Chapters authored
Interactions between Bisphenol S or Dibutyl Phthalates and Reproductive System
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) adversely affect animals and human beings. This attracted the researchers in the previous decade to explore the possible association of these chemicals. However, among various studies, very limited data is available to explain the link between EDCs and reproductive tract outcome. One reason is that many potential EDCs and their probable mechanisms and underlying causes have not been studied so far. Bisphenol S (BPS) is used as an alternative of bisphenol A, after the worse effects of this bisphenol. Similarly, dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is the least studied of its group. Dibutyl phthalate is widely used in polyvinyl plastic products. The current chapter aims to explore the possibly association of these two chemicals with animals and humans.
Part of the book: Endocrine Disruptors
MicroRNAs and Male Infertility
Spermatozoan production is tightly controlled by the multistep process of spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis. Physiological and molecular disruption in spermatogenesis can lead to various reproductive disorders including male infertility. Male infertility is associated with various etiologies, but mechanism is not determined yet. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are almost 22 nucleotides long, non-protein coding RNA that play an essential role in posttranscriptional regulations in various biological processes including spermatogenesis. The current review is aimed to summarize the recent literature on the role of miRNAs in male infertility and spermatogenesis and their potential in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of the disease. miRNAs have shown tremendous potential to be used as diagnostic and prognostic marker and therapeutic target in diseases related to male infertility. Experimental evidence reveals that aberrant expression of miRNAs affects different cell types and different stages of spermatogenesis, which ultimately leads to male infertility. To exploit the full potential of miRNAs, characterization of unidentified miRNAs is required to understand the miRNA-mediated regulatory mechanism related to male infertility.
Part of the book: Recent Advances in Noncoding RNAs