Chapters authored
Design and Growth of Metal Oxide Film as Liquefied Petroleum Gas Sensors
Nowadays innovations in synthesis methods for metal oxide-based nanomaterials such as nanostructured and both physical and chemical route techniques have been adopted by various researchers around the world. The investigation has been focusing on various deposition parameters for fabricating nanostructured metal oxide. Gas sensors that use metal oxide materials are broadly utilized in industry to monitor combustion processes. While they are economical to powerful in high temperature environments, many of these instruments are not selective towards the species of interest when placed in a stream composed of multiple gases. Research on nanostructured metal oxide materials has generated great interest in scientific community. Metal oxide is a chemically stable, harmless, biocompatible, inexpensive material with very high dielectric constant and interesting photocatalytic activities. It is a wide-gap semiconductor and depending on its chemical composition, it shows a large range of electrical conductivity. Synthesis strategies regarding nanocomposites of metal oxide with other inorganic and organic materials sensing activities has been reviewed. The measure response of metal oxide film-based sensor highat low concentration of LPG.
Part of the book: Gas Sensors
Recent Developments on the Properties of Chalcogenide Thin Films
Chalcogenide thin films have attracted a great deal of attention for decades because of their unique properties. The recent developments on thin film-based supercapacitor applications were reported. As a result of sustained efforts, the experimental findings revealed remarkable properties with enhanced fabrication methods. The properties of perovskite solar cells were discussed in terms of crystal structure and phase transition, electronic structure, optical properties, and electrical properties. Perovskite solar cell has gained attention due to its high absorption coefficient with a sharp absorption edge, high photoluminescence quantum yield, long charge carrier diffusion lengths, large mobility, high defect tolerance, and low surface recombination velocity. The thin film-based gas sensors are used for equally the identification and quantification of gases, and hence should be both selective and sensitive to a required target gas in a mixture of gases. Metal chalcogenide materials are considered excellent absorber materials in photovoltaic cell applications. These materials exhibited excellent absorption coefficient and suitable band gap value to absorb the maximum number of photons from sun radiation. The photovoltaic parameters were strongly dependent on various experimental conditions.
Part of the book: Chalcogenides