Fatima Isiaka

By Fatima Isiaka, Kassim Mwitondi and Adamu M. Ibrahim

Complex dynamic contents of visual stimuli induce implicit reactions in a user. This leads to changes in physiological processes of the user which is referred to as stress. Our goal is to model and produce a system that represents the mechanical interactions of the body and eye movement behavior. We are particularly concerned with the skin conductance response (SCR) and eye fixations to visual stimulus and build a dynamic system that detects stress and its correlates to visual widgets. The process consists of the following modules: (1) a hypothesis generator for suggesting possible structural changes that result from the direct interaction with visual stimulus, (2) an information source for responding to operator querying about users’ interactive and physiological processes, and (3) a continuous system simulator for simulating and illustrating physiological reactions during interaction. This model serves as an infrastructure for modeling physiological processes and could be of benefit in usability laboratory, web developers, and designers of interactive systems, enabling evaluators to visualize interface as a better access to identifying areas that cause stress to users.

Part of the book: Human-Robot Interaction

By Fatima Isiaka and Zainab Adamu

As expected, digital circuits are mostly ubiquitous and a necessary part of our modern and everyday life. Most of our electronics are formed from its configuration. Also new applications are now being designed almost all the time. This is fairly a most recent phenomenon. This chapter is aimed at integration of a DC motor to its demultiplexer encoders for the modeling of a complex system. Almost every mechanical movement that we come across is accomplished by an electronic motor, which are a means of converting energy to mechanical source. Almost all DC motors work on the same principles so the main objective is to apply direct current that operates through the interaction of magnetic flux and an electric current to produce rotational speed and configured torque to the demultiplexer encoders for the automation of a complex engine starter system. On several reruns, the result shows that the DC motor and DMF machine will be an important factor for mechanical device integration and composition of most demultiplexed machines.

Part of the book: Control Theory in Engineering

By Fatima Isiaka

Visual aesthetics is a crucial aspect of visual experience, and very few amount of knowledge is distributed to people on how some visual colors are more pronounced than others or why users prefer some colors to others. There are few articles that have written topics on the natural adaptations and how colour can affect people. In this chapter, we lay special emphasis on improving methods on visual aesthetics for user interaction by applying natural valence modelling where color preferences arise from user’s average affective response to visual aesthetics, that is mostly related to objects or things around us. A simple experiment conducted as provided support in respect to this phenomenon. Users like or prefer very strong and sharp colors that attract the eyes and dislike colors that are less sharp or clear to human vision. This natural valence modelling agrees more to the data collected and gives a more plausible or very comprehensive meaning to how users prefer the colors of objects they had viewed.

Part of the book: Human 4.0

By Fatima Isiaka, Awwal M. Adamu, Salihu A. Abdulkarim and Abdullahi Salihu

In most mechanical systems, screw threads serve three main basic purposes: (i) to transmit power, (ii) to provide a clamping force, and finally (iii) to restrict or control motion. This chapter demonstrates the effects of friction and behavior which can occur in a bolted fastening (screw thread) for advanced design purposes. To model this behavior, other control components are attached to the bolted screw. The bolt preload is applied with a predetermined torque. For this case the preload depends on the friction under the head and in the thread. The friction prevents the loosing of the bolted fastening. This effect is termed as self-locking effect. We designed an algorithm that reproduces an exemplary simulation scenario, which determines friction and its effect on thread angle based on the strength of the coefficient of friction at a specific tension or clamp load value using the system-of-system approach. The result shows specific behavior on both the motion in threads and drive screw with predetermined torque. The chapter is limited to creating a simple simulation environment to demonstrate the effects.

Part of the book: Systems-of-Systems Perspectives and Applications