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# Determinantal Representations of the Core Inverse and Its Generalizations

By Ivan I. Kyrchei

Submitted: May 9th 2019Reviewed: August 26th 2019Published: November 27th 2019

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.89341

## Abstract

Generalized inverse matrices are important objects in matrix theory. In particular, they are useful tools in solving matrix equations. The most famous generalized inverses are the Moore-Penrose inverse and the Drazin inverse. Recently, it was introduced new generalized inverse matrix, namely the core inverse, which was late extended to the core-EP inverse, the BT, DMP, and CMP inverses. In contrast to the inverse matrix that has a definitely determinantal representation in terms of cofactors, even for basic generalized inverses, there exist different determinantal representations as a result of the search of their more applicable explicit expressions. In this chapter, we give new and exclusive determinantal representations of the core inverse and its generalizations by using determinantal representations of the Moore-Penrose and Drazin inverses previously obtained by the author.

### Keywords

• Moore-Penrose inverse
• Drazin inverse
• core inverse
• core-EP inverse
• 2000 AMS subject classifications: 15A15
• 16W10

## 1. Introduction

In the whole chapter, the notations Rand Care reserved for fields of the real and complex numbers, respectively. Cm×nstands for the set of all m×nmatrices over C. Crm×ndetermines its subset of matrices with a rank r. For ACm×n, the symbols Aand rkAspecify the conjugate transpose and the rank of A, respectively, Aor detAstands for its determinant. A matrix ACn×nis Hermitian if A=A.

Ameans the Moore-Penrose inverse of ACn×m, i.e., the exclusive matrix Xsatisfying the following four equations:

AXA=AE1
XAX=XE2
AX=AXE3
XA=XAE4

For ACn×nwith index IndA=k, i.e., the smallest positive number such that rkAk+1=rkAk, the Drazin inverse of A, denoted by Ad, is called the unique matrix Xthat satisfies Eq. (2) and the following equations,

AX=XA;E5
XAk+1=AkE6
Ak+1X=Ak.E7

In particular, if IndA=1, then the matrix Xis called the group inverse, and it is denoted by X=A#. If IndA=0, then Ais nonsingular and Ad=A=A1.

It is evident that if the condition (5) is fulfilled, then (6) and (7) are equivalent. We put both these conditions because they will be used below independently of each other and without the obligatory fulfillment of (5).

A matrix Asatisfying the conditions i,j,is called an ij-inverse of A, and is denoted by Aij. The set of matrices Aijis denoted Aij. In particular, A1is called the inner inverse, A2is called the outer inverse, A12is called the reflexive inverse, A1,2,3,4is the Moore-Penrose inverse, etc.

For an arbitrary matrix ACm×n, we denote by

• NA=xHn×1:Ax=0, the kernel (or the null space) of A;

• CA=yHm×1:y=AxxHn×1,the column space (or the range space) of A; and

• RA=yH1×n:y=xAxH1×m, the row space of A.

PAAAand QAAAare the orthogonal projectors onto the range of Aand the range of A, respectively.

The core inverse was introduced by Baksalary and Trenkler in [1]. Later, it was investigated by S. Malik in [2] and S.Z. Xu et al. in [3], among others.

Definition 1.1. [1] A matrix XCn×nis called the core inverse of ACn×nif it satisfies the conditions

AX=PA,andCX=CA.

When such matrix Xexists, it is denoted as A#.

In 2014, the core inverse was extended to the core-EP inverse defined by K. Manjunatha Prasad and K.S. Mohana [4]. Other generalizations of the core inverse were recently introduced for n×ncomplex matrices, namely BT inverses [5], DMP inverses [2], CMP inverses [6], etc. The characterizations, computing methods, and some applications of the core inverse and its generalizations were recently investigated in complex matrices and rings (see, e.g., [7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]).

In contrast to the inverse matrix that has a definitely determinantal representation in terms of cofactors, for generalized inverse matrices, there exist different determinantal representations as a result of the search of their more applicable explicit expressions (see, e.g. [19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25]). In this chapter, we get new determinantal representations of the core inverse and its generalizations using recently obtained by the author determinantal representations of the Moore-Penrose inverse and the Drazin inverse over the quaternion skew field, and over the field of complex numbers as a special case [26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34]. Note that a determinantal representation of the core-EP generalized inverse in complex matrices has been derived in [4], based on the determinantal representation of an reflexive inverse obtained in [19, 20].

