\r\n\tThe study of populations and plant communities in their different aspects; ecological, structural, functional and dynamic, it is essential to establish a posteriori models of forest and agricultural management.
\r\n\r\n\tFor this, the methodological approaches on the type of sampling are considered essential, since there are differences between the purely ecological and the phytosociological methods, despite the fact that both pursue the same objective.
\r\n\tAlthough the ecological method for the knowledge of the vegetation is widely extended, the phytosociological one is no less so, since in the European Union it has been developed as a consequence of policies on sustainability, through which regulations have been issued, such as the habitats directive.
\r\n\tOn the other hand, research on plant dynamics and knowledge of the landscape in an integral way, have multiplied in the last 30 years, which has favored a deep knowledge of the floristic and phytocenotic wealth, which is fundamental for agricultural management, livestock and forestry.
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He has participated in national and international congresses with about 250 papers. He has held a number of different academic positions, including Dean of the Faculty of Experimental Sciences at the University of Jaen, Spain, and founder and director of the International Seminar on Management and Conservation of Biodiversity.",coeditorOneBiosketch:"Ricardo Jorge Quinto Canas is currently an Invited Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Sciences and Technology at the University of Algarve – Portugal, and a member of the Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve. His current research projects focus on Botany, Vegetation Science (Geobotany), Biogeography, Plant Ecology, and Biology Conservation, aiming to support Nature Conservation.",coeditorTwoBiosketch:"Ana Cano Ortiz's fundamental line of research is related to botanical bioindicators. She has worked in Spain, Italy, Portugal, and Central America. It presents more than one hundred works published in various national and international journals, as well as books and book chapters; and has presented a hundred papers to national and international congresses.",coeditorThreeBiosketch:"Carmelo Maria Musarella is a biologist, specialized in Plant Biology. He is a member of the permanent scientific committee of the International Seminar on “Biodiversity Conservation and Management” guested by several European universities. He has participated in several international and national congresses, seminars, and workshops and presented oral communications and posters.",coeditorFourBiosketch:null,coeditorFiveBiosketch:null,editors:[{id:"87846",title:"Dr.",name:"Eusebio",middleName:null,surname:"Cano Carmona",slug:"eusebio-cano-carmona",fullName:"Eusebio Cano Carmona",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/87846/images/system/87846.png",biography:"Eusebio Cano Carmona obtained a PhD in Sciences from the\nUniversity of Granada, Spain. He is Professor of Botany at the\nUniversity of Jaén, Spain. His focus is flora and vegetation and he\nhas conducted research in Spain, Italy, Portugal, Palestine, the\nCaribbean islands and Mexico. As a result of these investigations,\nDr. Cano Carmona and colleagues have directed 12 doctoral theses\nand more than 200 publications among articles, books and book\nchapters. He has participated in national and international congresses with about\n250 papers/communications. He has held a number of different academic positions,\nincluding Dean of the Faculty of Experimental Sciences at the University of Jaen,\nSpain and founder and director of the International Seminar on Management and\nConservation of Biodiversity, a position he has held for 13 years. He is also a member of the Spanish, Portuguese and Italian societies of Geobotany.",institutionString:"University of Jaén",position:null,outsideEditionCount:0,totalCites:0,totalAuthoredChapters:"5",totalChapterViews:"0",totalEditedBooks:"1",institution:{name:"University of Jaén",institutionURL:null,country:{name:"Spain"}}}],coeditorOne:{id:"216982",title:"Dr.",name:"Ricardo Quinto",middleName:null,surname:"Canas",slug:"ricardo-quinto-canas",fullName:"Ricardo Quinto Canas",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/216982/images/system/216982.JPG",biography:"Ricardo Quinto Canas, Phd in Analysis and Management of Ecosystems, is currently an Invited Assistant Professor in the Faculty\nof Sciences and Technology at the University of Algarve, Portugal, and member of the Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR),\nUniversity of Algarve. He is also the Head of Division of Environmental Impact Assessment - Algarve Regional Coordination\nand Development Commission (CCDR - Algarve). His current\nresearch projects focus on Botany, Vegetation Science (Geobotany), Biogeography,\nPlant Ecology and Biology Conservation, aiming to support Nature Conservation.