\\n\\n
More than half of the publishers listed alongside IntechOpen (18 out of 30) are Social Science and Humanities publishers. IntechOpen is an exception to this as a leader in not only Open Access content but Open Access content across all scientific disciplines, including Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology, Health Sciences, Life Science, and Social Sciences and Humanities.
\\n\\nOur breakdown of titles published demonstrates this with 47% PET, 31% HS, 18% LS, and 4% SSH books published.
\\n\\n“Even though ItechOpen has shown the potential of sci-tech books using an OA approach,” other publishers “have shown little interest in OA books.”
\\n\\nAdditionally, each book published by IntechOpen contains original content and research findings.
\\n\\nWe are honored to be among such prestigious publishers and we hope to continue to spearhead that growth in our quest to promote Open Access as a true pioneer in OA book publishing.
\\n\\n\\n\\n
\\n"}]',published:!0,mainMedia:{caption:"IntechOpen Maintains",originalUrl:"/media/original/113"}},components:[{type:"htmlEditorComponent",content:'
Simba Information has released its Open Access Book Publishing 2020 - 2024 report and has again identified IntechOpen as the world’s largest Open Access book publisher by title count.
\n\nSimba Information is a leading provider for market intelligence and forecasts in the media and publishing industry. The report, published every year, provides an overview and financial outlook for the global professional e-book publishing market.
\n\nIntechOpen, De Gruyter, and Frontiers are the largest OA book publishers by title count, with IntechOpen coming in at first place with 5,101 OA books published, a good 1,782 titles ahead of the nearest competitor.
\n\nSince the first Open Access Book Publishing report published in 2016, IntechOpen has held the top stop each year.
\n\n\n\nMore than half of the publishers listed alongside IntechOpen (18 out of 30) are Social Science and Humanities publishers. IntechOpen is an exception to this as a leader in not only Open Access content but Open Access content across all scientific disciplines, including Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology, Health Sciences, Life Science, and Social Sciences and Humanities.
\n\nOur breakdown of titles published demonstrates this with 47% PET, 31% HS, 18% LS, and 4% SSH books published.
\n\n“Even though ItechOpen has shown the potential of sci-tech books using an OA approach,” other publishers “have shown little interest in OA books.”
\n\nAdditionally, each book published by IntechOpen contains original content and research findings.
\n\nWe are honored to be among such prestigious publishers and we hope to continue to spearhead that growth in our quest to promote Open Access as a true pioneer in OA book publishing.
\n\n\n\n
\n'}],latestNews:[{slug:"webinar-introduction-to-open-science-wednesday-18-may-1-pm-cest-20220518",title:"Webinar: Introduction to Open Science | Wednesday 18 May, 1 PM CEST"},{slug:"step-in-the-right-direction-intechopen-launches-a-portfolio-of-open-science-journals-20220414",title:"Step in the Right Direction: IntechOpen Launches a Portfolio of Open Science Journals"},{slug:"let-s-meet-at-london-book-fair-5-7-april-2022-olympia-london-20220321",title:"Let’s meet at London Book Fair, 5-7 April 2022, Olympia London"},{slug:"50-books-published-as-part-of-intechopen-and-knowledge-unlatched-ku-collaboration-20220316",title:"50 Books published as part of IntechOpen and Knowledge Unlatched (KU) Collaboration"},{slug:"intechopen-joins-the-united-nations-sustainable-development-goals-publishers-compact-20221702",title:"IntechOpen joins the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals Publishers Compact"},{slug:"intechopen-signs-exclusive-representation-agreement-with-lsr-libros-servicios-y-representaciones-s-a-de-c-v-20211123",title:"IntechOpen Signs Exclusive Representation Agreement with LSR Libros Servicios y Representaciones S.A. de C.V"},{slug:"intechopen-expands-partnership-with-research4life-20211110",title:"IntechOpen Expands Partnership with Research4Life"},{slug:"introducing-intechopen-book-series-a-new-publishing-format-for-oa-books-20210915",title:"Introducing IntechOpen Book Series - A New Publishing Format for OA Books"}]},book:{item:{type:"book",id:"345",leadTitle:null,fullTitle:"Diabetes Insipidus",title:"Diabetes Insipidus",subtitle:null,reviewType:"peer-reviewed",abstract:"The first chapter of the book reports on the management of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH)-induced central diabetes insipidus and its associated endocrinological/neurological sequelae in the national survey. The next chapter addresses DI and head injuries. Next, the management of neuroendocrine instability during maintenance of potential organ donors is described. Organ transplants have gradually increased worldwide. To have maintenance of appropriate potential organs, AVP is needed. Furthermore, nephrogenic DI-the potential therapeutic drugs and analysis of membrane protein stability is the topic of the next two chapters, followed by new insights into the diagnosis and management of pregnancy-related DI. The seventh chapter reports on the problems with differential diagnosis in a case of central DI in a female patient with bipolar disorder. The lithium treatment usually resulted in nephrogenic DI. Finally, over the last years, the development of MRI imaging on the pituitary gland with the stalk and hypothalamus has advanced. The final chapter interprets imaging techniques in DI in detail.",isbn:null,printIsbn:"978-953-307-367-5",pdfIsbn:"978-953-51-6571-2",doi:"10.5772/860",price:119,priceEur:129,priceUsd:155,slug:"diabetes-insipidus",numberOfPages:150,isOpenForSubmission:!1,isInWos:1,isInBkci:!1,hash:"00c5b8482c0640f8c06640cdcbfce8e1",bookSignature:"Kyuzi Kamoi",publishedDate:"November 14th 2011",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/345.jpg",numberOfDownloads:33690,numberOfWosCitations:5,numberOfCrossrefCitations:5,numberOfCrossrefCitationsByBook:1,numberOfDimensionsCitations:9,numberOfDimensionsCitationsByBook:1,hasAltmetrics:0,numberOfTotalCitations:19,isAvailableForWebshopOrdering:!0,dateEndFirstStepPublish:"November 10th 2010",dateEndSecondStepPublish:"December 8th 2010",dateEndThirdStepPublish:"April 14th 2011",dateEndFourthStepPublish:"May 14th 2011",dateEndFifthStepPublish:"July 13th 2011",currentStepOfPublishingProcess:5,indexedIn:"1,2,3,4,5,6",editedByType:"Edited by",kuFlag:!1,featuredMarkup:null,editors:[{id:"42483",title:"Prof.",name:"Kyuzi",middleName:null,surname:"Kamoi",slug:"kyuzi-kamoi",fullName:"Kyuzi Kamoi",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/42483/images/3674_n.jpg",biography:"Prof. Kyuzi Kamoi was born August 28, 1943 in Tokyo, Japan. He received his MD in 1970 and his MSD in 1982, both from the Medical School of Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.