The chapter is organized as follows: in Section 2, we start with preliminary introduction of determinantal representations of the Moore-Penrose inverse and the Drazin inverse. In Section 3, we give determinantal representations of the core inverse and its generalizations, namely the right and left core inverses are established in Section 3.1, the core-EP inverses in Section 3.2, the core DMP inverse and its dual in Section 3.3, and finally the CMP inverse in Section 3.4. A numerical example to illustrate the main results is considered in Section 4. Finally, in Section 5, the conclusions are drawn.

## 2. Preliminaries

Let αα1αk1mand ββ1βk1nbe subsets with 1kminmn. By Aβα, we denote a submatrix of AHm×nwith rows and columns indexed by αand β, respectively. Then, Aααis a principal submatrix of Awith rows and columns indexed by α, and Aααis the corresponding principal minor of the determinant A. Suppose that

Lk,nα:α=α1αk1α1<<αkn

stands for the collection of strictly increasing sequences of 1knintegers chosen from 1n. For fixed iαand jβ, put Ir,miα:αLr,miαand Jr,njβ:βLr,njβ.

The jth columns and the ith rows of Aand Adenote a.jand a.jand ai.and ai., respectively. By Ai.band A.jc, we denote the matrices obtained from Aby replacing its ith row with the row b, and its jth column with the column c.

Theorem 2.1. [28] IfAHrm×n, then the Moore-Penrose inverseA=aijCn×mpossesses the determinantal representations

aij=βJr,niAA.ia.jβββJr,nAAββ=E8
=αIr,mjAAj.ai.αααIr,mAAαα.E9

Remark 2.2. For an arbitrary full-rank matrix ACrm×n, a row vector bH1×m, and a column-vector cHn×1, we put, respectively,

AAi.b=αIm,miAAi.bαα,i=1,,m,AA=αIm,mAAαα,whenr=m;AA.jc=βJn,njAA.jcββ,j=1,,n,AA=βJn,nAAββ,whenr=n.

Corollary 2.3. [21] LetACrm×n. Then, the following determinantal representations can be obtained

1. for the projector QA=qijn×n,

qij=βJr,niAA.iȧ.jβββJr,nAAββ=αIr,njAAj.ȧi.αααIr,nAAαα,E10

where ȧ.jis the jth column and ȧi.is the ith row of AA; and

1. for the projector PA=pijm×m,

pij=αIr,mjAAj.a¨i.αααIr,mAAαα=βJr,miAA.ia¨.jβββJr,mAAββ,E11

where a¨i.is the ith row and a¨.jis the jth column of AA.

The following lemma gives determinantal representations of the Drazin inverse in complex matrices.

Lemma 2.4. [21] LetACn×nwithIndA=kandrkAk+1=rkAk=r. Then, the determinantal representations of the Drazin inverseAd=aijdCn×nare

aijd=βJr,niAk+1.ia.jkβββJr,nAk+1ββ=E12
=αIr,njAk+1j.ai.kαααIr,nAk+1αα,E13

where ai.kis the ith row and a.jkis the jth column of Ak.

Corollary 2.5. [21] LetACn×nwithIndA=1andrkA2=rkA=r. Then, the determinantal representations of the group inverseA#=aij#Cn×nare

aij#=βJr,niA2.ia.jβββJr,nA2ββ=αIr,njA2j.ai.αααIr,nA2αα.E14

## 3. Determinantal representations of the core inverse and its generalizations

### 3.1 Determinantal representations of the core inverses

Together with the core inverse in [35], the dual core inverse was to be introduced. Since the both these core inverses are equipollent and they are different only in the position relative to the inducting matrix A, we propose called them as the right and left core inverses regarding to their positions. So, from [1], we have the following definition that is equivalent to Definition 1.1.

Definition 3.1. A matrix XCn×nis said to be the right core inverse of ACn×nif it satisfies the conditions

AX=PA,andCX=CA.

When such matrix Xexists, it is denoted as A#.

The following definition of the left core inverse can be given that is equivalent to the introduced dual core inverse [35].

Definition 3.2 A matrix XCn×nis said to be the left core inverse of ACn×nif it satisfies the conditions

XA=QA,andRX=RA.E15

When such matrix Xexists, it is denoted as A#.

Remark 3.3. In [35], the conditions of the dual core inverse are given as follows:

A#A=PA,andCA#CA.

Since PA=AA=AA=AA=QA, and RA=CA, then these conditions and (15) are analogous.

