Chapters authored
Distribution Diagrams and Graphical Methods to Determine or to Use the Stoichiometric Coefficients of Acid-Base and Complexation Reactions
Part of the book: Stoichiometry and Research
The Conditions Needed for a Buffer to Set the pH in a System
It is a known fact that buffer systems are widely used in industry and in diverse laboratories to maintain the pH of a system within desired limits, occasionally narrow. Hence, the aim of the present work is to study the buffer capacity and buffer efficacy in order to determine the useful conditions to impose the pH on a given system. This study is based on the electroneutrality and component balance equations for a mixture of protons polyreceptors. The added volume equations were established, V, for strong acids or bases, as well as the buffer capacity equations with dilution effect, β dil, and the buffer efficacy, ε, considering that the analyte contains a mixture of the species of the same polyacid system or of various polyacid systems. The ε index is introduced to define the performance of a buffer solution and to find out for certain, whether the buffer is adequate or not to set the pH of a system, given the proper conditions and characteristics.
Part of the book: Advances in Titration Techniques