Mohammad Meshkini

By Mohammad Meshkini, Ali Meshkini and Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity especially in young ages, while over 30 years of neuroprotective agents use for TBI management provided neither any recommended agent for favorable outcome nor less adverse effects in TBI management yet. This review got selected keywords? search and ran in known international and local databases, with no limitation up to September 6, 2015. Related to the subject, clinical human studies have been selected for the review. Data from 32 studies were classified into 10 subgroups. About 18 studies with a population of 4637 participants were included in 6 topic reviews and meta-analyses. Oxygen use in acute management of TBI to reduce mortality rates could be recommended. Corticosteroid use in solo acute TBI management is prohibited due to increasing risk of mortalities. However, in dual-diagnosed patients (TBI and spinal cord injury (SCI) together), corticosteroid use should be obtained by a Bracken protocol. The use of citicoline in acute TBI is no more supported. The use of cyclosporine-A for ICP control depends on the resources and physician?s decision. Rivastigmine use for chronic neurocognitive conditions of TBI management had some beneficence in severely impaired participants. However, the use of other agents in TBI has no field of support yet.

Part of the book: Traumatic Brain Injury

By Mohammad Meshkini

Using ultrasound to empower the way of traumatic patient early and by-side management as its ability to discover what bare eyes and hands could not find out solely. The most known EFAST protocol for traumatic patients management may be extended more wisely by introducing the ultrasound probe(s) through a head-to-toe secondary survey and giving a better idea of what is going on with the patient before transferring him/her out of the emergency department and could save the time and the patient’s condition. This chapter would summarize what we know about ultrasound application on a traumatic patient by his/her side before sending him/her out for any further investigation, a new point of care for the standard of patient management by ultrasound.

Part of the book: Topics in Trauma Surgery