Due to [1], we introduce the following sets of quaternion matrices

CnCM=ACn×n:rkA2=rkA,CnEP=ACn×n:AA=AA=CA=CA.

The matrices from CnCMare called group matrices or core matrices. If ACnEP,then clearly A=A#. It is known that the core inverses of ACn×nexist if and only if ACnCMor IndA=1. Moreover, if Ais nonsingular, IndA=0, then its core inverses are the usual inverse. Due to [1], we have the following representations of the right and left core inverses.

Lemma 3.4. [1] LetACnCM. Then,

A#=A#AA,E16
A#=AAA#E17

Remark 3.5. In Theorems 3.6 and 3.7, we will suppose that ACnCMbut ACnEP. Because, if ACnCMand ACnEP(in particular, Ais Hermitian), then from Lemma 3.4 and the definitions of the Moore-Penrose and group inverses, it follows that A#=A#=A#=A.

Theorem 3.6.LetACnCMandrkA2=rkA=s. Then, its right core inverse has the following determinantal representations

aij#,r=αIs,njAAj.ui.1ααβJs,nA2ββαIs,nAAαα=E18
=βJs,niA2.iu.j2βββJs,nA2ββαIs,nAAαα,E19

where

ui.1=βJs,niA2.ia˜.fββC1×n,f=1,,nu.j2=αIs,njAAj.a˜l.ααCn×1,l=1,,n.

are the row and column vectors, respectively. Here a˜.fand a˜l.are the fth column and lth row of A˜A2A.

Proof. Taking into account (16), we have for #A,

aij#,r=l=1nf=1nail#alfafj.E20

By substituting (14) and (15) in (20), we obtain

aij#,r=l=1nf=1nβJs,niA2.ia.fββaflβJs,nA2ββαIs,njAAj.al.αααIs,nAAαα=f=1nl=1nβJs,njA2.je.fββa˜flαIs,njAAj.el.ααβJs,nA2ββαIs,nAAαα,

where e.land el.are the unit column and row vectors, respectively, such that all their components are 0, except the lth components which are 1; a˜lfis the (lf)th element of the matrix A˜A2A.

Let

uil1f=1nβJs,niA2.ie.fββa˜fl=βJs,niA2.ia˜.lββ,i,l=1,,n.

Construct the matrix U1=uil1Hn×n. It follows that

luil1αIs,njAAj.el.αα=αIs,njAAj.ui.1αα,

where ui.1is the ith row of U1. So, we get (18). If we first consider

uif2la˜flαIs,njAAj.el.αα=αIs,njAAj.a˜f.αα,f,j=1,,n.

and construct the matrix U2=uif2Hn×n, then from

f=1nβJs,niA2.ie.fββuif2=βJs,niA2.iu.f2ββ,

it follows (19).□

Taking into account (17), the following theorem on the determinantal representation of the left core inverse can be proved similarly.

Theorem 3.7.LetACnCMandrkA2=rkA=s. Then for its left core inverse#A=aij#,l, we have

aij#,l=αIs,njA2j.vi.1ααβJs,nAAββαIs,nA2αα=βJs,niAA.iv.j2βββJs,nAAββαIs,nA2αα,

where

vi.1=βJs,niAA.ia¯.fββC1×n,f=1,,n
v.j2=αIs,njA2j.a¯l.ααCn×1,l=1,,n.

Here a¯.fand a¯l.are the fth column and lth row of A¯AA2.

### 3.2 Determinantal representations of the core-EP inverses

Similar as in [4], we introduce two core-EP inverses.

Definition 3.8. A matrix XCn×nis said to be the right core-EP inverse of ACn×nif it satisfies the conditions

It is denoted as A.

Definition 3.9. A matrix XCn×nis said to be the left core-EP inverse of ACn×nif it satisfies the conditions

It is denoted as A.

Remark 3.10. Since CAd=RAd, then the left core inverse Aof ACn×nis similar to the core inverse introduced in [4], and the dual core-EP inverse introduced in [35].

Due to [4], we have the following representations the core-EP inverses of ACn×n,

A=A2,3,6aandCACAk,A=A2,4,6bandRARAk.

Thanks to [35], the following representations of the core-EP inverses will be used for their determinantal representations.