\nHe has received the following certificates: Japan Medical Diplomat (1970), Japan Board of Diabetes Mellitus (1990), Japan Board of Endocrinology and Metabolism (1991), Certified Diabetes Mellitus Educator (1993), Certified Endocrine Educator (2004).\nFrom 1980 to 2010 he was Chief of Internal Medicine, and from 2002 until 2010 the Director of Center of Diabetes Mellitus and Endocrine Disease at Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, Japan. Since 2010 to the present he has been Professor of Niigata Prefecture University.\nHe is a member of The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine, The Japan Endocrine Society, The Japanese Society of Hypertension, The Japan Society of Hypertension, the Endocrine Society, The American Society of Hypertension, The American Diabetes Association, The International Diabetes Federation and the New York Academy of Science. 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S. Satheesh Kumar",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"83069",title:"Dr.",name:"Satheeshkumar",middleName:null,surname:"Poolakkad Sankaran",fullName:"Satheeshkumar Poolakkad Sankaran",slug:"satheeshkumar-poolakkad-sankaran"}]},{id:"26152",type:"chapter",title:"Non-Pharmacological Therapies in Pain Management",slug:"non-pharmacological-therapies-in-pain-management",totalDownloads:59054,totalCrossrefCites:7,signatures:"Yurdanur Demir",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"80570",title:"Dr.",name:"Yurdanur",middleName:null,surname:"Demir",fullName:"Yurdanur Demir",slug:"yurdanur-demir"}]},{id:"26153",type:"chapter",title:"Overview of Collateral Meridian Therapy in Pain Management: A Modified Formulated Chinese Acupuncture",slug:"overview-of-collateral-meridian-therapy-in-pain-management-a-modified-formulated-chinese-acupuncture",totalDownloads:6012,totalCrossrefCites:0,signatures:"Chih-Shung Wong, Chun-Chang Yeh and Shan-Chi Ko",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"79900",title:"Dr.",name:"Chih-Shung",middleName:null,surname:"Wong",fullName:"Chih-Shung Wong",slug:"chih-shung-wong"}]},{id:"26154",type:"chapter",title:"When Theoretical Knowledge Is Not Enough: Introduction of an Explanatory Model on Nurse’s Pain Management",slug:"when-theoretical-knowledge-is-not-enough-introduction-of-an-explanatory-model-on-nurse-s-pain-manage",totalDownloads:4524,totalCrossrefCites:0,signatures:"Katrin Blondal and Sigridur Halldorsdottir",reviewType:"peer-reviewed",authors:[{id:"80270",title:"MSc.",name:"Katrin",middleName:null,surname:"Blondal",fullName:"Katrin Blondal",slug:"katrin-blondal"},{id:"91765",title:"Prof.",name:"Sigridur",middleName:null,surname:"Halldorsdottir",fullName:"Sigridur Halldorsdottir",slug:"sigridur-halldorsdottir"}]},{id:"26155",type:"chapter",title:"Complex Regional Pain Syndrome",slug:"complex-regional-pain-syndrome",totalDownloads:3927,totalCrossrefCites:0,signatures:"Gabor B. 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Noe",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/761.jpg",editedByType:"Edited by",editors:[{id:"91492",title:"Dr.",name:"Gabor",surname:"Racz",slug:"gabor-racz",fullName:"Gabor Racz"}],equalEditorOne:null,equalEditorTwo:null,equalEditorThree:null,productType:{id:"1",chapterContentType:"chapter",authoredCaption:"Edited by"}}]},onlineFirst:{chapter:{type:"chapter",id:"60328",title:"Modification of Electrical Properties of Silver Nanoparticle",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.75682",slug:"modification-of-electrical-properties-of-silver-nanoparticle",body:'\nThe silver nanoparticle research continues to grow, drawing the attention of researchers. It is known that silver has very high electrical conductivity [1, 2]. Silver has been widely used as a conductor wire in circuits that require low dissipation, and high conductivity [3, 4]. Silver paste has also been widely used as a paste conductor [5, 6, 7]. The use of silver paste has been extensively utilized mainly in the bulk conductivity characterization of bulk semiconductor materials or four-point probe method films. In the field of superconductors, silver has a dominant role as a sheath [8, 9, 10, 11, 12]. Silver has also been used in various industries and health fields. Silver is known to have antibacterial properties [13, 14, 15, 16], as a catalyst [17, 18, 19, 20], and it shows stable to the environment [21] and has been utilized as a significant component of water treatment.
\nVarious methods of synthesis have been developed to produce silver in the order of nanometers. Synthesis of silver nanoparticle is commonly known to control the shape and size. Among these methods are ball milling method [22], precipitation [23], polyol method [24], and several other methods to produce silver nanoparticle [3, 25, 26, 27, 28].
\nNanostructure engineering has been performed to produce the expected properties. Nanofluid Ag-ZnO has been successfully synthesized to determine the behavior of thermal conductivity at various fractions [29]. Silver nanoparticles dotted on the external walls of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared by an aldehyde reduction process in supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) fluid. The friction reduced about 30% [30]. Modification of nanostructure Ag into nanowire also improves physical performance such as electrical conductivity and power transfer [31]. Further engineering in the form of silver nanocage has reported. The nanocages exhibited unique and attractive characteristics for metal catalytic systems, thus offering the scope for new development as heterogeneous catalysts [32]. The aqueous persistence performance of Ag nanocolloids particles has been studied in depth in various environments [33]. Silver nanoparticles capped with Oleylamine (AgNPs/OLA) and its application in conductive ink for the electroanalytical application has been reported in [34].
