a life span perspective, which focuses on the personal development from conception to old age. A core assumption of this perspective is that maturity and development are not completed at any specific moment but result from an ongoing adaptative continuous lifelong process.",signatures:"José de Almeida Brites, Américo Baptista, Catarina Abrantes and Vanda Franco Simão",downloadPdfUrl:"/chapter/pdf-download/65323",previewPdfUrl:"/chapter/pdf-preview/65323",authors:[null],corrections:null},{id:"65730",title:"Empathy: Autism and Psychopathy",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.82886",slug:"empathy-autism-and-psychopathy",totalDownloads:2873,totalCrossrefCites:2,totalDimensionsCites:3,hasAltmetrics:1,abstract:"This chapter examines empathy from a number of angles, especially autism and psychopathy. It is an overarching phenomenon. It is a central factor in interpersonal psychiatry and psychology. The definition of empathy is extremely complex, and multifaceted. It is necessary to be aware of the massive variability and heterogeneity in considering empathy, autism and psychopathy. An example of this is the new concept of autism called criminal autistic psychopathy. To understand this is, to understand lethal dangerousness. This is described in two school shootings with many deaths; Columbine and Sandy Hook. Neurobiology plays a major role in understanding empathy, autism and psychopathy. 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This, together with a broad facial disc, gives owls all the right characteristics to make them attractive in our eyes. At the same time, some people fear their presence and even their calls, and there are more myths and beliefs about owls than there are about any other bird.Bats are often similarly feared as owls, partly because both of them inhabit the night; a place that is unknown and alien to us. Owls and bats symbolise all that is mysterious about the night and their complete mastery of the darkness only highlights our own deficiencies. In this book, we will get to know the relationships between bats and owls. This book describes the biological control of rats by owls in Malaysia, the prey-predator interactions in a tropical forest in Mexico, and provides an overview of the breeding biology of owls. 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1. Introduction
Among the cetacean, the dolphin is the common name of aquatic mammals. Over the last decades, aquatic mammal conservation is a global concern due to human anthropogenic activities and rapidly declining the biodiversity. Losses of aquatic mammals or biodiversity directly affect on ecosystem locally or internationally that concerned by the Convention of Biological Diversity (CBD) in 1992. Marine mammal conservation is continuing process which cannot ever be well-thought-out completely in south Asia. In the Bay of Bengal, Swatch of No-ground has been established as Marine Protected Area (MPA) for biological species. As a big delta basin Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna river systems are present along with the coastal regions in Bangladesh. IUCN Bangladesh [1] reported 10 cetacean species are present in the aquatic ecosystem of Bangladesh include the Ganges river dolphin. All marine dolphins are included in the Family Delphinidae. The very little study occurred on the dolphins in the maritime area of Bangladesh, except some reports of species events [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]. According to WCS [9] about 1738 km2 areas are considered as a marine protected area (MPA) for marine mammal species, and MPA is constructed at the Northwest and Southeast geographic area of Bangladesh that is recognized with the Indian Ocean in Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Map of dolphin occurrence in the maritime area, black color line box indicated site (WCS, 2015).
However, some author little studies completed on dolphins [7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12] but the status of dolphin investigation is not sufficient in the maritime area of Bangladesh due to lack of funds, strategic plan, and awareness. Although, False Killer whale, Bryde’s whale, and Sperm whales are found in the marine water but different types of dolphins are survived in maritime areas of Bangladesh.
2. Dolphins in the maritime area
The species conservation effort should be a concern with ecological, behavioral, population, and species diversity. Among the mammal Irrawaddy dolphin, Indo-Pacific Humpback dolphin, Bottlenose dolphin, Spotted dolphin, Spinner dolphin, and Rough-toothed dolphin are present in the maritime area of Bangladesh in Figure 2. Only Ganges river dolphins survive in the freshwater, coastal water, and the mouth of the Ganges at Sundarban area.
Figure 2.
Different types of dolphin occurred in the maritime area of Bangladesh. (1) Irrawaddy dolphin, (2) Indo-Pacific Humpback dolphin, (3) Indo-Pacific Bottlenose dolphin, (4) Spotted dolphin, (5) Spinner dolphin, and (6) Ganges river dolphin.
