A spectrum of neurological complications can result from acute and chronic liver diseases and is termed hepatic encephalopathy. The precise pathogenic mechanisms by which hepatic encephalopathy occurs is unclear. However, it is commonly accepted that the development of hepatic encephalopathy shares a long-standing relationship with neuroinflammation. This chapter will outline the evidence for a role of neuroinflammation and proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy. Furthermore, we will identify the possible circulating factors, released from the liver after damage, that may contribute to the neurological complications of hepatic encephalopathy, including neuroinflammation. Lastly, we discuss the current and experimental treatment options aimed at reducing neuroinflammation for the management of hepatic encephalopathy.
Part of the book: Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation