TY - CHAP AU - Rajesh Kumar Rai AU - Joachim Schmerbeck ED - Ana Cristina Gonçalves Y1 - 2018-11-05 PY - 2018 T1 - Why Forest Plantations Are Disputed? An Assessment of Locally Important Ecosystem Services from the Cryptomeria japonica Plantations in the Darjeeling Hills, India N2 - The conifer tree can lead to a wide variety of products and services. Overall, the evaluation, management and planning of the multiplicity of these forest systems requires effective and specific methods and tools in a sustainable frame of the systems and of their products and services. This book reflects the current research on conifer stands and forests. The authors, specialists in different areas, addressed several issues in forest science, focusing on the species' characteristics, silviculture and climate change; growth analysis; reconstruction of stand dynamics of mixed stands; establishment, regeneration and succession; litter-fall, nutrient cycle and silviculture; distribution and zonation; and ecosystem services provided by monocultures and mixed stands. BT - Conifers SP - Ch. 6 UR - https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.81057 DO - 10.5772/intechopen.81057 SN - 978-1-78984-801-4 PB - IntechOpen CY - Rijeka Y2 - 2024-05-05 ER -