\nDr. Quinto Canas has co-authored many cited journal publication, conference articles and book chapters in above-mentioned topics.",institutionString:"University of Algarve",position:null,outsideEditionCount:0,totalCites:0,totalAuthoredChapters:"3",totalChapterViews:"0",totalEditedBooks:"0",institution:null},coeditorTwo:{id:"203697",title:"Dr.",name:"Ana",middleName:null,surname:"Cano Ortiz",slug:"ana-cano-ortiz",fullName:"Ana Cano Ortiz",profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/203697/images/system/203697.png",biography:"Ana Cano Ortiz holds a PhD in Botany from the University of\nJaén, Spain. She has worked in private enterprise, in university\nand in secondary education. She is co-director of four doctoral\ntheses. 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Kadim Suaidi",authors:[null]},{id:"10787",title:"Single/Multi-User MIMO Differential Capacity",slug:"single-multi-user-mimo-differential-capacity",signatures:"Daniel Castanheira and Atilio Gameiro",authors:[null]},{id:"10784",title:"Low Dimensional MIMO Systems with Finite Sized Constellation Inputs",slug:"low-dimensional-mimo-systems-with-finite-sized-constellation-inputs",signatures:"Rizwan Ghaffar and Raymond Knopp",authors:[null]},{id:"10798",title:"Advanced Hybrid–ARQ Receivers for Broadband MIMO Communications",slug:"advanced-hybrid-arq-receivers-for-broadband-mimo-communications",signatures:"Tarik Ait-Idir, Houda Chafnaji, Samir Saoudi and Athanasios Vasilakos",authors:[null]},{id:"10786",title:"Cooperative ARQ: A Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer Perspective",slug:"cooperative-arq-a-medium-access-control-mac-layer-perspective",signatures:"Jesus Alonso-Zarate, Elli Kartsakli, Luis Alonso and Christos Verikoukis",authors:[null]},{id:"10789",title:"A Hybrid Feedback Mechanism to Exploit Multiuser Diversity in Wireless Networks",slug:"a-hybrid-feedback-mechanism-to-exploit-multiuser-diversity-in-wireless-networks",signatures:"Yahya S. Al-Harthi",authors:[null]},{id:"10773",title:"Opportunistic Access Schemes for Multiuser OFDM Wireless Networks",slug:"opportunistic-access-schemes-for-multiuser-ofdm-wireless-networks",signatures:"Cedric Gueguen and Sebastien Baey",authors:[null]},{id:"10765",title:"Bidirectional Cooperative Relaying",slug:"bidirectional-cooperative-relaying",signatures:"Prabhat Kumar Upadhyay and Shankar Prakriya",authors:[null]},{id:"10797",title:"A Novel Amplify-and-Forward Relay Channel Model for Mobile-to-Mobile Fading Channels under Line-of-Sight Conditions",slug:"a-novel-amplify-and-forward-relay-channel-model-for-mobile-to-mobile-fading-channels-under-line-of-s",signatures:"Batool Talha and Matthias Patzold",authors:[null]},{id:"10796",title:"Resource Management with Limited Capability of Fixed Relay Station in Multi-Hop Cellular Networks",slug:"resource-management-with-limited-capability-of-fixed-relay-station-in-multi-hop-cellular-networks",signatures:"Jemin Lee and Daesik Hong",authors:[null]},{id:"10774",title:"On Cross-Layer Routing in Wireless Multi-Hop Networks",slug:"on-cross-layer-routing-in-wireless-multi-hop-networks",signatures:"Golnaz Karbaschi, Anne Fladenmuller and Sebastien Baey",authors:[null]},{id:"10767",title:"Mobile WiMAX Performance Investigation",slug:"mobile-wimax-performance-investigation",signatures:"Alessandro Bazzi, Giacomo Leonardi, Gianni Pasolini and Oreste Andrisano",authors:[null]},{id:"10783",title:"Throughput-Enhanced Communication Approach for Subscriber Stations in IEEE 802.16 Point-to-Multipoint Networks",slug:"throughput-enhanced-communication-approach-for-subscriber-stations-in-ieee-802-16-point-to-multipoin",signatures:"Chung-Hsien Hsu and Kai-Ten Feng",authors:[null]},{id:"10770",title:"Holdoff Algorithms for IEEE 802.16 Mesh Mode in Multi-Hop Wireless Mesh Networks",slug:"holdoff-algorithms-for-ieee-802-16-mesh-mode-in-multi-hop-wireless-mesh-networks",signatures:"Bong Chan Kim and Hwang Soo Lee",authors:[null]},{id:"10769",title:"Call Admission Control