2.1 Irrawaddy dolphin
This dolphin name comes from the Irrawaddy River, Myanmar and endangered species among all cetacean species in the world. Its scientific name is Orcaella brevirostris and its local name is the Iraboti dolphin. This dolphin is considered Vulnerable globally and Near Threatened in Bangladesh due to anthropogenic activities. Irrawaddy dolphins are critically endangered. Species color is gray to dark slate blue, paler underneath, rounded, and small dorsal fin present; the flipper is rounded and wide. About 451 individual Irrawaddy dolphins were sighted near the coastal water of Sundarbans mangrove forest [12]. This dolphin is very similar to the finless porpoise and fishes, crustaceans, and invertebrates are main food [13]. In the coastal region, they are more limited although survive around South and Southeast Asia. According to Smith et al. [14] the 779.7 km of trackline and a 16,779 km2 study area were investigated, an abundance of Irrawaddy dolphin was assessed 5383 (CV = 39.5%) in the maritime water in Bangladesh including number (n) was 75, mean group size was 2.2, SD 1.8, dolphin range was 1–10. Also, large populations of Irrawaddy dolphins were recorded in the marine coastal water of Bangladesh. The reported number of Irrawaddy dolphins 114 from 2004 to 2014 [15] and UNDP Bangladesh [16] also stated a total number of 451, respectively in the Sundarban mangrove region of Bangladesh in Figure 3. Smith et al. [12] reported the encounter rate of dolphins as 0.19 in the Sundarban area, Bangladesh whereas a similar encounter of 0.16 showed at the Ayeyarwady River in Myanmar [17]. The Sundarbans and their adjacent areas are major and hotspot areas for the Irrawaddy Dolphin and half of the population are present in the maritime area of Bangladesh. Based on IUCN Red List in Bangladesh and India, this species is Vulnerable, but Critically Endangered species in Laos, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, and Philippines.
Figure 3.
Number of species sighted in the maritime water of Bangladesh.
2.2 Indo-Pacific Humpback dolphin
The Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin has been recorded in the marine water of Bangladesh and also sighted near the eastern India region [18]. This species scientific name is Sousa chinensis and its local name is Golapi dolphin. The highest size recorded 280 cm, healthy body, and extended beak. Color outline differs with age and area. Color show bluish gray to light cream or pink. This dolphin shape is very similar with the bottlenose dolphin. Color, dorsal fin, and head size separate them. Humpback dolphin usually swims in groups. They are survived in the tropics and subtropics area of coastal water and small fishes are major food. The marine water environment of Southeast Asia is a significant habitat for this dolphin but this species population, distribution, abundance, and feature of habitat very little study has been done to ensure survival species [19, 20, 21]. World Conservation Society [9] remarks the area about 327 km2 of importance habitat for humpback dolphins encompassing 73% of sightings in coastal waters near the mangrove forest. Also, at the 24.73°–24.33°N geographic site, this dolphin sighting per unit effort was 3.88 [22, 23]. WCS was assessed humpback dolphins survive in shallow water and coastal waters in the Bay of Bengal but most of the species occur in the northern Indian and eastern Pacific oceans. According to the IUCN Red List this species is Near Threatened but presently like remark as vulnerable. Most of the humpback dolphins swim in the marine protected area (MPA).
2.3 Indo-Pacific Bottlenose dolphin
This mammal scientific name is Tursiops aduncus and its local name is the Botolnak dolphin. The highest size recorded 250 cm; also have a snout, large flipper, dorsal fin, and flukes. The color outline is gray and marginally dark present. Although, about 402 Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins are sighted from 2004 to 2014 and also large population was recorded in the marine protected area in Figure 3. WCS [9] reported about 1700–2200 individual Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins that survived in the Bangladesh area. This species is also sighted in the face of the Swatch-of-No-Ground which is a highly biological habitat in the Bay of Bengal. Although, IUCN considers the species as data deficient (DD) but due to their distribution and population remark as vulnerable in the environment of the Bay of Bengal. Fisherman occasionally caught this dolphin by gillnets and seines net during fishing. WCS considers about 282 km2 as Marine Protected Area (MPA) for this dolphin whereas 90% of species are sighted.
