Chapters authored
Remote Sensing for Agricultural Applications
The application of remote sensing in quantifying the crop health status is trending. Sensors can serve as early warning systems for countering climatic or biological aberrations before having negative impacts on crop yield. Remote sensing applications have been playing a significant role in agriculture sector for evaluating plant health, yield and crop loss (%) estimation, irrigation management, identification of crop stress, weed and pest detection, weather forecasting, gathering crop phenological informations etc. Forecast of crop yields by using remote sensing inputs in conjunction with crop simulation models is getting popular day by day for its potential benefits. Remote sensing reduces the amount of field data collection and improves the precision of the estimates. Crop stress caused by biotic and abiotic factors can be monitored and quantified with remote sensing. Monitoring of vegetation cover for acreage estimation, mapping and monitoring drought condition and maintenance of vegetation health, assessment of crop condition under stress prone environment, checking of nutrient and moisture status of field, measurement of crop evapotranspiration, weed management through precision agriculture, gathering and transferring predictions of atmospheric dynamics through different observational satellites are the major agricultural applications of remote sensing technologies. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), vegetation condition index (VCI), leaf area index (LAI), and General Yield Unified Reference Index (GYURI) are some of the indices which have been used for mapping and monitoring drought and assessing vegetation health and productivity. Remote sensing with other advanced technologies like geographical information systems (GIS) are playing a massive role in assessment and management of several agricultural activities. State or district level information systems based on available remote sensing information are required to be utilized efficiently for improving the economy coming from agriculture.
Part of the book: Arid Environment
Enhanced Agricultural Productivity Using Hydroponics Technique: A Smart Farming System
Hydroponic farming is one potential solution to the lack of arable land diminishing the capacity of agriculture. The hydroponic method of crop production has proved successful for precision farming in growing both flowers and vegetables. It requires fewer energy requirements than traditional agriculture because it employs fertilizer solutions under heavily controlled environmental conditions in limited areas. Hydroponic systems can be used as a treatment method for partially treated wastewater or reclaimed water before its discharge into the environment since plants have the ability to absorb nutrients, toxic metals, and emerging contaminants. Farmers engaged in hydroponic farming benefit from a wide range of significant advantages by enhancing their income through introducing quality products for a sustainable community. The newly created technology also arrived at the perfect time because traditional farming practices do not work with diminishing water levels. Plants may now be grown in any greenhouse or nursery, regardless of the season, as long as the necessary infrastructure is in place.
Part of the book: Irrigation Systems and Applications