About the book
A quantum dot is a very small structure (2 to 10 nm), e.g. a semiconductor nanocrystal embedded in another semiconductor material, which can confine electrons or other carriers in all three dimensions and with their electronic characteristics depending on their size and shape. The particles differ in colour depending on the size of different nanocrystals. Quantum dots emit light when excited, smaller dots emit higher energy light. Manufacturers can accurately control the size of a quantum dot and as a result, they are able ‘tune’ the wavelength of the emitted light to a specific colour. Quantum dots find applications in several areas such as solar cells, transistors, LEDs, medical imaging, and quantum computing, thanks to their unique electronic properties. The properties of quantum dots have caused researchers and companies to consider using them in several fields like Optical Applications, Quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QD-LED) and ‘QD-White LED’, Quantum dot photodetectors (QDPs), Quantum dot solar cells (Photovoltaics), Biological Applications (to study intracellular processes, tumor targeting, in vivo observation of cell trafficking, diagnostics and cellular imaging at high resolutions), Quantum Computing (quantum bits or ‘qubits’), The Future of Quantum Dots (broad range of real-time applications), etc... The following survey of quantum dot applications introduces many of these uses. They have characteristically low energy consumption, small size, longer lifetime, and faster switching and because of that, they have a wide palette of applicability. Over the years semiconductor technology has advanced to bigger heights. The result is what we see around us in the form of smart gadgets. This book would form the basis for a better widespread understanding of the capabilities and limitations of each category of the quantum dots, and may also suggest better, cheaper, or alternative lithography technologies are considered for their applications.
The area of interest and scope of the project can be described with (but are not limited to) the following keywords: The Quantum dots can be lingering further into seven major categories:
(i) Quantum dots of very high-quality optical applications, Quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QD-LED) and ‘QD-White LED’, Quantum dot photodetectors (QDPs), Quantum dot solar cells (Photovoltaics).
(ii) Quantum Computing (quantum bits or ‘qubits’), (vii) The Future of Quantum Dots (broad range of real-time applications, magnetic quantum dots & graphene quantum dots), Superconducting Loop, Quantum Entanglement, Quantum Fingerprints.
(iii) Biomedical and Environmental Applications (to study intracellular processes, tumor targeting, in vivo observation of cell trafficking, diagnostics and cellular imaging at high resolutions), Bioconjugation, Cell Imaging, Photoelectrochemical Immunosensor, Membranes and Bacterial Cells, Resonance Energy-Transfer Processes, Evaluation of Drinking Water Quality, Water and Wastewater Treatment, Pollutant Control.