2.4 Spotted dolphin
The spotted dolphin is the most dominant animal in the cetacean groups in tropical area. Generally, Pantropical spotted dolphins occurred in the marine protected areas of the Bay of Bengal. This dolphin’s scientific name is Stenella attenuate and its local name is Chitra dolphin. Its body structure is slender and looks like streamlined. The dorsal fin is narrow and pointed at the tip. The spot is present in adult dolphins. The abdomen color is a brighter gray. Maximum sizes of spotted dolphins found about 260 cm long. WCS reported 29 sightings of spotted dolphins and an average group size of 84 in the marine protected area (MPA) [9]. The spotted dolphin population is reducing due to unplanned fishing in the Bangladesh region. IUCN is considered as least concern and very little study occurred in Bangladesh on this dolphin. In the Swatch-of-No-Ground, about 86% of spotted dolphins occurred due to well biological habitat and 263 km2 areas considered as MPA for this species.
2.5 Spinner dolphin
The Spinner dolphin’s scientific name is Stenella longirostris and the local name is Ghurni dolphin. This dolphin’s body shape is slender with a particularly long beak. Adult spinner dolphin’s maximum size recorded is 240 cm. Generally male is larger than female. Triangular to curved shape present in the dorsal fin. Three types of color are present in Spinner dolphin. The dorsal cape is dark, body sides are light gray, and belly is white. This dolphin is show leaping and spinning activities. Usually, this dolphin survives in the tropical and subtropical waters at geographical areas 40°N and 40°S. Large group of populations are swim in the marine protected area. Some fisheries reported a yearly mortality rate of about 100–1000 dolphins in the marine water due to fishing interaction. Although, IUCN was considered as data deficient but WCS [9] reported 34 sightings and an average group size of 97 in the Swatch-of-No-Ground and 550 individuals was present. Sighting rate 91% in the marine protected area and 263 km2 areas consider for conservation.
2.6 Ganges river dolphin
This dolphin scientific name is Platanista gangetica gangetica (Roxburgh, 1801) and local people call “shusuk” as local name in Bangla. A total of 34 sightings of dolphin, mean density was 0.38 (SD ± 0.37) dolphins/km2 and best-high-low estimated of 10–12–8 in November 2012 in the Buriganga River area [7]. Also, 62 sightings of dolphins and best-high-low estimated of 9–11–7 in august, monitored by October with 8–10–7 individuals in the Turag River [8]. Another one reported encounter rate of Gangs dolphin was 0.47 in Sundarbans area in Table 1. Dolphin group size estimated by the Lincoln-Petersen model and Huggins conditional likelihood model which abundance showed 196 individuals (CV = 12.7%) and 225 individuals (CV = 12.6%), respectively in mangrove channels of the Sundarbans area [12]. It is a freshwater dolphin species scattered throughout the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna river systems along with the coast area of Bangladesh, Nepal, India, and conceivably Bhutan and 266 dolphins encountered in the entire Brahmaputra river system [11, 26, 27]. In the Indian subcontinent, Ganges dolphin is a special aquatic mammal in the riverine ecosystem. The survey was conducted for Ganges dolphins especially in Turag River and Buriganga River that is a part of the Ganga basin. Department of Environment, Government of Bangladesh Turag and Buriganga River area consider as “Ecologically Critical Area (ECA)” [28, 29]. This species is enlisted in the CITES and Bangladesh Wildlife (Conservation & Security) Act, 2012, and it is categorized as an endangered species due to the many anthropogenic activities and natural hazards included, such as, water pollution, traffic boat and ship, brickfield, industrial waste, water level reduce.
Mortality of dolphins in fishing nets and the highest level of water pollution through oil, plastic, and industrial waste are the extreme threats. Illegal fishing such as poisoning or electro fishing and large ship boat, vessel strikes, overfishing, sand and resources mining are also threat for dolphins. In Bangladeshi water, most of the dolphin species death occurs by fishing net specially gill net. Dolphin killing and hunting was extensive in several countries that also threat for the environment [2, 30, 31]. UNDP Bangladesh [16] reported that 130 dolphins were killed from 2007 to 2016 in the waters of Bangladesh which most of the species’ death by fishing nets and propellers of ships. GoB [32] also reported a total of 52 dolphins were lost by gillnets in the Sundarban area. Dolphin killing occurred due to collecting body parts has required in fisheries that are used as dolphin oil [33]. Although, several organizations are trying to conserve dolphins but it’s not enough, such as SharkLab, United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the Global Environment Facility (GEF), the Forest Department, IUCN Bangladesh, and World Conservation Society (WCS). Dolphin conservation is highly important for other aquatic species in the ecosystem as well as the better health regulator of water. Bangladesh Government has been attentive for the marine protected area (MPA) to conserve cetaceans whereas most of the dolphin sightings occurred in the water. We should concern about bycatch through fishing gear, awareness, and biological data monitoring to conserve dolphins as well as their habitat. Six sanctuaries have been recognized as conservation areas by the Government of Bangladesh for marine mammal and other species. The Swatch of no-Ground is also known as a special conservation area for biological resources.