Algorithms Based on Random Waypoint Mobility for IEEE802.16e Networks",slug:"call-admission-control-algorithms-based-on-random-waypoint-mobility-for-ieee802-16e-networks",signatures:"Khalil Ibrahimi, Rachid El-Azouzi, Thierry Peyre and El Houssine Bouyakhf",authors:[null]},{id:"10793",title:"Queueing-Model-Based Analysis for IEEE802.11 Wireless LANs with Non-Saturated Nodes",slug:"queueing-model-based-analysis-for-ieee802-11-wireless-lans-with-non-saturated-nodes",signatures:"Shigeo Shioda and Mayumi Komatsu",authors:[null]},{id:"10790",title:"Increasing the Time Connected to Already Deployed 802.11 Wireless Networks while Traveling by Subway",slug:"increasing-the-time-connected-to-already-deployed-802-11-wireless-networks-while-traveling-by-subway",signatures:"Jaeouk Ok, Pedro Morales, Masateru Minami and Hiroyuki Morikawa",authors:[null]},{id:"10782",title:"Asymmetric Carrier Sense in Heterogeneous Medical Networks Environment",slug:"asymmetric-carrier-sense-in-heterogeneous-medical-networks-environment",signatures:"Bin Zhen, Huan-Bang Li, Shinsuke Hara and Ryuji Kohno",authors:[null]},{id:"10792",title:"Multi-Agent Design for the Physical Layer of a Distributed Base Station Network",slug:"multi-agent-design-for-the-physical-layer-of-a-distributed-base-station-network",signatures:"Philippe Leroux and Sebastien Roy",authors:[null]},{id:"10777",title:"Inter-RAT Handover Between UMTS And WiMAX",slug:"inter-rat-handover-between-umts-and-wimax",signatures:"Bin Liu and Philippe Martins, Philippe Bertin and Abed Ellatif Samhat",authors:[null]},{id:"10775",title:"MHD-CAR: A Distributed Cross-Layer Solution for Augmenting Seamless Mobility Management Protocols",slug:"mhd-car-a-distributed-cross-layer-solution-for-augmenting-seamless-mobility-management-protocols",signatures:"Faqir Zarrar Yousaf, Christian Muller and Christian Wietfeld",authors:[null]},{id:"10781",title:"Mobility in IP Networks: from Link Layer to Application Layer Protocols and Architectures",slug:"mobility-in-ip-networks-from-link-layer-to-application-layer-protocols-and-architectures",signatures:"Thienne Johnson, Eleri Cardozo, Rodrigo Prado, Eduardo Zagari and Tomas Badan",authors:[null]},{id:"10776",title:"Positioning in Indoor Mobile Systems",slug:"positioning-in-indoor-mobile-systems",signatures:"Milos Borenovic and Aleksandar Neskovic",authors:[null]},{id:"10780",title:"Location in Ad Hoc Networks",slug:"location-in-ad-hoc-networks",signatures:"Israel Martin-Escalona, Marc Ciurana and Francisco Barcelo-Arroyo",authors:[null]},{id:"10768",title:"Location Tracking Schemes for Broadband Wireless Networks",slug:"location-tracking-schemes-for-broadband-wireless-networks",signatures:"Po-Hsuan Tseng and Kai-Ten Feng",authors:[null]},{id:"10794",title:"Wireless Multi-Hop Localization Games for Entertainment Computing",slug:"wireless-multi-hop-localization-games-for-entertainment-computing",signatures:"Tomoya Takenaka, Hiroshi Mineno and Tadanori Mizuno",authors:[null]},{id:"10778",title:"Measuring Network Security",slug:"measuring-network-security",signatures:"Emmanouil Serrelis and Nikolaos Alexandris",authors:[null]},{id:"10791",title:"A Testing Process for Interoperability and Conformance of Secure Web Services",slug:"a-testing-process-for-interoperability-and-conformance-of-secure-web-services",signatures:"Spyridon Papastergiou and Despina Polemi",authors:[null]}]}]},onlineFirst:{chapter:{type:"chapter",id:"64120",title:"Introductory Chapter: Gas Chromatography - The Most Versatile Analytical Technique",doi:"10.5772/intechopen.81693",slug:"introductory-chapter-gas-chromatography-the-most-versatile-analytical-technique",body:'\nGas chromatography (GC) is a type of chromatography. According to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) recommendation, gas chromatography is defined as a separation technique in which the mobile phase is a gas. Gas chromatography is always carried out in a column [1]. GC is a separation and detection method for sample mixtures, whose components can be volatilized without thermal decomposition. The analytical procedure is used for the determination of organic substances; usually molecules have a molecular mass of less than 500 g/mol and a boiling point of less than 400°C. GC is a technique used to separate mixtures of gaseous chemical compounds based on differences in the compounds’ relative affinities for a solid (gas-solid chromatography) or liquid (gas-liquid chromatography) stationary phase held within a column.
\nGas-liquid partition chromatography was invented by Martin and James from the National Institute for Medical Research, London, in 1952. The invention of this technique is generally attributed to the inventors in their 1952 published paper in the
Developed by Phillips and coworker at the Southern Illinois University (USA) in the early 1990s, comprehensive multidimensional GC (GC × GC or 2D GC) is a powerful technique for samples containing very large numbers of compounds of interest and also for samples which exhibit high chemical complexity. This technique can be used to separate very complex mixtures, such as those found in the petrochemical, environmental, and food and fragrance industries [4, 5, 6]. The method uses two capillary columns, typically of very different polarities, installed in series with a modulator in between. The first column is in principle nonpolar or low polar, and the second column is polar. The length of the first column might typically be 20–30 m, the inner diameter 0.25 mm, and the film thickness 0.25 μm. The second column is typically shorter (1–2 m), the inner diameter is narrower (0.1 mm), and the stationary phase is thinner (0.1 μm), to allow for faster separations. The entire assembly is located inside the GC oven [6]. The modulator collects effluent from the first column for a fraction of the time equal to peak width. The modulator focuses the material collected from each cut into a very narrow band through flow compression. It introduces the bands sequentially onto the second column, resulting in additional separation for each band injected onto the second column [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]. The most common data transformation is the construction of a 2D representation, in which one axis represents the separation on the first column (first dimension), and the other axis represents the secondary column separation (second dimension). Therefore, the look of GC × GC chromatograms appears completely different from conventional GC chromatogram showing a two-dimensional plane where analyte spots are scattered about [7, 8]. A contour plot, using elevation lines or color coding, represents the signal intensity. 2D GC data are primarily used for qualitative analysis; however, quantitative multidimensional GC analysis is also possible [9]. Figure 1 shows an exemplary 2D GC plot of a refinery stream boiling at diesel temperature range [10].
\n2D GC plot of a refinery stream boiling at diesel temperature range. The scale indicates the relative signal intensity. Figure reprinted from Ref. [
In this book, state of the art of gas chromatography and new developments and applications are presented. New sample preparation techniques, derivatization methods, and hyphenation with mass spectrometry are described.
\nBook - collection of Works distributed in a book format, whose selection, coordination, preparation, and arrangement has been performed and published by IntechOpen, and in which the Work is included in its entirety in an unmodified form along with one or more other contributions, each constituting separate and independent sections, but together assembled into a collective whole.
",metaTitle:"Attribution Policy",metaDescription:"DEFINITION OF TERMS",metaKeywords:null,canonicalURL:"/page/attribution-policy",contentRaw:'[{"type":"htmlEditorComponent","content":"Work - a book Chapter (as well as Conference Papers), including any and all content, graphics, images and/or other materials forming part of, or accompanying, the Chapter/Conference Paper.
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\\n\\nEvery single Work that is used has to be attributed in the way as described. If you are unsure about proper attribution, please contact Us at permissions@intechopen.com.
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\n\nAttribution – appropriate credit for the used Work or book.
\n\nCreative Commons licenses – enable licensors to retain copyright while allowing others to use their Works in an appropriate way.
