Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most devastating traumas for an individual because the complete traumatic spinal cord injury leads to paraplegia or tetraplegia. The mechanical injuries directly cause axonal destruction in fiber tracts, destruction of the neurons, and of the glial cells, and their destruction releases substances whose presence, quantity, and dynamics can be lesional biomarkers. The reactions of partially injured cells simultaneously start and the occurring substances and their quantity may be reaction biomarkers. The lesional biomarkers appear immediately post injury and after several hours there are both lesional biomarkers and reaction biomarkers.
Part of the book: Role of Biomarkers in Medicine