\nSome of those examples show that silver nanoscale research and application are of concern to researchers. Due to the broad scope of the study of silver nanoparticles, we have limited this article to the synthesis of nanoparticles by simple methods, particle nanoparticle effects on structures, and electrical properties in polymers such as polyaniline, and some organic polymers such as
Basic of experimental method used in the current work was a chemical reduction from the silver nitrate salt of AgNO3. The silver nitrate (AgNO3) dissolves into a positive ion (Ag+) and negative ion (NO3−). From the process, we could obtain solid silver grain due to the ions experience a reduction process by accepting electrons from a donor. After forming the silver nucleus, a crystal growth continues at the relatively short time. By this way, a crystal of nanosize obtained. This nanoparticle fabrication and other similar synthesize are known as bottom-up technic.
\nThe raw materials used are silver nitrate AgNO3, sodium borohydride NaBH4 as a reductor, and mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA) as a stabilizer. Conventional solvents which normally used are aquades and methanol. A series of MSA, namely 0.03, 0.06, 0.12, and 0.15 M, was dissolved in methanol of 400 mL, then stirred rigorously using magnetic stirrer in an ice bath. Into the solution, add the second solution, i.e., silver nitrate about 340 mg to 6.792 mL aquades. While the mixture of both solutions is being stirred, sodium borohydride of 756.6 mg in 100 mL aquades drops small wisely. After adding the second solvent, the clear MSA solution changed into an amber one. Further, by adding the third solution, the mixture solution transforms into black-brownish. The final solution has then employed a stirring for 30 min at 500 rpm and maintained at a temperature of 5–10°C. The obtained particles then rinse using methanol on Whatman filter. The latter step was conducted several times to ensure the only silver particle remains. The collected material was then exposed to 80°C yielding silver nanopowder.
\nTwo series of silver-doped PANI-AgNPs/Ni and ultrasonic irradiation time films have been prepared using spin-coating method. Each series was provided five samples. The basic configuration of PANI-EB and PANI-ES were synthesized following the procedure of previous report [7]. The solutions of PANI-Ag had been prepared with synthesizing PANI-EB from aniline using the chemical oxidizing method. About 1.82 mL aniline (0.1 M) was dissolved into 50 mL HCl (0.2 M) liquid for about 1 h. Along with this, a solution of 5.71 g (NH4)2S2O8 (0.1 M) in 50 mL aquadest was also prepared at the same time. After 1 h, those two solutions were mixed and stirred a while, then exposed at room temperature for about 24 h for polymerization. The precipitated material was filtered using Whatman filter paper, then washed using deionized water and aquades until clear liquids are observed. The obtained precipitated materials are then mixed and homogenized using magnetic stirrer in NH4OH (0.5 M) for 4 h, and then let them rest for about 24 h and washed using aquades to obtain a blue PANI-EB. The powder of PANI-EB can be obtained after annealing the material for 5 h at 80°C. PANI-EB then mixed with camphor sulfonic acid (CSA) and then mixed with AgNO3 solution in chloroform and employing ultrasonic irradiation for various irradiation times. The obtained solution was filtered to obtain a PANI-Ag solution for deposition on nickel substrate using spin-coating method. A different series of various AgNO3 PANI doped of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 M was also prepared in the same manner. The films have been deposited onto 1 × 1 cm2 Ni substrate using spin-coating method at 1000 rpm for 1 min. The obtained films were then annealed at 100°C for 1 min.
\nSamples were prepared in several stages. The initial step was the extraction of
A similar way was performed to obtain a flavonoid extract of
To fabricate a thin film of AgNP-doped flavonoid, the mixture should be transformed into the liquid phase. In this case, two solutions were first prepared separately. The first solution was obtained from 0.1 M AgNO3, which was dissolved in acetone. A relatively fine-ground camphor sulfonic acid (CSA) was mixed with the flavonoid extract PIW. The two solutions were then incorporated into a glass beaker and then stirred. The process proceeds until a homogenous mixture was obtained. To promote smaller size of silver ion as well as flavonoid incorporation in the homogenous mixture, we employed ultrasonic irradiation for 60 min. To achieve different AgNP-doped flavonoids/Ni films, the process has been repeated with a different AgNO3 concentration of solutions. By following the preparation of JML-AgNP/Ni films, the flavonoid’s PIW-AgNP/Ni films were also prepared in five different molar ratios of silver nitrate. The fabrication of those two nanosilver-doped films has been prepared using spin-coating method on nickel substrates of 1 × 1 cm2 with 1500 rpm speed for 60 s. Each of the resulted film then follows annealing for repeating the process for concentrations of 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 M. The films finally annealed at 50°C for 5 min. Then those two series films were characterized using X-RD using Cu-Kα, FTIR, and four-probe electrical conductivity measurements.
\nExcept for NaBH4 for reducing agent, to synthesize nanometallic state, MSA is used as a reducing agent that also acts as a stabilizer agent of Ag+. The synthetic silver nanoparticles are more stable and not easily oxidized. In addition, MSA also affects the size of the resulting silver nanocrystals. Figure 1 shows the TEM results of spherical silver on the nanometer scale. The particle size of the TEM shows a yield of about 30 nm.
\nTEM image of silver nanoparticles and associated diffraction [
The TEM diffraction pattern of the sample was reported in our previous work [35]. It is shown that the sample is polycrystalline, which is indicated by the clear spots together with accompanying weak rings also reported by Majeed [36].
\nThe X-ray diffraction pattern of obtained samples is displayed in Figure 2. Several identified peaks of intensity I-2
XRD pattern of AgNPs at various MSA concentration.
It is also possible that one found different values of
Based on the result of XRD as shown in Figure 2, the crystal size was calculated using Eq. (1). It shows that the size is in the range of 20–30 nm, which decreases with increasing concentration of MSA, as shown in Figure 3.
\nThe influence of MSA concentration on AgNP crystal size.
