Chapters authored
Vitamin E and Derivatives in Skin Health Promotion
Vitamin E is fundamental for a proper function of human cells. Mostly obtained from vegetable oils, it has antioxidant and non-antioxidant actions. At times, its oral intake or skin application are employed. Oral intake is recommended in some cases. Differently, the topical application is a part of daily skin routine. Both in oral or in topical formulations, it is employed in its isoforms or derivatives. Tocopherols and tocotrienols are isoforms while derivatives are synthetic forms. In pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations, vitamin E and its derivatives are widely used due to its antioxidant and photoprotective properties. However, the clinical success treatment is often impaired by its low skin penetration, high lipophilicity, and chemical instability. A rational formulation design in the development of novel vitamin E dosage forms is required. In this chapter, the most successful and innovative approaches towards Vitamin E and its derivatives loaded in formulations for skin health promotion are reviewed. Conventional and nanoparticle-based formulations enable vitamin E chemical stabilization, and they are suitable vehicles for its release on the skin. Further, nano-sized carriers can increase vitamin E content in formulations as well as favor its skin penetration.
Part of the book: Vitamin E in Health and Disease
Skin Care Nanocosmetics
The improvement of stability, solubility, spreadability and skin penetration of cosmetics as well as the reduction of oxidation may be achieved by nanocarriers. In that regard, many cosmetic industries have launched nanocosmetics due to their performance improvement. Sunscreens, moisturizers and anti-aging products based on nanotechnology are available worldwide. In addition, vegetable extracts loaded into nanocarriers have also been employed as a strategy to increase their skin penetration. In this chapter, the main contributions of polymeric nanocarriers, lipid nanocarriers and vesicular nanocarriers to skin care cosmetics were approached.
Part of the book: Cosmetic Products and Industry