Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira

By Karolayne Silva Souza, Flávia Steffany Leite Miranda, Milena Roberta Freire da Silva, Caio Rodrigo Dias de Assis, Rafael Artur de Queiroz Cavalcanti de Sá, Marcilio de Oliveira Santos, Jordany Gomes da Silva, Kelma Sirleide de Souza, Bruno Oliveira de Veras and Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira

Brazil is one of the main exporters of agricultural products and is one of the largest consumers of pesticides in the world. Bahia stands out in irrigated agriculture, with growth at the national and international level exports. The aim of this study is to describe and analyze the spatial distribution, and the epidemiological profile of the population with confirmed cases of pesticides intoxication in the state of Bahia-Brazil, from 2007 to 2017. It is an ecological and retrospective study of a series, with secondary data collected at the Department of Informatics of the System Of Health (DATASUS), on notifications and confirmed cases of pesticide poisoning in the state in 2007 to 2017. In Bahia, about 1,632 notifications of exogenous pesticide poisoning in the investigated period, confirming about 1137 cases. The main age group affected by these intoxications were related to 20-39 years of age. The results of this study show the increase in the number of notified and confirmed cases in Bahia during years from 2007 to 2017, thus suggesting the carrying out of research on the subject in this and other Brazilian states, in order to monitor and evaluate the causes of these pesticide poisoning, and improve health promotion.

Part of the book: Emerging Contaminants

By Lívia Caroline Alexandre de Araújo, Sivoneide Maria da Silva, Rafael Artur de Queiroz Cavalcanti de Sá, Ana Vitoria Araujo Lima, Amanda Virginia Barbosa, Jaqueline dos Santos Silva, Kaleen Massari Leite, Wellenilton Jose do Nascimento Júnior, Vladimir da Mota Silveira-Filho, Carina Lucena Mendes-Marques, Francisco Henrique Da Silva and Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira

Due to their mass production and intense consumption in human medicine, veterinary, and aquaculture, antibiotics have been widely detected in different ecosystems, leading to a growing worldwide concern. These and their byproducts are being continuously discarded in natural ecosystems via excretion of human and animal urine and feces, also domestic and hospital effluents. Residues of these drugs can persist in natural environments through bioaccumulation due to their difficult biodegradation. Also, they have a gradual deposition in sediments, aquatic surfaces, and groundwater. Studies have shown the presence of these drugs in aquatic environments, which can trigger severe changes in the composition and structure of the bacterial community, such as the ability to develop and propagate genes resistant to these pollutants. In this context, this review aims to address the effects of the antibiotics on microorganisms present in impacted aquatic environments.

Part of the book: Emerging Contaminants