Of the two characterization analyses between TEM and XRD showed the size of the crystal is somewhat different results. The problems of crystal size calculation obtained from TEM, XRD, and/or probably SEM characterization is discussed in our work [35]. The crystal size obtained from XRD pattern calculation may be smaller than that derived from TEM. The discrepancy mostly not only originated from the di erent method of both types of equipment, but also due to the choosing peaks, implementing units of
Another capping agent such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) will be discussed briefly. We have obtained several AgNP samples which were prepared under the influence of PEG. The results are displayed in Figure 4.
\nThe influence of PEG template (a) XRD and (b) crystal size.
Figure 4 shows the result of AgNP crystal size with increasing of PEG concentration. The silver crystal size lies around 12–24 nm. Based on Figure 4, it is seen that excluding of 0.075 M, increasing PEG concentration slightly decrease the crystals size. It could be indicated that PEG plays a role in controlling the crystal size. The researcher also uses PEG as a template for synthesizing nanoparticles [37]. One purpose of the use of PEG as a template or as a capping agent is not only to control the size, but also the distribution [41]. The effect of PVP repeating unit to the obtained crystal size of AgNPs was reported [18]. Many other solvents have been used for the synthesis of various size and shape of AgNPs, such as PEG [42], citrate [33, 43], and MSA [35].
\nIt is shown that the size and shape of particles are affected by its physical properties [31, 32]. At the nanometer scale, the properties or characteristics of silver will change its electrical properties. Therefore, in the exploration of organic materials for electronics, silver nanoparticles can be incorporated with various conductive polymers such as PANI, JML, and PIW. The three polymers are conductive polymers with electric charge mechanisms of single- and double-conjugated bond hopping in the polymer. Although they said to be a conductive polymer, the pristine one is in the semiconductor range. So researcher expects that by controlling the metallic or oxidic nanoparticles may influence the electrical properties. In this report, we focus on the modification of the electrical conductivity. The following shows the effect of AgNP concentration on the electrical conductivity of PANI film as indicated in Figure 5.
\nThe influence of AgNPs on electrical conductivity of PANI.
The PANI composite with AgNPs indicates an increase in electrical conductivity by increasing the concentration of AgNPs used, as shown in Figure 5. The increased electrical conductivity of PANI is due to the increased electrical mobility derived from AgNPs in the compound. This result is comparable with the works reported by Wankhede et al. [44]. Unfortunately, they reported only for one composition of PANI-AgNPs, at various temperatures. Our results are far higher than that of PANI/PS/AgNPs nanocomposite samples [45].
\nThe stability of electrical conductivity to PANI and AgNP composites were measured under the influence of ultrasonic irradiation. The various irradiation time was employed to the mixture of PANI-EB-AgNP solution prior to the deposition process. The electrical conductivity measurements of dwelling time are depicted in Figure 6.
\nThe stability electrical conductivity of PANI-AgNPs under ultrasonic irradiation.
It shows that the electrical conductivity of PANI-AgNP film has the stability of electrical conductivity values in the range 0.5–0.7 S.cm−1. Out of that range, the duration of irradiation time is followed. It suggests that the intrinsic structure may also be changed by the ultrasonic irradiation dwelling time.
\nFlavonoids of JML [46, 47] or PIW [48] are potential for the conductive organic polymer. Initially, the conductive polymer is in/below the semiconductor range after oxidizing or reducing process [49]. Also, the general polymer has an amorphous phase. When flavonoids extracted from JML are composited with AgNPs, we may expect that its electrical conductivity will increase. Here, we report the results of electrical conductivity measurement of AgNPs doped of JML and PIW flavonoids extracts. The crystallinity of the sample may be affected by the electrical conductivity, Figure 7. It indicates that the crystallinity of the sample increases with the increase of AgNP concentration in the composite.
\nThe influence of AgNPs on crystallinity JML.
As indicated in Figure 7, it is seen that the feature of AgNPs vs. crystallinity is not a linear, simple relationship. It shows a significant change in the range of 0.2–0.4 M of AgNPs, while substantial difference above or below that range. To look further, we plot the relation between AgNP concentration to its electrical conductivity, as shown in Figure 8.
\nThe influence of AgNPs on film JML-AgNPs.
The electrical conductivity of extracted JML flavonoid-AgNPs exponentially increases as the AgNPs increase. By comparing Figure 8 with Figure 7, it is found that the rise in electrical conductivity does not merely support its crystallinity. It means that there is no direct or simple relationship.
\nAgNP-doped PIW flavonoid may show a similar feature. Roughly speaking, the role of AgNPs induced in the flavonoids’ PIW-AgNP film also increases its crystallinity, as shown in Figure 9.
\nThe influence of AgNPs on crystallinity flavonoid’s PIW-AgNP film.
It is similar to its increase of crystallinity, the electrical conductivity of flavonoid’s PIW-AgNP film is also increased as the increase of AgNPs, as illustrated in Figure 10.
\nThe influence of AgNPs on electrical conductivity of flavonoid’s PIW-AgNP film.
By comparing Figures 9 and 10, it can be inferred that its crystallinity may characterize the increase of electrical conductivity of flavonoid’s PIW-AgNP film. In another words, the role of AgNPs on the electrical conductivity of flavonoid’s PIW-AgNP film is reflected by its crystallinity. As the electrical conductivity of flavonoids of PIW and JML shows different features, the type of flavonoid of both plants is possibly different. It is also possible that technically the distribution, or where the AgNPs interreact with, is also different.
\nStudy of the role of AgNPs and polymers has been widely reported for many routes of synthesis and their applications [45, 50, 51]. Recently, AgNPs containing nanostructure nanocomposite have also been investigated for supercapacitors [52], polymer solar cells [53], or thin film silver-TiO2 thermoelectric [54].
\nSome factors are influencing the size and the conductivity of AgNPs, i.e., the MSA concentration, ultrasonic irradiation time, as well as the concentration of PEG. In general, the increase of AgNP concentration gives rise to an increase in its electrical conductivity. Although the conductivity of polymers depends on AgNP concentration, the conductivity of the AgNPs doped of polymers does not directly reflect its crystallinity or crystal size.