\n\nWith the purpose of protecting Authors' copyright and the transparent reuse of OA (Open Access) content, IntechOpen has developed Rules of Attribution of Works licensed under Creative Commons licenses.
\n\nIn case you reuse or republish any of the Works licensed under CC licenses, you must abide by the guidelines outlined below:
\n\nAll rights to Books and other compilations published on the IntechOpen platform and in print are reserved by IntechOpen. The Copyright to Books and other compilations is subject to a separate Copyright from any that exists in the included Works.
\n\nA Book in its entirety or a significant part of a Book cannot be translated freely without specific written consent by the publisher. Further information can be obtained at permissions@intechopen.com.
\n\nIn instances where permission is obtained from the publisher for reusing or republishing the Book, or significant parts of the Book, all of the following conditions apply:
\n\nEvery single Work that is used has to be attributed in the way described. If you are unsure about proper attribution, please write to permissions@intechopen.com.
\n\nIndividual Works originally published in IntechOpen books are licensed under Creative Commons licenses and can be freely used under terms of the respective CC license, if properly attributed. In order to properly attribute the Work you must respect all the conditions outlined below:
\n\nEvery single Work that is used has to be attributed in the way as described. If you are unsure about proper attribution, please contact Us at permissions@intechopen.com.
\n\nIn the event that you use more than one of IntechOpen's Works published in one or more books (but not a significant part of the book that is under separate Copyright), each of these have to be properly attributed in the way described.
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\n\nParts of the Rules of Attribution are based on Work Attributing Creative Commons Materials published by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Creative Industries and Innovation, in partnership with Creative Commons Australia, which can be found at creativecommons.org.au licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia license, and Best practices for attribution published by Creative Commons, which can be found at wiki.creativecommons.org under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.
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\n'}]},successStories:{items:[]},authorsAndEditors:{filterParams:{sort:"featured,name"},profiles:[{id:"6700",title:"Dr.",name:"Abbass A.",middleName:null,surname:"Hashim",slug:"abbass-a.-hashim",fullName:"Abbass A. Hashim",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/6700/images/1864_n.jpg",biography:"Currently I am carrying out research in several areas of interest, mainly covering work on chemical and bio-sensors, semiconductor thin film device fabrication and characterisation.\nAt the moment I have very strong interest in radiation environmental pollution and bacteriology treatment. The teams of researchers are working very hard to bring novel results in this field. I am also a member of the team in charge for the supervision of Ph.D. students in the fields of development of silicon based planar waveguide sensor devices, study of inelastic electron tunnelling in planar tunnelling nanostructures for sensing applications and development of organotellurium(IV) compounds for semiconductor applications. I am a specialist in data analysis techniques and nanosurface structure. I have served as the editor for many books, been a member of the editorial board in science journals, have published many papers and hold many patents.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Sheffield Hallam University",country:{name:"United Kingdom"}}},{id:"54525",title:"Prof.",name:"Abdul Latif",middleName:null,surname:"Ahmad",slug:"abdul-latif-ahmad",fullName:"Abdul Latif Ahmad",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:null},{id:"20567",title:"Prof.",name:"Ado",middleName:null,surname:"Jorio",slug:"ado-jorio",fullName:"Ado Jorio",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais",country:{name:"Brazil"}}},{id:"47940",title:"Dr.",name:"Alberto",middleName:null,surname:"Mantovani",slug:"alberto-mantovani",fullName:"Alberto Mantovani",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:null},{id:"12392",title:"Mr.",name:"Alex",middleName:null,surname:"Lazinica",slug:"alex-lazinica",fullName:"Alex Lazinica",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/12392/images/7282_n.png",biography:"Alex Lazinica is the founder and CEO of IntechOpen. After obtaining a Master's degree in Mechanical Engineering, he continued his PhD studies in Robotics at the Vienna University of Technology. Here he worked as a robotic researcher with the university's Intelligent Manufacturing Systems Group as well as a guest researcher at various European universities, including the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL). During this time he published more than 20 scientific papers, gave presentations, served as a reviewer for major robotic journals and conferences and most importantly he co-founded and built the International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems- world's first Open Access journal in the field of robotics. Starting this journal was a pivotal point in his career, since it was a pathway to founding IntechOpen - Open Access publisher focused on addressing academic researchers needs. Alex is a personification of IntechOpen key values being trusted, open and entrepreneurial. Today his focus is on defining the growth and development strategy for the company.