4. Conclusions
The present condition does not well promise for the future plan of the dolphins. The different key programs should consider improving dolphin conservation. Such as taxonomy study through morphologically and genetically, impact and risk assessment, habitat management assessment, ocean traffic plan, population size and movement, ecology, water quality, environmental hazards and threat, etc. Also season wise fisheries interaction should high attention because dolphin mortality rate increases due to fishing and human anthropogenic activities. Monitoring programs of dolphins, their primary habitat, size, structure, and population can guide or lead delta plan, conservation plan, and climate movement.
Acknowledgments
We would like to express thank all members who contributed to the dolphin research. Also, thanks to Dr. Mohammad Saiful Islam, chairman, Department of Zoology, JnU for his special discussion on marine mammals. In specific, we would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to Rafi, Nur Alam, Kisor Kumar Sarkar, and Hasan Al Razi. Special thanks to Ifat Jahan for picture editing and collection. We also thank an unsigned assessor for useful notes on a former draft.
\n',keywords:"aquatic mammal, dolphin, habitat, conservation",chapterPDFUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/80211.pdf",chapterXML:"https://mts.intechopen.com/source/xml/80211.xml",downloadPdfUrl:"/chapter/pdf-download/80211",previewPdfUrl:"/chapter/pdf-preview/80211",totalDownloads:86,totalViews:0,totalCrossrefCites:0,dateSubmitted:"December 4th 2021",dateReviewed:"December 14th 2021",datePrePublished:"January 25th 2022",datePublished:null,dateFinished:"January 24th 2022",readingETA:"0",abstract:"The aquatic mammalian species is the best indicator for the health of water specially dolphins. Due to human anthropogenic activities, dolphin survival rate and movement are reduced. The dreadful conditions of coastal habitats can have major concerns for dolphin population and distribution. Some dolphins swim in a short distance and some swim in a long distance. Southeast Asia is a significant geographical region for dolphin conservation. Several dolphins are highly important for the maritime area of Bangladesh that were sighted in the coastal and marine water such as Irrawaddy dolphin, Indo-Pacific Humpback dolphin, Bottlenose dolphin, Spotted dolphin, Spinner dolphin, and Ganges dolphins. Marine protected area (MPA) is a valuable zone for dolphin conservation as well as biological species. This primary information of dolphins helps for further investigation in the Bangladeshi water. The research action plan must be considered with coastal habitat, marine protected area and fishing community to conserve dolphins. We should be concerned about dolphin conservation through local and international community to develop the environment and the blue economy. Local community directly involved in the maritime area due to livelihood opportunities.",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",bibtexUrl:"/chapter/bibtex/80211",risUrl:"/chapter/ris/80211",signatures:"Md. Muzammel Hossain",book:{id:"11335",type:"book",title:"Marine Mammals",subtitle:null,fullTitle:"Marine Mammals",slug:null,publishedDate:null,bookSignature:"Dr. Hussein Abdelhay Essayed Kaoud",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11335.jpg",licenceType:"CC BY 3.0",editedByType:null,isbn:"978-1-80355-490-7",printIsbn:"978-1-80355-489-1",pdfIsbn:"978-1-80355-491-4",isAvailableForWebshopOrdering:!0,editors:[{id:"265070",title:"Dr.",name:"Hussein Abdelhay",middleName:null,surname:"Essayed Kaoud",slug:"hussein-abdelhay-essayed-kaoud",fullName:"Hussein Abdelhay Essayed Kaoud"}],productType:{id:"1",title:"Edited Volume",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}},authors:null,sections:[{id:"sec_1",title:"1. Introduction",level:"1"},{id:"sec_2",title:"2. Dolphins in the maritime