TY - CHAP AU - Jan Beute AU - Vincent Manganiello AU - Alex KleinJan ED - Kuan-Hsiang Gary Huang ED - Chen Hsuan Sherry Tsai Y1 - 2018-02-28 PY - 2018 T1 - Phosphodiesterase 3 and 4 Inhibition: Facing a Bright Future in Asthma Control N2 - Asthma is a severe and growing threat affecting both children and adults in both developing and developed world, currently affecting approximately 8% of US population. It is becoming increasingly recognized as a syndrome constituted by airway obstruction, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation with different causes, associated risk factors, and underlying pathophysiology. The advances in basic and clinical research of asthma have accelerated over the past 20 years with increasing diagnostic tools, especially biomarkers, that led to specific characterization of individual patient's asthma pathophysiology, or disease "phenotype" and "endotype," which allowed precision medicine therapies, including new asthma biologics. This book aims to update the paradigm shifts in precision medicine of asthma diagnosis and management, driven by underlying phenotypes or endotypes. BT - Asthma Diagnosis and Management SP - Ch. 6 UR - https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74309 DO - 10.5772/intechopen.74309 SN - 978-1-78923-323-0 PB - IntechOpen CY - Rijeka Y2 - 2024-04-18 ER -