\nAgNPs have excellent potential applications in medical, environment, electronics, dielectrics, and optical solar cell application. It is urgently required to perform an extensive research of various AgNPs and its derivatives for multiple applications.
\nThe author thanks the Ministry of Research and Higher Education for the Research grants of University Excellent Research Grants, HUPT 2016, 2017, Primary Individual National Innovative Research Grant INSINAS 2017.
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The main goal of the present chapter is to illustrate the improvements accomplished in this field allowing to enhance the basic functionalities of the Omnet++ simulator by implementing the most modern antenna array technologies.",book:{id:"6844",slug:"array-pattern-optimization",title:"Array Pattern Optimization",fullTitle:"Array Pattern Optimization"},signatures:"Vincenzo Inzillo, Floriano De Rango, Luigi Zampogna and Alfonso A. Quintana",authors:null},{id:"52919",title:"Waveform Design Considerations for 5G Wireless Networks",slug:"waveform-design-considerations-for-5g-wireless-networks",totalDownloads:3399,totalCrossrefCites:1,totalDimensionsCites:2,abstract:"In this chapter, we first introduce new requirements of 5G wireless network and its differences from past generations. The question “Why do we need new waveforms?” is answered in these respects. In the following sections, time‐frequency (TF) lattice structure, pulse shaping, and multicarrier schemes are discussed in detail. TF lattice structures give information about TF localization of the pulse shape of employed filters. The structures are examined for multicarrier, single‐carrier, time‐division, and frequency‐division multiplexing schemes, comparatively. Dispersion on time and frequency response of these filters may cause interference among symbols and carriers. Thus, effects of different pulse shapes, their corresponding transceiver structures, and trade‐offs are given. Finally, performance evaluations of the selected waveform structures for 5G wireless communication systems are discussed.",book:{id:"5480",slug:"towards-5g-wireless-networks-a-physical-layer-perspective",title:"Towards 5G Wireless Networks",fullTitle:"Towards 5G Wireless Networks - A Physical Layer Perspective"},signatures:"Evren Çatak and Lütfiye Durak‐Ata",authors:[{id:"19414",title:"Prof.",name:"Lutfiye",middleName:null,surname:"Durak-Ata",slug:"lutfiye-durak-ata",fullName:"Lutfiye Durak-Ata"},{id:"189749",title:"M.Sc.",name:"Evren",middleName:null,surname:"Çatak",slug:"evren-catak",fullName:"Evren Çatak"}]},{id:"54645",title:"Power‐Over‐Fiber Applications for Telecommunications and for Electric Utilities",slug:"power-over-fiber-applications-for-telecommunications-and-for-electric-utilities",totalDownloads:2566,totalCrossrefCites:11,totalDimensionsCites:19,abstract:"Beyond telecommunications, optical fibers can also transport optical energy to powering electric or electronic devices remotely. This technique is called power over fiber (PoF). Besides the advantages of optical fiber (immunity to electromagnetic interferences and electrical insulation), the employment of a PoF scheme can eliminate the energy supplied by metallic cable and batteries located at remote sites, improving the reliability and the security of the system. Smart grid is a green field where PoF can be applied. Experts see smart grid as the output to a new technological level seeks to incorporate extensively technologies for sensing, monitoring, information technology, and telecommunications for the best performance electrical network. On the other hand, in telecommunications, PoF can be used in applications, such as remote antennas and extenders for passive optical networks (PONs). PoF can make them virtually passives. We reviewed the PoF concept, its main elements, technologies, and applications focusing in access networks and in smart grid developments made by the author’s research group.",book:{id:"5914",slug:"optical-fiber-and-wireless-communications",title:"Optical Fiber and Wireless Communications",fullTitle:"Optical Fiber and Wireless Communications"},signatures:"Joao Batista Rosolem",authors:[{id:"202012",title:"Dr.",name:"Joao",middleName:"Batista",surname:"Batista Rosolem",slug:"joao-batista-rosolem",fullName:"Joao Batista Rosolem"}]},{id:"75267",title:"Wireless Power Charging in Electrical Vehicles",slug:"wireless-power-charging-in-electrical-vehicles",totalDownloads:596,totalCrossrefCites:1,totalDimensionsCites:1,abstract:"Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology can transfer electrical energy from a transmitter to a receiver wirelessly. Due to its many advantages, WPT technology is a more adequate and suitable solution for many industrial applications compared to the power transfer by wires. Using WPT technology will reduce the annoyance of wires, improve the power transfer mechanisms. Recently, the WPT gain enormous attention to charging the on-board batteries of the Electric Vehicle (EV). Several well-known car manufacturing companies start efforts to adopt WPT technology and enhance its features. Therefore, WPT can be achieved through the affordable inductive coupling between two coils named a transmitter and a receiver coil. In EV charging applications, transmitter coils are located underneath the road, and receiver coils are installed in the EV. The inductive WPT of resonant type is generally applied to medium-high power transfer applications like EV charging because it achieves better energy efficiency. In this chapter, various WPT technologies are discussed and tested in EV wireless charging applications. Furthermore, extensive information is given to developing an advanced WPT technology that can transfer maximum power by achieving maximum efficiency.",book:{id:"10514",slug:"wireless-power-transfer-recent-development-applications-and-new-perspectives",title:"Wireless Power Transfer",fullTitle:"Wireless Power Transfer – Recent Development, Applications and New Perspectives"},signatures:"Nassim Iqteit, Khalid Yahya and Sajjad Ahmad Khan",authors:[{id:"270815",title:"Dr.",name:"Khalid",middleName:"O. Moh.",surname:"Yahya",slug:"khalid-yahya",fullName:"Khalid Yahya"},{id:"315602",title:"Dr.",name:"Nassim",middleName:null,surname:"Iqteit",slug:"nassim-iqteit",fullName:"Nassim Iqteit"},{id:"319848",title:"Dr.",name:"Sajjad",middleName:"Ahmad",surname:"Khan",slug:"sajjad-khan",fullName:"Sajjad Khan"}]}],onlineFirstChaptersFilter:{topicId:"761",limit:6,offset:0},onlineFirstChaptersCollection:[],onlineFirstChaptersTotal:0},preDownload:{success:null,errors:{}},subscriptionForm:{success:null,errors:{}},aboutIntechopen:{},privacyPolicy:{},peerReviewing:{},howOpenAccessPublishingWithIntechopenWorks:{},sponsorshipBooks:{sponsorshipBooks:[],offset:0,limit:8,total:null},allSeries:{pteSeriesList:[{id:"14",title:"Artificial