Lemma 3.11.LetACn×nandIndA=k. Then

A=AkAk+1,E21
A=Ak+1Ak.E22

Moreover, if IndA=1, then we have the following representations of the right and left core inverses

A#=AA2,E23
A#=A2A.E24

Theorem 3.12.SupposeACn×n,IndA=k,rkAk=s, and there existAandA. ThenA=aij,randA=aij,lpossess the determinantal representations, respectively,

aij,r=αIs,njAk+1Ak+1j.âi.αααIs,nAk+1Ak+1αα,E25
aij,l=βJs,niAk+1Ak+1.iaˇ.jβββJs,nAk+1Ak+1ββ,E26

where âi.is the ith row of Â=AkAk+1and aˇ.jis the jth column of Aˇ=Ak+1Ak.

Proof. Consider Ak+1=aijk+1and Ak=aijk. By (21),

aij,r=t=1naitkatjk+1.

Taking into account (9) for the determinantal representation of Ak+1, we get

aij,r=t=1naitkαIs,njAk+1Ak+1j.at.k+1αααIr,mAk+1Ak+1αα,

where at.k+1is the tth row of Ak+1. Since t=1naitkat.k+1=âi., then it follows (25).

The determinantal representation (26) can be obtained similarly by integrating (8) for the determinantal representation of Ak+1in (22).□

Taking into account the representations (23)-(24), we obtain the determinantal representations of the right and left core inverses that have more simpler expressions than they are obtained in Theorems 3.6 and 3.7.

Corollary 3.13.LetACsn×n,IndA=1, and there existA#andA#. ThenA#=aij#,randA#=aij#,lcan be expressed as follows

aij#,r=αIs,njA2A2j.âi.αααIs,nA2A2αα,aij#,l=βJs,niA2A2.iaˇ.jβββJs,nA2A2ββ,

where âi.is the ith row of Â=AA2and aˇ.jis the jth column of Aˇ=A2A.

### 3.3 Determinantal representations of the DMP and MPD inverses

The concept of the DMP inverse in complex matrices was introduced in [2] by S. Malik and N. Thome.

Definition 3.14. [2] Suppose ACn×nand IndA=k. A matrix XCn×nis said to be the DMP inverse of Aif it satisfies the conditions

Due to [2], if an arbitrary matrix satisfies the system of Eq. (27), then it is unique and has the following representation

Theorem 3.15.LetACsn×n,IndA=k, andrkAk=s1. Then, its DMP inverseAd,=aijd,has the following determinantal representations.

aijd,=αIs,njAAj.ui.1ααβJs1,nAk+1ββαIs,nAAαα=E29
=βJs1,niAk+1.iu.j2βββJs1,nAk+1βββJs,nAAββ,E30

where

ui.1=βJs1,niAk+1.ia˜.fββC1×n,f=1,,n,u.j2=αIs,njAAj.a˜l.ααCn×1,l=1,,n.

Here, a˜.fand âl.are the fth column and the lth row of A˜Ak+1A.

Proof. Taking into account (28) for Ad,, we get

aijd,=l=1nf=1naildalfafj.E31

By substituting (12) and (9) for the determinantal representations of Adand Ain (31), we get

aijd,=l=1nf=1nβJs1,niAk+1.ia.lkβββJs1,nAk+1ββalfαIs,njAAj.af.αααIs,nAAαα=l=1nf=1nβJs1,niAk+1.ie.lβββJs1,nAk+1ββa˜lfαIs,nj(AAj.ef.αααIs,nAAαα,E32

where e.land el.are the lth unit column and row vectors, and a˜lfis the lfth element of the matrix A˜=Ak+1A. If we put

uif1l=1nβJs1,niAk+1.ie.lββa˜lf=βJs1,niAk+1.ia˜.fββ,

as the fth component of the row vector ui.1=ui11uin1, then from

f=1nuif1αIs,njAAj.ef.αα=αIs,njAAj.ui.1αα,

it follows (29). If we initially obtain

ulj2f=1na˜lfαIs,njAAj.ef.αα=αIs,njAAj.a˜l.αα,

as the lth component of the column vector u.j2=u1j2unj2, then from

l=1nβJs1,niAk+1.ie.lββulj2=βJs1,niAk+1.iu.j2ββ,

it follows (30).□

The name of the DMP inverse is in accordance with the order of using the Drazin inverse (D) and the Moore-Penrose (MP) inverse. In that connection, it would be logical to consider the following definition.

Definition 3.16. Suppose ACn×nand IndA=k. A matrix XCn×nis said to be the MPD inverse of Aif it satisfies the conditions

It is denoted as A,d.

