Maxim Rykov

By Shvarova Anna Viktorovna, Rykov Maxim Yurjevich, Karseladze Appolon Irodionovich and Ivanova Nadezhda Mikhailovna

Part of the book: Soft Tissue Tumors

By Rykov Maxim and Buydenok Yury

Part of the book: Cancer Management

By Maxim Yu. Rykov

Pediatric oncology is a complex specialty, requiring the involvement of various specialists—pediatric oncologists, pathomorphologists, radiation diagnosticians, and surgeons. The patient’s life depends, first of all, on the timeliness of the diagnosis, since the earlier the specialized treatment is started, the higher the probability of achieving remission. Of particular relevance is the problem of early detection of malignant neoplasms. The complexity of solving this problem is related to the atypical nature of the oncological diseases and their rarity, which leads to the lack of “oncological alertness” of primary care physicians—district pediatricians. It is from pediatricians that timely diagnosis of malignant neoplasms depends. This lecture is devoted to the clinical manifestations and diagnosis of malignant neoplasms in children: hemoblastosis and solid tumors.

Part of the book: Contemporary Pediatric Hematology and Oncology

By Maxim Yu. Rykov and Elmira R. Sengapova

Osteosarcoma accounts for 3% of all malignant tumors, 35–50% of all malignant bone tumors in pediatric patients. The chapter contains statistical data describing the incidence of the child population of osteosarcomas, classification of osteosarcomas, staging principles, a description of the main localizations, as well as a detailed description of the existing treatment protocols for children with osteosarcomas, including personalized therapy. The literature data are described in detail—the results of treatment of children with osteosarcoma with various courses of chemotherapy, as well as new approaches in treatment, including personalized therapy. But the results of treatment of children with primary metastatic osteosarcoma, relapse, and refractory course of the disease remain unsatisfactory.

Part of the book: Osteosarcoma

By Natalia Subbotina, Igor Dolgopolov, Georgij Mentkevich and Maxim Rykov

The indications for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in pediatric leukemias continually change with the risk-stratification-based treatment improvement. Achieving the minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity before transplantation, using RSI when it’s appropriate, accurate management of post-transplant complications and GVHD are the factors of improving transplantation outcomes. Graft engineering methods are being worldwide investigated also to make HSCT more effective and less toxic, but still there is no gold standard of graft. Use of haploidentical grafts from relatives is a quick and cost-effective option of anti-leukemic efficacy achievement. Upon our experience in Russian Cancer Center, we believe that differentiated diagnosis-based approach to conditioning regimens in haplo-HSCT setting along with maintaining the manageable level of chronic GVHD could provide positive results in pediatric patients with prognostically the most unfavorable leukemias.

Part of the book: Leukemia