Chapters authored
Tubular Heat Exchanger Fouling in Phosphoric Acid Concentration Process
Fouling in phosphoric acid concentration is a persistent operational problem that compromises energy recovery in this process. Progress is hampered by the lack of quantitative knowledge of fouling dynamic effects on heat exchanger transfer. The object of this work is an experimental determination of the thermal fouling resistance in the tubular heat exchanger of phosphoric acid preheated installed in phosphoric acid concentration process. By measuring the inlet and outlet temperatures of phosphoric acid, steam temperature, suction and discharge pressure of the pump and acid density measurement, the overall heat transfer coefficient has been determined. The determination of the overall heat transfer coefficient with clean and fouled surfaces, allowed calculating the fouling resistance. The results from the heat exchanger studies showed that the fouling resistance increased with time and presented an asymptotic evolution in compliant with the proposed model by Kern and Seaton, with the existence of fluctuation. The poorly cleaned heat exchanger implied the absence of the induction period and caused, consequently, high values of the fouling resistance in a relatively short-time period.
Part of the book: Inverse Heat Conduction and Heat Exchangers
Fouling in Industrial Heat Exchangers: Formation, Detection and Mitigation
Heating or cooling of a fluid by another is made in a heat exchanger with heat dissipation from surfaces of the equipment. Over time, the abundant quantity of impurities promotes fouling in a heat exchanger. This equipment has extensive domestic and industrial applications. The concepts of design, operation, and maintenance of heat exchanger are available in the form of complete technical literature, but this literature is extensively distributed throughout the industrial bulletins, industrial design codes and standard, technical journals, etc. Thus, the aim of this book chapter is to reveal the concepts design, operation, cleaning, and maintenance of heat exchanger closely related to the industrial practices.
Part of the book: Heat Transfer