Chapters authored
Legume Breeding: From Conventional Method to Modern Technique
Legume species have various applications in organism’s nutrition, medical, and conversion industries because of their high oil, high protein, and high value materials. These crops can prevent soil erosion and increase soil nitrogen for further crop cultivation by bacteria symbiosis as well. Concerning the benefits of these crops, there is a need for more breeding attempts to gain genetic achievements. Accelerated higher genetic gains are required to meet the demand of ever-increasing global population. In recent years, speedy developments have been witnessed in legume genomics due to advancements in next-generation sequencing (NGS) and high-throughput genotyping technologies. A fundamental change in current conventional breeding programs, combined with modern techniques, is of great importance. Thus, a combination of modern and conventional breeding techniques may conduct our goals to reach great achievement on legume breeding regarding industrial and medical uses, human and livestock nutrition faster.
Part of the book: Legumes Research
Salinity Stress in Plants: Challenges in View of Physiological Aspects
Increasing the worldwide population, the food supply has become a global crisis due to the existence of various environmental stresses. Salinity after drought is one of the devastating environmental stresses that affects about 50% of the world’s agricultural lands. It is considered as one of the important abiotic stresses that cause plant growth restriction in different stages such as seed germination, photosynthesis, hormonal regulation, nutrient uptake, and seed quality and quantity. Under salinity conditions, plants undergo numerous changes as morphological (early flowering, prevention of lateral shoot development, and root adaptations), physiological (Na+/K+ discrimination, osmotic adjustment, ion homeostasis, and stomatal responses), and biochemical (accumulation of polyamines, antioxidant activity, proline, and change the hormone level). With the ever-increasing expansion of saline lands and highly costs spending for their rehabilitation, the preparation of high-yielding lines/genotypes tolerant to salinity will be of particular importance. Being aware of various pathways involved in plant resistance to salinity stress can be an effective tool to increase crop production and cultivated area in different parts of the world.
Part of the book: Abiotic Stress in Crop Plants