Francisco Guevara-Hernández

By Nils Max McCune, Francisco Guevara-Hernández, Jose Nahed-Toral, Paula Mendoza-Nazar, Jesus Ovando-Cruz, Benigno Ruiz-Sesma and Leopoldo Medina-Sanson

Part of the book: Sustainable Development

By Francisco Guevara-Hernández, Luis Alfredo Rodríguez-Larramendi, Fredy Delgado-Ruiz, Julio Díaz-José, René Pinto-Ruiz, Leopoldo Medina-Sanson, Alejandro Ley-de Coss, Rady Alejandra Campos- Saldaña, Luis Reyes-Muro, Miguel Angel Salas-Marina, José Apolonio Venegas-Venegas, Martín de Jesús Ocaña-Grajales, Carlos Ernesto Aguilar-Jiménez, Jesús Ovando-Cruz, Deb Raj Aryal and Vidal Hernández-García

The use of fire within tropical forests to settle agriculture and livestock systems has long been causing a bottle-neck for governmental and environmental development agencies, especially in natural forested areas with local population. An international strategy followed since many years ago is the decree of special territories with vast forests as natural protected areas (NPA). In Mexico, environmental laws can run contrary to customs and practices of natural resource-dependent communities which still use fire to farm their lands as unique livelihood activity. The chapter examines two conflicting frameworks of resource management (forest and soil) and governance in a forest village’s efforts to comply with federal policies against fires in a NPA of Chiapas, Mexico. Forest and soil management is a key locus in California village, where governance structures come into conflict with hierarchical State power. Participatory workshops and semi-structured interviews were primary research instruments for data collection and discovery of community front and backstage. Ethnography and discourse analysis were used as main tools for the analysis of information. While the State leads the conservation efforts and limits cultural activities and local actions through coercive laws, the land use and resource-dependent communities defend their access rights, and they also determine how to individual or collectively manage fires in daily activities. Finding collective solutions with horizontal-dialogue strategies represent an important issue and a pending task for the development and preservation agencies focused on forested areas. Backstage dialogue is a tool for village self-preservation when livelihood strategies are at odds with protectionist conservation efforts.

Part of the book: Forest Fire

By Francisco Guevara-Hernández, Luis Alfredo Rodríguez-Larramendi, Luis Reyes-Muro, José Nahed-Toral, Alejandro Ley-de Coss, René Pinto-Ruiz, Leopoldo Medina-Sanson, Julio Díaz-José, Fredy Delgado-Ruiz, Deb Raj Aryal, José Apolonio Venegas-Venegas, Jesús Ovando-Cruz, María de los Ángeles Rosales-Esquinca, Carlos Ernesto Aguilar-Jiménez, Miguel Angel Salas-Marina, Francisco Javier Medina-Jonapá, Adalberto Hernández-Lopez and Vidal Hernández-García

The Frailesca region (Chiapas, Mexico) presents a lack of forest studies and its environmental contribution. This chapter displays a first case study with preliminary research information regarding the identification of main forest trees and rural villages with best potential for biomass production and carbon storage management. Twenty two plots of 500 m2 were selected in 11 villages of the region, in order to identify the main and dominant forest trees species and then to estimate the biomass production and carbon storage in pine (Pinus maximinoi), oak (Quercus robur), holm oak (Quercus rugosa) and Mexican weeping pine (Pinus patula) species. This study shows that the largest accumulation of both biomass and carbon occurred in the pine forests and the lowest in the oak forests. Pine trees showed carbon storage of 516.75 Mg ha−1, followed by holm oaks, with 297.21 Mg ha−1; the species with the lowest value was oak, with 75.02 Mg ha−1. The forests of the 24 de Febrero villages had the highest potential for carbon storage. Deep studies are being conducted in relation to the aboveground biomass, carbon contents in trees stem, branches and leaves, and the relation to biomass dynamics and carbon stocks and other ecological aspects of village-forests.

Part of the book: New Perspectives in Forest Science