area",level:"1"},{id:"sec_2_2",title:"2.1 Irrawaddy dolphin",level:"2"},{id:"sec_3_2",title:"2.2 Indo-Pacific Humpback dolphin",level:"2"},{id:"sec_4_2",title:"2.3 Indo-Pacific Bottlenose dolphin",level:"2"},{id:"sec_5_2",title:"2.4 Spotted dolphin",level:"2"},{id:"sec_6_2",title:"2.5 Spinner dolphin",level:"2"},{id:"sec_7_2",title:"2.6 Ganges river dolphin",level:"2"},{id:"sec_9",title:"3. Threats and conservation",level:"1"},{id:"sec_10",title:"4. Conclusions",level:"1"},{id:"sec_11",title:"Acknowledgments",level:"1"}],chapterReferences:[{id:"B1",body:'IUCN Bangladesh. Red List of Bangladesh Volume 2: Mammals. Bangladesh Country Office, Bangladesh, Dhaka: International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN); 2015'},{id:"B2",body:'Anderson J. Anatomical and Zoological Researches: Comprising an Account of Zoological Results of the Two Expeditions to Western Yunnan in 1868 and 1875; and a Monograph of the Two Cetacean Genera, Platanista and Orcella [sic]. London: Bernard Quaritch; 1879'},{id:"B3",body:'Morzer Bruyns WFJ. Some notes on the Irrawaddy dolphin, Orcaella brevirostris (Owen, 1866). Mammalian Biology (formerly Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde). 1966;31:367-370'},{id:"B4",body:'Kasuya T, Haque AKMA. Some informations [sic] on the distribution and seasonal movement of the Ganges dolphin. Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute (Tokyo). 1972;24:109-115'},{id:"B5",body:'Khan MAR. Wildlife of Bangladesh: A Checklist. Dhaka, Bangladesh: City Press; 1982'},{id:"B6",body:'Sarkar SU, Sarkar NJ. Wildlife of Bangladesh: A Systematic List with Status, Distribution and Habitat. Dhaka, Bangladesh: The Rico Printers; 1988'},{id:"B7",body:'Hossain MM, Alam SMI, Baki MA, Bhouiyan NA. Ganges river dolphin. The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America. 2016;97(2):183-187'},{id:"B8",body:'Baki MA, Bhouiyan NA, Alam SMI, Islam MS, Hossain MM. Present status of Ganges River dolphins Platanista gangetica gangetica (Roxburgh, 1801) in the Turag River, Dhaka, Bangladesh. International Journal of Zoology. 2017;2017:1-7. DOI: 10.1155/2017/8964821'},{id:"B9",body:'World Conservation Society (WCS). Proposal to establish a marine protected area in the Swatch-of-No-Ground submarine canyon and surrounding coastal waters in the Bay of Bengal. 2015. pp. 1-13. Available from: https://www.cbd.int/doc/meetings/mar/ebsaws-2015-01/other/ebsaws-2015-01-gobi-submission6-en.pdf'},{id:"B10",body:'Alam SMI, Hossain MM, Baki MA, Bhouiyan NA. Status of Ganges dolphin, Platanista gangetica gangetica (Roxburgh, 1801) in the river Buriganga, Dhaka. Bangladesh Journal of Zoology. 2015;43(1):109-120. DOI: 10.3329/bjz.v43i1.26143'},{id:"B11",body:'Smith BD, Ahmed B, Ali ME, Braulik G. Status of the Ganges river dolphin or shushuk Platanista gangetica in Kaptai Lake and the southern rivers of Bangladesh. 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San Diego: Elsevier; 2017'},{id:"B16",body:'UNDP Bangladesh. Community people to become Sundarbans dolphin saviours. 6 January 2019. Available from: https://www.bd.undp.org/content/bangladesh/en/home/presscenter/articles/2019/01/04/Community_Sundarbans_dolphin_saviours.html'},{id:"B17",body:'Smith BD, Hobbs L. Status of Irrawaddy dolphins Orcaella brevirostris in the upper reaches of the Ayeyarwady River, Myanmar. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 2002;10(Suppl):67-74'},{id:"B18",body:'Jefferson TA, Smith BD. Re-assessment of the conservation status of the Indo-Pacific Humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) using the IUCN red list criteria. Advances in Marine Biology. 2016;73:1-26. DOI: 10.1016/bs.amb.2015.04.002'},{id:"B19",body:'Griffen BD, Drake JM. Effects of habitat quality and size on extinction in experimental populations. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2008;275:2251-2256'},{id:"B20",body:'Huang SL, Hao Y, Mei Z, Turvey ST, Wang D. Common pattern of population decline for freshwater cetacean species in deteriorating habitats. Freshwater Biology. 2012;57:1266-1276'},{id:"B21",body:'Huang SL, Chang WL, Karczmarski L. Population trend and vulnerability of humpback dolphins Sousa chinensis off the west coast of Taiwan. Endangered Species Research. 2014;26:147-159'},{id:"B22",body:'Chou LS. The Population Estimation and Habitats of Cetacean in Coastal Waters of Taiwan (I) (in Chinese). Taipei: Fishery Agency, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan; 2007. p. 63'},{id:"B23",body:'Chou LS, Lee JD. Habitat Hotspot of Humpback Dolphin, Sousa chinensis, and Master Planning for Conservation Management (in Chinese). Taipei: Forestry Bureau, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan; 2010. p. 65. Available from: http://conservation.forest.gov.tw/public/Attachment/08512385771.pdf'},{id:"B24",body:'Sharma RK, Mathur R, Sharma SS. Status and distribution of fauna in National Chambal Sanctuary, Madhya Pradesh. The Indian Forester. 1995;121:912-916'},{id:"B25",body:'Sinha RK. Status and conservation of Ganges River dolphin in Bhagirathi Hooghly River systems in India. International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences. 1997;23:343-355'},{id:"B26",body:'Mohan RSL, Dey SC, Bairagi SP, Roy S. On a survey of the Ganges River dolphin Platanista gangetica of Brahmaputra River, Assam. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 1997;94:483-495'},{id:"B27",body:'Sinha RK, Smith BD, Sharma G, Prasad K, Choudhury BC, Sapkota K, et al. Status and distribution of the Ganges susu (Platanista gangetica) in the Ganges river system of India and Nepal. In: Reeves RR, Smith BD, Kasuya T, editors. Biology and Conservation of Freshwater Cetaceans in Asia. Gland, Switzerland: Occasional Paper of the IUCN Species Survival Commission No. 23; 2000. pp. 42-48'},{id:"B28",body:'DoE (Department of Environment). The General Over View of Pollution Status of River of Bangladesh. Dhaka, Bangladesh: Department of Environment, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh; 2001'},{id:"B29",body:'Mobin MN, Islam MS, Mia MY, Bakali B. Analysis of physicochemical properties of the Turag River water, Tongi, Gazipur in Bangladesh. Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources. 2014;7(1):27-33'},{id:"B30",body:'McNair JFA. Oral Tradition from the Indus. Brighton: R. Gosden; 1908'},{id:"B31",body:'Pilleri G. Field observations carried out on the Indus dolphin Platanista indi in the winter of 1972. Investigations on Cetacea. 1972;4:23-29'},{id:"B32",body:'GoB. Community-Based Resources Management Plan (CBRMP) of the Wildlife Sanctuaries for Dolphins in Bangladesh Sundarbans. Dhaka: GoB; 2018'},{id:"B33",body:'Bairagi SP. Oil bait fishery of catfishes in Brahmaputra River affecting river dolphin populations in Assam, India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 1999;96:424-426'}],footnotes:[],contributors:[{corresp:"yes",contributorFullName:"Md. Muzammel Hossain",address:"muzammel3@gmail.com",affiliation:'
Department of Zoology, Jagannath University, Bangladesh
Biodiversity Conservation and Fisheries Research Center, Bangladesh
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IntechOpen’s Academic Editors and Authors have received funding for their work through many well-known funders, including: the European Commission, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Wellcome Trust, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), CGIAR Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers, National Institute of Health (NIH), National Science Foundation (NSF), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), German Research Foundation (DFG), Research Councils United Kingdom (RCUK), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Austrian Science Fund (FWF), Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), Australian Research Council (ARC).
