Chapters authored
Delineation of Salt Water and Fresh Water Interface between Kolleru Lake and Bay of Bengal Coast, Andhra Pradesh, India – Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
Kolleru Lake is the largest natural fresh water lake located between Godavari and Krishna deltas in Andhra Pradesh in India and is acting as a natural flood balancing reservoir. Dynamic land use changes from lake bed and agricultural land to aqua-culture and overexploitation of groundwater are becoming the major causes for salt-water intrusion. Changing of land use patterns is highly influencing on the quality of water. Paleo beach ridges are having potential aquifers around the Kolleru Lake. The main aim of this study is to identify seawater intrusion areas and reasons for intrusion. Integrated study of hydrogeology, hydrochemistry, remote sensing and geophysical investigations exposed the extent of salt-water intrusion up to the northern part of the lake, which is about 42 km away from the Bay of Bengal coast line. Top layer resistivity is more than 10 ohm-m in case of sand formations, 2–10 ohm-m in case of brackish water saturated formations and less than 1.0 ohm-m in case of saline water saturation aquifers, and clay-rich layers shows the resistivity in the range of 2 to 5 ohm-m. Remote sensing data and GIS (Geographical Information System) helped us to trace two major sea water intrusion patches from the coast to the lake.
Part of the book: Salt in the Earth