The matrix A,dis unique, and it can be represented as

Theorem 3.17.LetACsn×n,IndA=k, andrkAk=s1. Then, its MPD inverseA,d=aij,dhas the following determinantal representations

aij,d=βJs,niAA.iv.j1βββJs,nAAβββIs1,nAk+1αα=αIs1,njAk+1j.vi.2αααIs1,nAAββαIs,nAk+1αα,

where

v.j1=αIs1,njAk+1j.âl.ααCn×1,l=1,,nvi.2=βJs,niAA.iâ.fββC1×n,l=1,,n.

Here, âl.and â.fare the lth row and the fth column of ÂAAk+1.

Proof. The proof is similar to the proof of Theorem 3.15.□

### 3.4 Determinantal representations of the CMP inverse

Definition 3.18. [6] Suppose ACn×nhas the core-nilpotent decomposition A=A1+A2, where IndA1=IndA, A2is nilpotent, and A1A2=A2A1=0. The CMP inverse of Ais called the matrix Ac,AA1A.

Lemma 3.19. [6] LetACn×n. The matrixX=Ac,is the unique matrix that satisfies the following system of equations:

XAX=X,AXA=A1,AX=A1A,andXA=AA1.

Moreover,

Taking into account (34), it follows the next theorem about determinantal representations of the quaternion CMP inverse.

Theorem 3.20.LetACsn×n,IndA=m, andrkAm=s1. Then, the determinantal representations of its CMP inverseAc,=aijc,can be expressed as

aijc,=βJs,niAA.iv.jlβββJs,nAAββ2βJs1,nAm+1ββE35
aijc,=αIs,njAAj.wi.lαααIs,nAAαα2βJs1,nAm+1ββE36

for all l=1,2, where

v.j1=αIs,njAAj.ût.ααCn×1,t=1,,n,E37
wi.1=βJs,niAA.iû.kββC1×n,k=1,,n,E38
v.j2=αIs,njAAj.g˜t.ααCn×1,t=1,,n,E39
wi.2=βJs,niAA.ig˜.kββC1×n,k=1,,n.E40

Here, ût.is the tth row and û.kis the kth column of ÛUAA, g˜t.is the tth row and g˜.kis the kth column of G˜AAG, and the matrices U=uijHn×nand G=gijHn×nare such that

uij=αIs1,njAm+1j.âi.αα,gij=βJs1,niAm+1.ia˜.jββ,

where âi.is the ith row of ÂAAm+1and a˜.jis the jth column of A˜Am+1A.

Proof. Taking into account (34), we get

aijc,=l=1nk=1nqilAalkdpkjA,E41

1. Taking into account the expressions (13), (10), and (11) for the determinantal representations of Ad, QA, and PA, respectively, we have

aijc,=ltβJs,niAA.iȧ.tβββJs,nAAββαIs1,nlAm+1l.at.mαααIs1,nAm+1αααIs,njAAj.a¨l.αααIs,nAAαα,

1. where ȧ.tis the tth column of AA, a¨l.is the lth row of AA, and at.mis the tth row of Am. So, it is clear that

aijc,=ltkβJs,niAA.ie.tββâtkαIs1,nlAm+1l.ek.ααβJs,nAAββαIs1,nAm+1αααIs,njAAj.a¨l.αααIs,nAAαα,

1. where e.tis the tth unit column vector, ek.is the kth row vector, and âtkis the tkth element of Â=AAm+1.

2. Denote

utlkâtkαIs1,njAm+1l.ek.αα=αIs1,njAm+1l.ât.ααE42

1. as the tth component of a column vector u.l=u1lunl. Then from

tβJs,niAA.ie.tββutl=βJs,niAA.iu.lββ,

1. we have

aijc,=lβJs,niAA.iu.lββαIs,njAAj.a¨l.ααβJr,nAAββαIs1,nAm+1αααIs,nAAαα.

1. Construct the matrix U=utlHn×n, where utlis given by (42), and denote ÛUAA. Then, taking into account that AAββ=AAαα, we have

aijc,=tkβJs,niAA.ie.tββûtkαIs,njAAj.ek.ααβJs,nAAββ2αIs1,nAm+1αα.

1. If we put that

vtj1kûtkαIs,njAAj.ek.αα=αIs,njAAj.ût.αα

1. is the tth component of a column vector v.j1=v1j1vnj1, then from

tβJs,niAA.ie.tββvtj1=βJs,niAA.iv.j1ββ,

1. it follows (35) with v.j1given by (37). If we initially put

wik1tβJs,niAA.ie.tββûtk=βJs,niAA.iû.kββ

1. as the kth component of the row vector wi.1=wi11win1, then from

kwik1αIs,njA2j.ek.αα=αIs,njA2j.wi.1αα,

1. it follows (36) with wi.1given by (38).