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"TU Wien",country:{name:"Austria"}}},{id:"19816",title:"Prof.",name:"Alexander",middleName:null,surname:"Kokorin",slug:"alexander-kokorin",fullName:"Alexander Kokorin",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/19816/images/1607_n.jpg",biography:"Alexander I. Kokorin: born: 1947, Moscow; DSc., PhD; Principal Research Fellow (Research Professor) of Department of Kinetics and Catalysis, N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.\r\nArea of research interests: physical chemistry of complex-organized molecular and nanosized systems, including polymer-metal complexes; the surface of doped oxide semiconductors. He is an expert in structural, absorptive, catalytic and photocatalytic properties, in structural organization and dynamic features of ionic liquids, in magnetic interactions between paramagnetic centers. The author or co-author of 3 books, over 200 articles and reviews in scientific journals and books. He is an actual member of the International EPR/ESR Society, European Society on Quantum Solar Energy Conversion, Moscow House of Scientists, of the Board of Moscow Physical Society.",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics",country:{name:"Russia"}}},{id:"62389",title:"PhD.",name:"Ali Demir",middleName:null,surname:"Sezer",slug:"ali-demir-sezer",fullName:"Ali Demir Sezer",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/62389/images/3413_n.jpg",biography:"Dr. Ali Demir Sezer has a Ph.D. from Pharmaceutical Biotechnology at the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Marmara (Turkey). He is the member of many Pharmaceutical Associations and acts as a reviewer of scientific journals and European projects under different research areas such as: drug delivery systems, nanotechnology and pharmaceutical biotechnology. Dr. Sezer is the author of many scientific publications in peer-reviewed journals and poster communications. Focus of his research activity is drug delivery, physico-chemical characterization and biological evaluation of biopolymers micro and nanoparticles as modified drug delivery system, and colloidal drug carriers (liposomes, nanoparticles etc.).",institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Marmara University",country:{name:"Turkey"}}},{id:"61051",title:"Prof.",name:"Andrea",middleName:null,surname:"Natale",slug:"andrea-natale",fullName:"Andrea Natale",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:null},{id:"100762",title:"Prof.",name:"Andrea",middleName:null,surname:"Natale",slug:"andrea-natale",fullName:"Andrea Natale",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"St David's Medical Center",country:{name:"United States of America"}}},{id:"107416",title:"Dr.",name:"Andrea",middleName:null,surname:"Natale",slug:"andrea-natale",fullName:"Andrea Natale",position:null,profilePictureURL:"//cdnintech.com/web/frontend/www/assets/author.svg",biography:null,institutionString:null,institution:{name:"Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia",country:{name:"United States of America"}}},{id:"64434",title:"Dr.",name:"Angkoon",middleName:null,surname:"Phinyomark",slug:"angkoon-phinyomark",fullName:"Angkoon Phinyomark",position:null,profilePictureURL:"https://mts.intechopen.com/storage/users/64434/images/2619_n.jpg",biography:"My name is Angkoon Phinyomark. I received a B.Eng. degree in Computer Engineering with First Class Honors in 2008 from Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand, where I received a Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering. My research interests are primarily in the area of biomedical signal processing and classification notably EMG (electromyography signal), EOG (electrooculography signal), and EEG (electroencephalography signal), image analysis notably breast cancer analysis and optical coherence tomography, and rehabilitation engineering. I became a student member of IEEE in 2008. During October 2011-March 2012, I had worked at School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, United Kingdom. In addition, during a B.Eng. I had been a visiting research student at Faculty of Computer Science, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain for three months.\n\nI have published over 40 papers during 5 years in refereed journals, books, and conference proceedings in the areas of electro-physiological signals processing and classification, notably EMG and EOG signals, fractal analysis, wavelet analysis, texture analysis, feature extraction and machine learning algorithms, and assistive and rehabilitative devices. I have several computer programming language certificates, i.e. Sun Certified Programmer for the Java 2 Platform 1.4 (SCJP), Microsoft Certified Professional Developer, Web Developer (MCPD), Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist, .NET Framework 2.0 Web (MCTS). 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