Intelligence",numberOfPublishedBooks:9,numberOfPublishedChapters:87,numberOfOpenTopics:6,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2633-1403",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.79920",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"7",title:"Biomedical Engineering",numberOfPublishedBooks:12,numberOfPublishedChapters:98,numberOfOpenTopics:3,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2631-5343",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.71985",isOpenForSubmission:!0}],lsSeriesList:[{id:"11",title:"Biochemistry",numberOfPublishedBooks:27,numberOfPublishedChapters:287,numberOfOpenTopics:4,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2632-0983",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.72877",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"25",title:"Environmental Sciences",numberOfPublishedBooks:1,numberOfPublishedChapters:9,numberOfOpenTopics:4,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2754-6713",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.100362",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"10",title:"Physiology",numberOfPublishedBooks:11,numberOfPublishedChapters:139,numberOfOpenTopics:4,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2631-8261",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.72796",isOpenForSubmission:!0}],hsSeriesList:[{id:"3",title:"Dentistry",numberOfPublishedBooks:8,numberOfPublishedChapters:129,numberOfOpenTopics:0,numberOfUpcomingTopics:2,issn:"2631-6218",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.71199",isOpenForSubmission:!1},{id:"6",title:"Infectious Diseases",numberOfPublishedBooks:13,numberOfPublishedChapters:107,numberOfOpenTopics:3,numberOfUpcomingTopics:1,issn:"2631-6188",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.71852",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"13",title:"Veterinary Medicine and Science",numberOfPublishedBooks:10,numberOfPublishedChapters:103,numberOfOpenTopics:3,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:"2632-0517",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.73681",isOpenForSubmission:!0}],sshSeriesList:[{id:"22",title:"Business, Management and Economics",numberOfPublishedBooks:1,numberOfPublishedChapters:12,numberOfOpenTopics:2,numberOfUpcomingTopics:1,issn:null,doi:"10.5772/intechopen.100359",isOpenForSubmission:!0},{id:"23",title:"Education and Human Development",numberOfPublishedBooks:0,numberOfPublishedChapters:0,numberOfOpenTopics:2,numberOfUpcomingTopics:0,issn:null,doi:"10.5772/intechopen.100360",isOpenForSubmission:!1},{id:"24",title:"Sustainable Development",numberOfPublishedBooks:0,numberOfPublishedChapters:10,numberOfOpenTopics:4,numberOfUpcomingTopics:1,issn:null,doi:"10.5772/intechopen.100361",isOpenForSubmission:!0}],testimonialsList:[{id:"13",text:"The collaboration with and support of the technical staff of IntechOpen is fantastic. The whole process of submitting an article and editing of the submitted article goes extremely smooth and fast, the number of reads and downloads of chapters is high, and the contributions are also frequently cited.",author:{id:"55578",name:"Antonio",surname:"Jurado-Navas",institutionString:null,profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bRisIQAS/Profile_Picture_1626166543950",slug:"antonio-jurado-navas",institution:{id:"720",name:"University of Malaga",country:{id:null,name:"Spain"}}}},{id:"6",text:"It is great to work with the IntechOpen to produce a worthwhile collection of research that also becomes a great educational resource and guide for future research endeavors.",author:{id:"259298",name:"Edward",surname:"Narayan",institutionString:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/259298/images/system/259298.jpeg",slug:"edward-narayan",institution:{id:"3",name:"University of Queensland",country:{id:null,name:"Australia"}}}}]},series:{item:{id:"7",title:"Biomedical Engineering",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.71985",issn:"2631-5343",scope:"Biomedical Engineering is one of the fastest-growing interdisciplinary branches of science and industry. The combination of electronics and computer science with biology and medicine has improved patient diagnosis, reduced rehabilitation time, and helped to facilitate a better quality of life. Nowadays, all medical imaging devices, medical instruments, or new laboratory techniques result from the cooperation of specialists in various fields. The series of Biomedical Engineering books covers such areas of knowledge as chemistry, physics, electronics, medicine, and biology. 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Dr. Koprowski has authored more than a hundred research papers with dozens in impact factor (IF) journals and has authored or co-authored six books. Additionally, he is the author of several national and international patents in the field of biomedical devices and imaging. Since 2011, he has been a reviewer of grants and projects (including EU projects) in biomedical engineering.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Silesia",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Poland"}}},editorTwo:null,editorThree:null},subseries:{paginationCount:3,paginationItems:[{id:"7",title:"Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/7.jpg",isOpenForSubmission:!0,editor:{id:"351533",title:"Dr.",name:"Slawomir",middleName:null,surname:"Wilczynski",slug:"slawomir-wilczynski",fullName:"Slawomir Wilczynski",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0033Y000035U1loQAC/Profile_Picture_1630074514792",biography:"Professor Sławomir Wilczyński, Head of the Chair of Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland. His research interests are focused on modern imaging methods used in medicine and pharmacy, including in particular hyperspectral imaging, dynamic thermovision analysis, high-resolution ultrasound, as well as other techniques such as EPR, NMR and hemispheric directional reflectance. Author of over 100 scientific works, patents and industrial designs. Expert of the Polish National Center for Research and Development, Member of the Investment Committee in the Bridge Alfa NCBiR program, expert of the Polish Ministry of Funds and Regional Policy, Polish Medical Research Agency. Editor-in-chief of the journal in the field of aesthetic medicine and dermatology - Aesthetica.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Medical University of Silesia",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Poland"}}},editorTwo:null,editorThree:null},{id:"8",title:"Bioinspired Technology and Biomechanics",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/8.jpg",isOpenForSubmission:!0,editor:{id:"144937",title:"Prof.",name:"Adriano",middleName:"De Oliveira",surname:"Andrade",slug:"adriano-andrade",fullName:"Adriano Andrade",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002bRC8QQAW/Profile_Picture_1625219101815",biography:"Dr. Adriano de Oliveira Andrade graduated in Electrical Engineering at the Federal University of Goiás (Brazil) in 1997. He received his MSc and PhD in Biomedical Engineering respectively from the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU, Brazil) in 2000 and from the University of Reading (UK) in 2005. He completed a one-year Post-Doctoral Fellowship awarded by the DFAIT (Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada) at the Institute of Biomedical Engineering of the University of New Brunswick (Canada) in 2010. Currently, he is Professor in the Faculty of Electrical Engineering (UFU). He has authored and co-authored more than 200 peer-reviewed publications in Biomedical Engineering. He has been a researcher of The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq-Brazil) since 2009. He has served as an ad-hoc consultant for CNPq, CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel), FINEP (Brazilian Innovation Agency), and other funding bodies on several occasions. He was the Secretary of the Brazilian Society of Biomedical Engineering (SBEB) from 2015 to 2016, President of SBEB (2017-2018) and Vice-President of SBEB (2019-2020). He was the head of the undergraduate program in Biomedical Engineering of the Federal University of Uberlândia (2015 - June/2019) and the head of the Centre for Innovation and Technology Assessment in Health (NIATS/UFU) since 2010. He is the head of the Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering (UFU, July/2019 - to date). He was the secretary of the Parkinson's Disease Association of Uberlândia (2018-2019). Dr. Andrade's primary area of research is focused towards getting information from the neuromuscular system to understand its strategies of organization, adaptation and controlling in the context of motor neuron diseases. His research interests include Biomedical Signal Processing and Modelling, Assistive Technology, Rehabilitation Engineering, Neuroengineering and Parkinson's Disease.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Federal University of Uberlândia",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Brazil"}}},editorTwo:null,editorThree:null},{id:"9",title:"Biotechnology - Biosensors, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/9.jpg",isOpenForSubmission:!0,editor:{id:"126286",title:"Dr.",name:"Luis",middleName:"Jesús",surname:"Villarreal-Gómez",slug:"luis-villarreal-gomez",fullName:"Luis Villarreal-Gómez",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/126286/images/system/126286.jpg",biography:"Dr. Luis Villarreal is a research professor from the Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, México. Dr. Villarreal is the editor in chief and founder of the Revista de Ciencias Tecnológicas (RECIT) (https://recit.uabc.mx/) and is a member of several editorial and reviewer boards for numerous international journals. He has published more than thirty international papers and reviewed more than ninety-two manuscripts. His research interests include biomaterials, nanomaterials, bioengineering, biosensors, drug delivery systems, and tissue engineering.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Autonomous University of Baja California",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Mexico"}}},editorTwo:null,editorThree:null}]},overviewPageOFChapters:{paginationCount:17,paginationItems:[{id:"81751",title:"NanoBioSensors: From Electrochemical Sensors Improvement to Theranostic Applications",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.102552",signatures:"Anielle C.A. Silva, Eliete A. Alvin, Lais S. de Jesus, Caio C.L. de França, Marílya P.G. da Silva, Samaysa L. Lins, Diógenes Meneses, Marcela R. Lemes, Rhanoica O. Guerra, Marcos V. da Silva, Carlo J.F. de Oliveira, Virmondes Rodrigues Junior, Renata M. Etchebehere, Fabiane C. de Abreu, Bruno G. Lucca, Sanívia A.L. Pereira, Rodrigo C. Rosa and Noelio O. 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Paul",slug:"organoids-and-commercialization",totalDownloads:30,totalCrossrefCites:0,totalDimensionsCites:0,authors:null,book:{title:"Organoids",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/11430.jpg",subseries:null}}]},overviewPagePublishedBooks:{paginationCount:12,paginationItems:[{type:"book",id:"6692",title:"Medical and Biological Image Analysis",subtitle:null,coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/6692.jpg",slug:"medical-and-biological-image-analysis",publishedDate:"July 4th 2018",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Robert Koprowski",hash:"e75f234a0fc1988d9816a94e4c724deb",volumeInSeries:1,fullTitle:"Medical and Biological Image Analysis",editors:[{id:"50150",title:"Prof.",name:"Robert",middleName:null,surname:"Koprowski",slug:"robert-koprowski",fullName:"Robert Koprowski",profilePictureURL:"https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/intech-files/0030O00002aYTYNQA4/Profile_Picture_1630478535317",biography:"Robert Koprowski, MD (1997), PhD (2003), Habilitation (2015), is an employee of the University of Silesia, Poland, Institute of Computer Science, Department of Biomedical Computer Systems. For 20 years, he has studied the analysis and processing of biomedical images, emphasizing the full automation of measurement for a large inter-individual variability of patients. Dr. Koprowski has authored more than a hundred research papers with dozens in impact factor (IF) journals and has authored or co-authored six books. Additionally, he is the author of several national and international patents in the field of biomedical devices and imaging. Since 2011, he has been a reviewer of grants and projects (including EU projects) in biomedical engineering.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"University of Silesia",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Poland"}}}]},{type:"book",id:"7218",title:"OCT",subtitle:"Applications in Ophthalmology",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/7218.jpg",slug:"oct-applications-in-ophthalmology",publishedDate:"September 19th 2018",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Michele Lanza",hash:"e3a3430cdfd6999caccac933e4613885",volumeInSeries:2,fullTitle:"OCT - Applications in Ophthalmology",editors:[{id:"240088",title:"Prof.",name:"Michele",middleName:null,surname:"Lanza",slug:"michele-lanza",fullName:"Michele Lanza",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/240088/images/system/240088.png",biography:"Michele Lanza is Associate Professor of Ophthalmology at Università della Campania, Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy. His fields of interest are anterior segment disease, keratoconus, glaucoma, corneal dystrophies, and cataracts. His research topics include\nintraocular lens power calculation, eye modification induced by refractive surgery, glaucoma progression, and validation of new diagnostic devices in ophthalmology. \nHe has published more than 100 papers in international and Italian scientific journals, more than 60 in journals with impact factors, and chapters in international and Italian books. He has also edited two international books and authored more than 150 communications or posters for the most important international and Italian ophthalmology conferences.",institutionString:'University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"',institution:{name:'University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"',institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Italy"}}}]},{type:"book",id:"7560",title:"Non-Invasive Diagnostic Methods",subtitle:"Image Processing",coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/7560.jpg",slug:"non-invasive-diagnostic-methods-image-processing",publishedDate:"December 19th 2018",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Mariusz Marzec and Robert Koprowski",hash:"d92fd8cf5a90a47f2b8a310837a5600e",volumeInSeries:3,fullTitle:"Non-Invasive Diagnostic Methods - Image Processing",editors:[{id:"253468",title:"Dr.",name:"Mariusz",middleName:null,surname:"Marzec",slug:"mariusz-marzec",fullName:"Mariusz Marzec",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/253468/images/system/253468.png",biography:"An assistant professor at Department of Biomedical Computer Systems, at Institute of Computer Science, Silesian University in Katowice. Scientific interests: computer analysis and processing of images, biomedical images, databases and programming languages. He is an author and co-author of scientific publications covering analysis and processing of biomedical images and development of database systems.",institutionString:"University of Silesia",institution:null}]},{type:"book",id:"6843",title:"Biomechanics",subtitle:null,coverURL:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/books/images_new/6843.jpg",slug:"biomechanics",publishedDate:"January 30th 2019",editedByType:"Edited by",bookSignature:"Hadi Mohammadi",hash:"85132976010be1d7f3dbd88662b785e5",volumeInSeries:4,fullTitle:"Biomechanics",editors:[{id:"212432",title:"Prof.",name:"Hadi",middleName:null,surname:"Mohammadi",slug:"hadi-mohammadi",fullName:"Hadi Mohammadi",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/212432/images/system/212432.jpeg",biography:"Dr. Hadi Mohammadi is a biomedical engineer with hands-on experience in the design and development of many engineering structures and medical devices through various projects that he has been involved in over the past twenty years. Dr. Mohammadi received his BSc. and MSc. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, and his PhD. degree in Biomedical Engineering (biomaterials) from the University of Western Ontario. He was a postdoctoral trainee for almost four years at University of Calgary and Harvard Medical School. He is an industry innovator having created the technology to produce lifelike synthetic platforms that can be used for the simulation of almost all cardiovascular reconstructive surgeries. He’s been heavily involved in the design and development of cardiovascular devices and technology for the past 10 years. He is currently an Assistant Professor with the University of British Colombia, Canada.",institutionString:"University of British Columbia",institution:{name:"University of British Columbia",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Canada"}}}]}]},openForSubmissionBooks:{},onlineFirstChapters:{},subseriesFiltersForOFChapters:[],publishedBooks:{},subseriesFiltersForPublishedBooks:[],publicationYearFilters:[],authors:{}},subseries:{item:{id:"25",type:"subseries",title:"Evolutionary Computation",keywords:"Genetic Algorithms, Genetic Programming, Evolutionary Programming, Evolution Strategies, Hybrid Algorithms, Bioinspired Metaheuristics, Ant Colony Optimization, Evolutionary Learning, Hyperparameter Optimization",scope:"Evolutionary computing is a paradigm that has grown dramatically in recent years. This group of bio-inspired metaheuristics solves multiple optimization problems by applying the metaphor of natural selection. It so far has solved problems such as resource allocation, routing, schedule planning, and engineering design. Moreover, in the field of machine learning, evolutionary computation has carved out a significant niche both in the generation of learning models and in the automatic design and optimization of hyperparameters in deep learning models. This collection aims to include quality volumes on various topics related to evolutionary algorithms and, alternatively, other metaheuristics of interest inspired by nature. For example, some of the issues of interest could be the following: Advances in evolutionary computation (Genetic algorithms, Genetic programming, Bio-inspired metaheuristics, Hybrid metaheuristics, Parallel ECs); Applications of evolutionary algorithms (Machine learning and Data Mining with EAs, Search-Based Software Engineering, Scheduling, and Planning Applications, Smart Transport Applications, Applications to Games, Image Analysis, Signal Processing and Pattern Recognition, Applications to Sustainability).",coverUrl:"https://cdn.intechopen.com/series_topics/covers/25.jpg",hasOnlineFirst:!1,hasPublishedBooks:!0,annualVolume:11421,editor:{id:"136112",title:"Dr.",name:"Sebastian",middleName:null,surname:"Ventura Soto",slug:"sebastian-ventura-soto",fullName:"Sebastian Ventura Soto",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/136112/images/system/136112.png",biography:"Sebastian Ventura is a Spanish researcher, a full professor with the Department of Computer Science and Numerical Analysis, University of Córdoba. Dr Ventura also holds the positions of Affiliated Professor at Virginia Commonwealth University (Richmond, USA) and Distinguished Adjunct Professor at King Abdulaziz University (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia). Additionally, he is deputy director of the Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI) and heads the Knowledge Discovery and Intelligent Systems Research Laboratory. He has published more than ten books and over 300 articles in journals and scientific conferences. Currently, his work has received over 18,000 citations according to Google Scholar, including more than 2200 citations in 2020. In the last five years, he has published more than 60 papers in international journals indexed in the JCR (around 70% of them belonging to first quartile journals) and he has edited some Springer books “Supervised Descriptive Pattern Mining” (2018), “Multiple Instance Learning - Foundations and Algorithms” (2016), and “Pattern Mining with Evolutionary Algorithms” (2016). He has also been involved in more than 20 research projects supported by the Spanish and Andalusian governments and the European Union. He currently belongs to the editorial board of PeerJ Computer Science, Information Fusion and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence journals, being also associate editor of Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing and IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics. Finally, he is editor-in-chief of Progress in Artificial Intelligence. 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