Open Access publication costs can often be designated directly in the grants or in specific budgets allocated for that purpose. Many of the most important funding organisations encourage, and even request, that the projects they fund are made available at no cost to the wider public. IntechOpen strives to maintain excellent relationships with these funders and ensures compliance with mandates.
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In order to help Authors identify appropriate funding agencies and institutions, we have created a list, based on extensive research on various OA resources (including ROARMAP and SHERPA/JULIET) of organizations that have funds available. Before consulting our list we encourage you to petition your own institution or organization for Open Access funds or check the specifications of your grant with your funder to ascertain if publication costs are included. Where you are in receipt of a grant you should clarify:
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Does your institution already have a budget for covering Open Access publication costs?
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Does your grant list Open Access publication fees as legitimate direct/indirect costs?
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\\n\\n
Please note that this list is not a definitive one and is updated regularly. To suggest possible modifications or the inclusion of your institution/funder, please contact us at funders@intechopen.com
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Please be aware that you must be a member, or grantee, of the institutions/funders listed in order to apply for their Open Access publication funds.
Open Access publication costs can often be designated directly in the grants or in specific budgets allocated for that purpose. Many of the most important funding organisations encourage, and even request, that the projects they fund are made available at no cost to the wider public. IntechOpen strives to maintain excellent relationships with these funders and ensures compliance with mandates.
\n\n
In order to help Authors identify appropriate funding agencies and institutions, we have created a list, based on extensive research on various OA resources (including ROARMAP and SHERPA/JULIET) of organizations that have funds available. Before consulting our list we encourage you to petition your own institution or organization for Open Access funds or check the specifications of your grant with your funder to ascertain if publication costs are included. Where you are in receipt of a grant you should clarify:
\n\n
\n\t
Does your institution already have a budget for covering Open Access publication costs?
\n\t
Does your grant list Open Access publication fees as legitimate direct/indirect costs?
\n
\n\n
If you are associated with any of the institutions in our list below, you can apply to receive OA publication funds by following the instructions provided in the links. Please consult the Open Access policies or grant Terms and Conditions of any institution with which you are linked to explore ways to cover your publication costs (also accessible by clicking on the link in their title).
\n\n
Please note that this list is not a definitive one and is updated regularly. To suggest possible modifications or the inclusion of your institution/funder, please contact us at funders@intechopen.com
\n\n
Please be aware that you must be a member, or grantee, of the institutions/funders listed in order to apply for their Open Access publication funds.
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\r\n\tTransforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development endorsed by United Nations and 193 Member States, came into effect on Jan 1, 2016, to guide decision making and actions to the year 2030 and beyond. Central to this Agenda are 17 Goals, 169 associated targets and over 230 indicators that are reviewed annually. The vision envisaged in the implementation of the SDGs is centered on the five Ps: People, Planet, Prosperity, Peace and Partnership. This call for renewed focused efforts ensure we have a safe and healthy planet for current and future generations.
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\r\n\tThis Series focuses on covering research and applied research involving the five Ps through the following topics:
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\r\n\t1. Sustainable Economy and Fair Society that relates to SDG 1 on No Poverty, SDG 2 on Zero Hunger, SDG 8 on Decent Work and Economic Growth, SDG 10 on Reduced Inequalities, SDG 12 on Responsible Consumption and Production, and SDG 17 Partnership for the Goals
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\r\n\t2. Health and Wellbeing focusing on SDG 3 on Good Health and Wellbeing and SDG 6 on Clean Water and Sanitation
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\r\n\t3. Inclusivity and Social Equality involving SDG 4 on Quality Education, SDG 5 on Gender Equality, and SDG 16 on Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
\r\n
\r\n\t
\r\n
\r\n\t4. Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability comprising SDG 13 on Climate Action, SDG 14 on Life Below Water, and SDG 15 on Life on Land
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\r\n\t5. Urban Planning and Environmental Management embracing SDG 7 on Affordable Clean Energy, SDG 9 on Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, and SDG 11 on Sustainable Cities and Communities.
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\r\n\tThe series also seeks to support the use of cross cutting SDGs, as many of the goals listed above, targets and indicators are all interconnected to impact our lives and the decisions we make on a daily basis, making them impossible to tie to a single topic.
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