1. By using the determinantal representation (12) for Adin (41), we have

aijc,=ktβJs,niAA.iȧ.tβββJs,nAAβββJs1,ntAm+1.ta.kmβββJs,nAm+1ββαIs,njAAj.a¨k.αααIs,nAAαα.

Therefore,

aijc,=lktβJs,niAA.iȧ.tβββJs,nAAββ×βJs1,ntAm+1.te.kβββJs1,nAm+1ββa˜klαIs,njAAj.el.αααIs,nAAαα.

where e.kis the kth unit column vector, el.is the lth unit row vector, and a˜klis the klth element of A˜=Am+1A.

If we denote

gtllβJs1,ntAm+1.te.kββa˜kl=βJs1,ntAm+1.ta˜.lββE43

as the lth component of a row vector gt.=gt1gtn, then

lgtlαIs,njAAj.el.αα=αIs,njAAj.gt.αα.

From this, it follows that

aijc,=tβJs,niAA.iȧ.tββαIs,nj(AAj.gt.)ααβJr,nAAββαIs1,nAm+1αααIs,nAAαα.

Construct the matrix G=gtlHn×n, where gtlis given by (43). Denote G˜AAG. Then,

aijc,=tkβJs,niAA.ie.tββg˜tkαIs,njAAj.ek.ααβJs,nAAββ2αIs1,nAm+1αα.

If we denote

vtj2kg˜tkαIs,njAAj.ek.αα=αIs,njAAj.g˜t.αα

as the tth component of a column vector v.j2=v1j2vnj2, then

tβJs,niAA.ie.tββvtj2=βJs,niAA.iv.j2ββ.

Thus, we have (35) with v.j2given by (39).

If, now, we denote

wik2tβJs,niAA.ie.tββg˜tk=βJs,niAA.ig˜.kββ

as the kth component of a row vector wi.2=wi12win2, then

kwik2αIs,njAAj.ek.αα=αIs,njAAj.wi.2αα.

So, finally, we have (36) with wi.2given by (40).

## 4. An example

Given the matrix

A=200iiiiii.

Since

AA=42i2i2i312i13,A2=40022i0022i00,A3=80044i0044i00,

then rkA=2and rkA2=rkA3=1, and k=IndA=2and r1=1. So, we shall find Aand Aby (25) and (26), respectively.

Since

Â=A2A3=1621+i1+i1i1i1ii1,

then by (25),

a11,r=αI1,31A3A31.â1.αααI1,3A3A3αα=14.

By similarly continuing, we get

A=1821+i1+i1i1i1ii1.

By analogy, due to (26), we have

A=12100000000.

The DMP inverse Ad,can be found by Theorem 3.15. Since

A˜=A3A=442i2i22i1+i1+i22i1i1i.

and rkA3=1, then

u11=a˜1.,u21=a˜2.,u31=a˜3..

Furthermore, by (29),

a11d,=αI2,31AA1.u1.1ααβJ1,3A3ββαI2,3AAαα=1192det168i2i3+det168i2i3=13.

By similarly continuing, we get

Similarly by Theorem 3.17, we get

A,d=14200i00i00.

Finally, by theorem, we find the CMP inverse Ac,=aijc,. Since rkA3=1, then G=A˜and

G˜=AAA˜=1663i3i2i112i11.

Furthermore, by (40),

w112=βJ2,31AA.1g˜.1ββ=det602i2+det602i2=24.

By similar calculations, we get

w1.2=38496i96i,w2.2=192i9696,w3.2=192i9606.

So, by (36), we get

a11c,=αI2,31AA1.w1.2αααI2,3AAαα2βJ1,3A3ββ=14608det384192i2i3+det384192i2i3=13.

By similarly continuing, we derive

Ac,=11242i2i2i112i11.

## 5. Conclusions

In this chapter, we get the direct method to find the core inverse and its generalizations that are based on their determinantal representations. New determinantal representations of the right and left core inverses, the right and left core-EP inverses, the DMP, MPD, and CMP inverses are derived.

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© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Ivan I. Kyrchei (November 27th 2019). Determinantal Representations of the Core Inverse and Its Generalizations [Online First], IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.89341. Available from: